Bribery, Corruption, and Death. Oh, My!
In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, William Shakespeare’s King Lear, and Franz Kafka’s The Trial, corruption plays a central role. In the first, European greed for ivory leads to the corruption of individuals like Kurtz and the abuse of the native population. In the second, King Lear’s devolution of power to his corrupt daughters leads to a war and the deaths of ten characters. In the third, a corrupt organization upends Josef K.’s life. In all, power leads to corruption, which in turn leads to ruin.
In Heart of Darkness, the “precious trickle of ivory” from the Congo begets and corrupts everything (Conrad, 18). Kurtz, in his pursuit of ivory, becomes distorted. He changes from a “universal genius” to a barbaric figure that places the heads of decapitated natives on spikes facing him in worship and sick veneration (Conrad, 72).
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King Lear devolves his power to Regan and Goneril, two corrupt daughters greedy for power, who lie about loving him. Immediately upon receiving half of the kingdom, they plot against King Lear, with Goneril urging immediate action, arguing to “do something, and i’th’heat” (Shakespeare, 1.1.304). To ensure their control, they rid King Lear of his knights, entreating him “to bring but five-and-twenty” and refusing to house more, thus making him completely dependent on them (Shakespeare, 2.4.245). Through their nefarious actions, the sisters not only demonstrate their lack of love for King Lear, but also their own corruption and power-lust, which lead to King Lear’s mistreatment and war with France, as Cordelia returns to care for her father and restore him to the throne. Many, including King Lear and all his daughters, die. Ultimately, a potentially corrupt act gave power to two definitely corrupt individuals and resulted in a chain of events that claimed the lives of ten characters, again proving the destructive power of
Lear, left to his own devices, is left in a devastating storm and seeks shelter and help from loyal companions. When discovered that there is a plot to execute Lear, he escapes seeking shelter and protection from his third daughter, Cordelia whom he had banished and disowned from all power and authority. Due to Cordelia protecting her father, she was later executed by Goneril’s and Regan’s forces. And Lear, the former king who had brought upon his own ill fate died due to grief at the death of his youngest daughter, who truly loved him. Goneril and Regan had succeeded in their uprising against their father and overthrowing the hierarchy.
The novella, Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad, is a piece that pushed the envelope of its time due to an oppositional stance on the forced imperialism of primitive and/or impoverished countries. The protagonist of this story is the self-proclaimed explorer, Marlow, who decides to leave the heart of light and purity (Europe) and take a job as a steamboat captain in the dark jungles of the Congo Free State in Africa. Upon his arrival, Marlow begins to see the impact of Belgium’s intrusion on the Congo by means of implementing slavery, commandeering ivory (a valuable resource), and presenting a negative attitude toward the primitive population. Marlow eventually becomes obsessed with an ivory
Joseph Conrad 's Heart of Darkness is both a dramatic tale of an arduous trek into the Belgian Congo at the turn of the twentieth century and a symbolic journey into the deepest recesses of human nature. On a literal level, through Marlow 's narration, Conrad provides a searing indictment of European colonial exploitation inflicted upon African natives. By employing several allegoric symbols this account depicts the futility of the European presence in Africa.
Goneril and Regan use Lears pride to render him homeless. They are aware that he loved Cordelia best but
Whenever the issue of power allocation arises, there usually emerge a few individuals who, given only a moderate amount of authority, overstep their bounds to exert more dominance than they rightfully own; such is the case with Goneril. Yet, although Goneril certainly errs in betraying the very father that bestowed a large dominion upon her, King Lear deserves much of the blame for Goneril's haughtiness. After grossly misinterpreting the reticence of his heretofore prized daughter Cordelia, Lear divides his kingdom between the mendacious Goneril and the scheming Regan, thereby leaving the fate of the land at their unskilled mercies. Naturally, Goneril relishes her newfound control, so
Shakespeare's King Lear is a play which shows the consequences of one man's decisions. The audience follows the main character, Lear, as he makes decisions that disrupt order in his Kingdom. When Lear surrenders all his power and land to his daughters as a reward for their demonstration of love towards him, the breakdown on order in evident. Lear's first mistake is to divide his Kingdom into three parts. A Kingdom is run best under one ruler as only one decision is made without contradiction. Another indication that order is disrupted is the separation of Lear's family. Lear's inability to control his anger causes him to banish his youngest daughter, Cordelia, and loyal servant, Kent. This foolish act causes Lear to become vulnerable to
The power that Lear gives to Goneril and Regan makes them treacherous and deceitful. Lear offers his
Lear's actions of distributing his kingdom to his daughters (which in a patriarchal society such as Lear's is against natural law) and his rashness of expelling Cordelia and wrongly rewarding Regan and Goneril, were a violation and misreading of true nature which, from that point on, lead to the destruction and death of Lear and his family.
