Kilimanjaro Research Paper

Many people go to Hawaii for a nice relaxing vacation, not knowing they’re right next to one of the five most active volcanos in the world,Kilauea. Kilauea had killed over 400 people in a single eruption. Kilauea is formed on a hotspot,or a place of significant activity or danger,this is one of the reasons Kilauea is so active. Kilauea has had many small eruptions, but the last large eruption lasted 30 years and was from 1983 to 2013. Kilauea may seem like any other regular volcano but it is much more dangerous.

Mauri Pelto, a glaciologist, studied a glacier on Mount Baker, in Washington State. The glaciers are melting, as the planet becomes warmer. “At the rate it is losing mass, it won’t make it 50 years,” said Pelto. Glaciers from Mount Baker and the North Cascades are getting smaller. Over the past thirty years, seven glaciers have melted. An estimate was made that the 116 glaciers that they studied in Alaska have lost a total of 75 billion metric tons of ice. There were 150 glaciers in Glacier National Park in 1850. Now, there are only 25."They are losing volume at a faster rate than ever before," Pelto said. "If you cannot sustain a glacier at a place like this in the Lower 48 states, there is no hope."

In Greenland and in the Arctic I was astonished to see that ancient glaciers are rapidly disappearing well ahead of scientific predictions. All that I have seen and learned on this journey has terrified me. For decades, scientists have struggled to get the same basic message across: global

The evidence behind this discovery is quite breathtaking. Since the 19th century, the surface temperatures on planet earth have increased a full two degrees. This change has been proven to be largely driven by increase in carbon monoxide and other human-made emissions into the atmosphere. Along with the rising global temperatures, another vital sign of global warming would be the shrinking of the ice caps and sheets. The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have decreased in mass. Data from NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment show Greenland lost 36 to 60 cubic miles of ice per year between 2002 and 2006, while Antarctica lost about 36 cubic miles of ice between 2002 and 2005.

Global warming persists as one of the world’s biggest issues today that is causing several problems that include the world’s severe climate and rising sea levels while possibly being the main cause as to why all of mankind could go extinct. This global crisis is known as the steady increase in the world’s average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and oceans that are proven to be permanently changing the world’s climate (Live Science, 2014). This phenomenon is strongly evident as Earth’s temperature has also increased by 2 degrees Celsius since the last century. As a result of this, Canadian glaciers are melting at a higher rate of 2 to 3 feet than of what it was a decade before (Lerner, 2014). All astoundingly happening while the Artic Canadian permafrost has begun to melt (Davidson,2015). The state of this issue in Canada does not seem to be improving as validated through both the scientific evidence as well as the blatant and irrefutable observable evidence.

When President Taft created Glacier National Park in 1910, it had about 150 glaciers. Since then, the number has decreased to less than 30, and those remaining have shrunk by two-thirds. Dr. Daniel Fagre (2015) predicts that within the next 30 years most if not all of the park's glaciers will melt. Glacier National Park is not the only place effected. The snow on Kilimanjaro has melted more than 80 percent since 1912. Glaciers at the Garhwal Himalaya in India are melting so fast that researchers believe that most central and eastern Himalayan glaciers could disappear by 2035. Greenlands coastal glaciers have melted to the point of no return. “These peripheral glaciers and ice caps can be thought of as colonies of ice that are in rapid decline,

Sierra Leone is a country with much history. It has many historical sites and great mines that contain so much “treasure”. Its economy is still growing and they’re trying to improve themselves. They’re a diverse country with different ethnic groups and languages but socially and culturally they can agree on the way they eat, what type of music they like, and what they do for fun. This country is unique and is growing from the past to a modern future.

Climate change is speeding up the process of global warming. The polar ice caps have been melting at an excessive rate over the years causing dramatic changes in sea levels, salt contents, and storm patterns.

The alpine glaciers are melting with temperature increases of 2°C, twice the global average. This effects water resources by altering vegetation.

We know that climate changes can be essential, but figuring out why they happen is intricate because there is not any rhyme or reason to why they happen. When I think of trying to decipher how and why weather happens, I think of how we try to predict El Niño and how it is not following the script. “The Wisconsin Glacial Stage is best known of the glaciations that affected North America, and it has been possible to divide Wisconsin into early, middle, and late episodes” (Britannica). This means that what we see around us now has changed not once, not twice but numerous times throughout evolution. Each time something else was effected, from landscape, vegetation, and animals that we are now exposed to. The current landscapes of areas that have encountered glaciers are much flatter. The vegetation from the past is now extinct. The soil of the land is very fertile but, because of the rocks it makes it hard to

Over a millennium ago The Great Wall Of China was erected to stop hostile armies from invading the landscape. Now, Africa's farmlands are under attack from a far worse invader: the Sahara Desert. Twenty nations are coming together in an effort to plant a living defense system made of trees, called, the Great Green Wall of Africa.

Along with the deep seas, there are signs of rising sea levels. This is being contributed to the melting of Glaciers. According to National Geographic’s “The famed snows of Kilimanjaro have melted more than 80 percent since 1912. Glaciers in the Garhwal Himalaya in India are retreating so fast that researchers believe that most central and eastern Himalayan glaciers could virtually disappear

Climate change is defined as the change in global or regional climate patterns, which is apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards. When looking at climate change there is an abundance of evidence that supports that humans are the leading causes of the drastic shift in the weather pattern but there is also a lot of evidence against humans actually causing climate changes. For example, the increasing levels of man made gases that are let into the atmosphere may have created a greenhouse effect, which traps heat and ultimately causes global warming. But there are also many scientists who believe that the earth has always naturally cooled down or warmed up at its own pace.

The Himalayas in India are important resource of water for the population in India and around the world. Glaciers are in deep trouble due to the climate change and this hurts billions of people in the Ganges River. The snow that falls in the Himalayas compacts into glaciers thus providing a continuous water supply. However melting of the ice is happening faster then predicted and according to a meeting in Denmark sea level rise is about 3 feet by the end of the century. Global warming might trigger worldwide food crisis that will threaten international security. In Montana the ice may disappear in just over a decade and by 2020 glacier will be gone unless changes are done to stop temperature from rising. In the 1980s, the U.S.G.S. began a more systematic study of the remaining glaciers, which has continued to the present day. By 2010, 37 glaciers remained, but only 25 of these were considered to be "active glaciers" of at least 25 acres (0.10 km2) in area. If the current warming trend continues, all of the remaining glaciers in the park will be gone by 2030.Thie glacier retreat follows a worldwide pattern that has accelerated even more since 1980. Without a major climatic change in which cooler and moister weather returns and persists, the mass balance, which is the accumulation rate versus the ablation (melting) rate of glaciers, will continue to be negative and the glaciers will eventually disappear, leaving behind only barren

There are many ideas of what is causing climate changes in our atmosphere. Everything from visible or sensible changes any person can determine, like how we are experiencing a lot more hotter days in what is suppose to be cooler seasons, to in depth-researched changes from scientist, such as