Lab Report

Because of the fact that people do not eat ash trees, the pesticides we use would not really affect us as we would not be consuming them, sure we would be breathing them in if they were sprayed but in the case of trees, like I stated earlier trees don’t get sprayed they get injected with the

Rain and irrigation from lawns and gardens wash litter off the surfaces of streets and sidewalks into

The Gypsy Moth can impact over 500 types of trees as the moths eat the bark, and leaves killing trees one by one. When the moths eat the trees it can affect the many benefits trees provide to the biosphere. Also, forest defoliation can cause a loss of wildlife's habitats, can increase chances of wildfires, and water quality. The gypsy moth can kill millions of acres in one year.

In a 48-hour period, I produced close to 4 5-gallon trash bags full of both recyclable and non-recyclable items. My recyclables such as paper, plastic, glass, and aluminum items are likely to end up being recycled. And my non-recyclables are more likely to end up in a landfill. However, the food scraps I threw into a compost bin are likely to end up as fertilizer for soil at the Dartmouth Organic Farm. In addition, although I did not record any trash to be de facto, I am sure that I most likely abandoned bits of paper, which are probably left at the site of abandonment.

Few of the animals that live in savanna grasslands are decomposers or scavengers, meaning they decompose other organic matter or eat other dead species. These animals typically clean up the remains of animals that have been partially eaten by predators. Hyenas, vultures, insects, and earthworms are all considered scavengers or decomposers of the savanna grasslands. While animals help in the decomposing of animals, fungi and bacteria play the biggest roles.

Deposition of the various wastes from the excavation process has a significant effect on the composition of micro-organisms on the environment. The remains are composed of biocides and heavy metal which have a significant effect on the environment and its inhabitants. Natural gases that escape such as methane mix with vapor from the environment, resulting in increased acidity of the soil. This reduces the productivity of land as crops do very poorly under such saline conditions (DiGiulion, Wilkin, Miller & Oberley, 2011). The acid levels leak to the earth’s surface changing the oxygen and bacterial contents of the soil structure. This in return results in the plants being unable to fix nitrogen, the consequence being the reduced hydration capability if the plant hampering the formation of cellulose hence weak and contaminated plants will be

(12) Plant litter is a common occurrence due to the plant dying and its inability to hold the leaf, twig, of stalk of the plant in place. Litter is the accumulation of all these parts at the soil surface. In the Tortuga island, their rainforest has many storms and plants that are destroyed and break off, causing a lot of litter. Due to this area being warm and moist, the litter decomposes rapidly,

30 days, 3.96% after 60 days). This capacity of the fungi is attributed to an extracellular enzyme

In some parts of the world, human waste is being used as agricultural fertilizer and it is known as biosolids. We have biosolids due to the wastewater treatment process. There are many advantages and disadvantages to the use of biosolids, however, I believe the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. Biosolids create job opportunities, promote farming, is free and is a cost effective of disposal. Using biosolids can cause odours in the area and may affect health as well. Although biosolids can cause odour problems, farmers see it as a free source of fertilizer. It helps produce ample crops. Creating biosolids is a form of recycling which prevents humans from dumping it in landfills. Biosolids have been

The pH of saliva was 7 this means that it is neutral and there is a large amount mineral reserves, unlike when it is 6.25 to 6.75 which indicates that there is an excess of acid and that the there is a very low amount of mineral reserves and that on its own is not healthy. The saliva contributes to supporting the pH by two components. To begin with, the flow of saliva kills starches that could be utilized by microorganisms and evacuates acids created by microscopic organisms (Baliga et al, 2013). Second, acidity from beverages and nourishments, as well as bacterial activity, is neutralized by the buffering action of salivation (Baliga, 2013). The solution that was mixed with water and Biuret test reagents was clear because there was no protein presence,

We were able to collect leaf litter from 4 different locations around the backside of Brighton High School: the creek, straw/poop pile, mowed grass, and the greenhouse. From my personal viewpoint and senses, the creek was very muddy, the sun shined on some parts, it was watery, had moist mud, little to no shade, it contained a ton of debris, tree branches, frogs, and wood shavings. The straw/poop pile smelled like poop, had little to no shade, it contained lots of wood, flies, and hay. The mowed grass was muddy, dead, moist, a few days old, and had little to no shade. The Greenhouse was very cold, grassy, moist, muddy, the grass was dead, it had no shade. Based on these observations, I hypothesized that the creek would have the greatest amount of arthropods due to food sources and the cool temperature because of the cold water and trees but I was not correct. The results are as

In this task we were required to collect, process and analyse field data, to investigate the biological impact of trampling on two ecosystems, wastelands area and the athletics track area. I found that on the athletics track where there was trampling and mowing the plant organisms were short and in the quadrat 1-2 of the wasteland area where there was no mowing the plant organisms were tall. In the wasteland area there was more of a variety of organisms, was densely populated and a clear pattern of distribution with more organisms being there. The light intensity was higher and the pH was stronger on the athletics track.

In as much as this database is useful for locating useful pesticide information, the policy fails to recognize the waste associated with the 3R method. The policy claims to be about the environmental, social and economic benefits but lacks specific information as to what this means concretely. The environment in itself cuts across scale, that is, it is not limited to just the forest area. The policy awards a “tick” mark for only how the certified holders use the pesticide on the land and not what happens afterwards. Before the invention of this policy forest owner had access to pesticide, whether it falls under the HHP category or not. The removal tactic means that the pesticide is no longer viable for use in the farmlands and thus have to be disposed of somewhere. Most often, the lack of accountability as to how these pesticides are disposed of leads to improper disposal which is often harmful to the environment and the community around it. In others disposing of this toxicant improperly does not determine the eco-label but not using it on forest does. The failure to recognize the potential harm associated with the disposal method is in a case of recognition injustice for the environment and also the people around the disposal site. This injustice is similar with the replacement model, there is no

As this society is getting to be unhealthier, many people want to veer away from non-organic foods. Because of this, there are people who have organic farms or gardens. For the process to be natural, people use compost for their plants, but it can take up to 3-12 months for compost to fully decompose. The topic is decomposition rate. The IV would be the pH level in the compost. The DV would be the rate of decomposition. The constant is the compost without anything added. The controls are the environment, compost materials, scientists doing the experiment, way of measuring,

In forest ecosystems, heavy defoliation occurs occasionally when populations of the species are high and parasitoids are low (Klass 1985; Van Nieukerken et al. 2012). The crowns of oak trees (mainly Quercus rubra and Q. velutina) can experience thinning and die back due to the loss of structure to the leaves (Gelok et al. 1998; Klass 1985; Van Nieukerken et al. 2012).