PSY 121
QALMRI
Sana, Weston, & Cepeda (2013), Laptop multitasking hinders learning for both users and nearby peers. Computers & Education 62 (2013): 24-31.
Question: When referring to the article by Sana, Weston, & Cepeda (2013), the reader will find both a specific and broad question. The broad question being asked is whether or not memory retention is hindered by multitasking. The specific questions being asked are whether or not students who use laptops to multitask in class experience lower levels of information retention and if the multitasking of some students negatively effects the memory retention of their surrounding peers.
Alternative: This study has one of four alternatives: multitasking could have no effect on learning in all circumstances, it could only have an
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Logic: If, in all circumstances, multitasking does not impact memory, then test scores will not be affected by laptop use in class. If direct multitasking affects memory then test scores will be lower in experiment 1. If indirect multitasking effects memory then test scores will be lower in experiment 2.
Method: In Experiment 1, 44 undergraduate university students were chosen to participate in an introductory psychology course lecture accompanied by a questionnaire. Only students with access to a personal laptop were asked to join. Based on a screening process, four participants were removed from the study. The experiment was carried out in a classroom setting under the condition that participants had no prior knowledge or other disqualifying qualities. The materials used were a power point lecture, a multiple choice test, laptops, instructions for multitasking, a consent form, and a questionnaire. They were randomly seated and received a set of instructions as well as a consent form. Students were asked to take notes while listening to the lecture. Half of the participants were asked to complete 12 online tasks
Student D’s other teachers allow her to do alternative assignments and play games on the computer which she enjoys doing and will chose if given the opportunity. She seems to perform better if she has a reduced workload.
The hypothesis is that students completing the majority of their assignments on computers will have more ADHD symptoms than those that do
With the new one to one initiative at Seaman High School multiple students have taken favor to typing notes rather than writing their notes down. Scientific studies have shown that writing down notes helps students learn since they are “… forced to be more selective — because you can't write as fast as you can type” writes Pam Mueller, a psychological scientist. Muller has led a study researching the effects that typing notes has on a student’s learning; her findings indicated “… that even when laptops are used as intended… they may still be harming academic performance” (APS 1). One student reported typing notes for an entire class period, only to realize, at the conclusion of class, that he did not fully grasp what the lesson was (APS 1).
Multitasking is a common technique used by most people that is thought to be a way of getting tasks done quicker. With the need for speed in today’s society there is more that has to be done in a minimal time. But what people do not realize is that when they cram their work into a limited amount of time, it can backfire altogether. Within this paper will be an explanation of the negative side effects that may come with multitasking such as stress, physical health problems, and frequently making mistakes.
The Scientific question was does eating affect running time. The Hypothesis was “ If you eat something your running time will be longer.” Our Hypothesis was accepted. The Control variables were same track, food and weather. The Independent variable was was whether the Participants got food or not. The Dependent variable was the amount of time it took the participant to run the lap.
Technology has always been a human fascination, from the way it promotes rapid communication to the simple fact that it entertains, and connects people worldwide. As more and more technology-based education systems are being set up in classrooms, we have seen an era when smartphones overpower people, interpersonal communicaiton, and even minds. Personally, after reading these articles, I feel more compelled to quit the use of technology, whether it be the smartphone, laptops, or tablets, in a classroom setting. As the West Point Academy study showed, students tended to score better when any use of technological device was strictly banned. Further demonstrating that technology is a burden on effective learning, the Ereader study made me become aware that the mind is stimulated through actions,
Within the first experiment, they were studying whether or not multitasking affected a student’s ability to learn and retain information. Sana, Weston, and Cepeda (2012) hypothesized that “students who multitasked while attending the lecture would have significantly lower comprehension test scores than students who did not multitask.” (p. 25) The independent and dependent variables stem from one another. The independent variable was the students who were asked to do unrelated tasks online and at any convenient time during the lecture, and the students who asked to take notes on their laptops, which was the control group (Sana, Weston, and Cepeda, 2012). The dependent variable was the test scores. The results showed that students who did not multitask scored higher on the tests they took over the lecture, than the students who were asked to multitask. This experiment was considered an experiment because of its use of
As they mentioned, their sample size was really small and selective. They said we only worked with college students, but I think that sample size of 18 is not enough even to represent the college student population! If they had numbers closer to couple hundrets or more then it would be easier to generalize their results. Also what caught my mind was male/female thing with multitasking. It is known that females do multitasking better than males, so it would be interesting to see if that is supported and if it's actually
Multitasking makes you feel good because you accomplish more at once. Parents should let kids use media while doing homework. “Then the stress will be moved evenly. “Ages 30 and under multitask more than older ages. This is due because they have the technology all around them. Therefore they use it. So scientists surveyed 63 people aged from 13 through 39 to see if multitasking was effective. They found that multitasking“Was good for the brain.”