Ivory is connected to many of the main events and characters in the Heart of Darkness as it symbolizes imperialism and the greed of the Europeans. It drives the entire presence of the Europeans in the Congo. “The word ‘ivory’ rang in the air was whispered, was signed,” Marlow says. While amongst the Euro pilgrims, Marlow mentions, “The only real feeling was a desire to get appointed to a trading-post where ivory was to be had, so that they could earn percentages.” Greed is shown mainly through Kurtz, who has the most interaction with the ivory at the post and is sought after by Marlow and others who wish to have his position.
At the beginning of the play King Lear has more power than anyone else, the feeling of power made him think it was okay to ask his three daughters who loved him the most. When his youngest and favourite daughter Cordelia did not give him the answer he wanted by saying, “Unhappy that I am, I cannot heave / My heart into my mouth/ I love your majesty / According to my bond, no more nor less” (King Lear 1.1.91-93). he started lashing out. Lear clearly values Goneril and Regan fawning over him over Cordelia’s sincere honesty. Out of pride and anger, Lear banishes Cordelia, as well as Kent for defending her. Lear splits the kingdom in half to Goneril and Regan which leads to the deaths of many people in the play. Throughout the play he becomes increasingly shocked when people do not obey him the way they did before and the lack of respect he receives. With his loss of power Lear often responds to these problems with anger saying things like “My curses on her!” (2.4.138). about his own daughter. By the end of the play he recognizes that he takes responsibility for both his own problems and for those of others. King Lear’s actions were the first step to the plays tragic outcome.
In general terms, corruption is the act of corrupting or of impairing integrity, virtue, or moral principle. In politics, corruption is the misuse of public power and image.Whether it is realized or not, no country is wholly free of the disease of corruption, and if it is allowed to develop and become significantly strong, it can obstruct the good processes of governing and deteriorate the fabric of society. It can become a barrier to continual development and make it so that essentially no room remains for justice to succeed. In Shakespeare’s Hamlet, the destructive force of corruption is clearly exemplified through the abundance of imagery concerning decay, death, disease, sickness, and infection as the play progresses. The first and
In books and in life older people are usually seen as wise and so this has become a stereotype. Older leaders are usually shown to be strong and always do the right thing because there wiser than their younger counterparts. This stereotype has become a little overused and so when you see a piece that goes against that norm, it becomes very interesting. In William Shakespeare’s King Lear the theme of sanity and corruption is developed through the motif of wisdom and age to illustrate the idea that older people are not always wiser than younger people. This play flips the idea of wisdom in relation to age on its head, which makes the plot all the more interesting.
In act 1, scene 1, Lear says that “Meantime [he] shall express [his] darker purpose” (1,1,36). The expression “darker purpose” tells us that there is a secret and a tragedy that is about to be revealed. The power that Lear gives to Gonerill and Regan makes them deceitful. He offers his kingdom to them but in return they must tell him how much they love him “which of you shall we say doth love us most, that we our largest bounty may extend”. (1, 1,56-57). Lear gives an opportunity for his daughters to take advantage of him. Gonerill “loves [him]
Reacting with rage at this notion, Lear proceeds to beat his forehead with his fist in frustration: “O Lear, Lear, Lear!/Beat at this gate that let thy folly in/And thy dear judgement out!” (1.4.267-269). Lear believes that he is still the ruler, despite giving up his kingdom, and as such feels that Goneril should obey him. He obviously regrets his decision to give Goneril any power. Later, Regan and Goneril cause Lear further suffering by undermining their father’s sense of authority, without hesitation. They do this by severely diminishing the number of knights they will allow him to keep under his rule:
In comparison to Ozymandias, King Lear was too corrupted by power. In William Shakespeare’s tragedy, King Lear, the corruption of power leads to the downfall of his kingdom and the king himself. In contrast to Ozymandias, King Lear is not only a monarch, but has the responsibilities of his family as well. To begin King Lear, Shakespeare starts by Lear giving up power. King Lear originally wants to divide his kingdom amongst his three daughters, the two eldest Goneril and Regan and his youngest daughter Cordelia. Before the empire can be divided the girls must share their dying love for Lear in a speech. The two eldest daughters going first, exaggerate their love for their father. In contrast, although Cordelia expresses her love for her father, it is only as a daughter should love their father, nothing more. Lear’s pride