Another consideration among researchers when looking at the effects of multitasking is that it actually has a positive effect on a small percentage of people that are known as supertaskers. There have been many studies done on the critical effects it has on the brain, but what good does it do? Hammond wrote an article on how normal people don’t get the same benefits as supertaskers have. Hammond reported that “even if you’re not a supertasker, multi-tasking by surfing the web at the same time as answering emails, playing computer games, or listening to music could bring another benefit” (4). She includes that “people who regularly used three or more different media at a time were better at integrating the information that came in through their
It may be hard to grasp the idea that developing electronical multitasking lifestyles may in turn develop an inability or prevention to learn at full capacity. Electronic multitasking may inhibit the way a person is capable of receiving and retaining important information, whether it be in school or in a person’s everyday life. In order to truly learn, a student or person must develop the proper skills of paying attention. Over the past decade, as electronic technologies have advanced and become more and more integrated into everyday life, studies are showing that electronic multitasking has not only brought along the persistent belief that one must learn to do many things at once, but
These same devices that can enhance our learning can also backfire and detract from it. The same technology that allows teachers some benefit, professors also find a nuisance. The mobile phones that have basically become mobile computers are considered a major distraction because of the silent ringers, e-mails, and instant messages that interrupt us constantly while we are in class. Distraction is not the only worry to the teachers in classrooms worldwide; technology has also made cheating more easily. Stephanie Dunnewind states her point of view in Internet Creates New Opportunities for Cheating, but Also Learning that “More than three-quarters of public school students admitted to cheating on an exam in the past year, either by copying, using crib notes or helping another student. Some students justify dishonesty as a fairness issue”(113). The problem with students multi-tasking is that it takes awhile for our brains to get back into focus of what we were doing prior to the intrusion. Intrusions during class result in the students finding trouble with participating in the lesson getting their class work done. The technologies of the
Today, many campuses offer free Wi-Fi internet access in all classrooms. However, students abuse the advantage of Wi-Fi internet availability and misuse their laptops in ways that prevents them to engage and concentrate in class. Carrie B. Fried’s points out that although her research demonstrated that laptops are an effective learning tool, there was more suggestive evidence to ban laptops in class because they detract students from learning. Based on her research results, she concluded that students learning are negatively related to in-class laptop use because students spent “considerable time multitasking and that laptop use posed a significant distraction to both users and fellow students” (Computers and Technologies Journal). With Wi-Fi networks, it allows students to use the internet and do non-course related activities: check emails, play online games, visit social media networks such as Facebook and Blogger, and instant message other friends inside and outside of their current classroom. Students performing non course related activities on their laptops distract their fellow classmates as well. A student who misuses their laptop hinders their own learning as well as the learning of peers who are using their laptops appropriately. A student watching a comedy and smiling can distract another classmates’ learning and the disrespect the professor who is struggling to teach.
b) One, the performance on each of the four dependant measures has to be in the top 25% of the single-task scores for that variable and two, the dual-task performance could not differ from the single-task levels by more than the single-task standard error of the mean for that measure. From a score ranging from 0-4, which reflects the number of measures which the participants showed no dual-task decrement, those who earned a 3, were classified as Supertaskers while those who earned 0-2 were classified as control.
Multitasking is becoming very significant on the workplace to complete the task in less time. In fact, some people believe that multitasking saves time and can be done at all together. On the other hand, some people think that it is a distracting activity which leads to a lack of concentration. According to David Silverman, “In Defense of Multitasking”, multitasking is “crucial to survival in today’s workplace” (522). However, I do not agree because multitasking reduces productivity, increases stress levels and it is, especially, problematic for students.