Joint Base Cape Cod ( Jbcc )

The 82 private wells and two springs had detectable amounts of benzene contaminated by soil that was affected by years of mismanagement and improper disposal of chemical waste. 42 of the private wells and both springs had

Recently over nine Cape Cod public water suppliers tested for contaminants in groundwater, with a goal to learn more about how septic systems and other groundwater sources are affecting water quality on the Cape. The results of the testing came back that over 75% of the wells and systems tested showed levels of contamination, much of which came from septic systems(FAQs: Emerging contaminants in Cape Cod drinking water 2016). A big issue regarding the contamination of the Cape water is the amount of sand Cape Cod has. Sand is very permeable and allows the water to pass through to quickly before the natural process of full purification can take place, resulting in many different contaminants easily being able to get into the ground and drinking water(Land and People: Finding a Balance Jan 2015). All of the contamination in the groundwater leads to contaminated well water which is how most people living on the Cape get their drinking water. Drinking contaminated water can lead to many different illnesses, infections, and may be linked to diseases like cancer. Poor water quality also has an effect on biodiversity making the amount of biodiversity in different habitats smaller(Quebec Biodiversity Website: Impacts on Biodiversity 2014). With high levels of pollutants, the water quality lessens and the turbidity rate increases making the water less able

John-Manville Corp is the site of 150-acre asbestos disposal. Around 3 million cubic yards of specification products and wastewater sludge were disposed of at the site. They stopped operations in the site in 1998 and former manufacturing buildings were torn down in 2000-2001. Asbestos is the main problem, during clean up asbestos contamination was found outside of the fence line. Outboard Marine Corporation is on the north section of the Waukegan Harbor. It was an outboard-boat-motor manufacturing plant. The contaminants include PCB’s, OMC that are used in hydraulic fluids, and TCE. Yeoman Creek Landfill is on the northwest side of Waukegan. The landfill was open from 1959-1969. The landfill did not have a bottom liner and the soil was permeable. The liquid from the landfill contained chemicals with elevated concentrations of metals and ammonia. Gas from the landfill was detected off site. North Shore Gas North Plant has was contaminated with residuals the past plan operations. North Shore Gas South Plant includes 1.9 acre former MGP facility along Pershing Road and bordering areas where MGP residuals are now found. MGP’s are industrial facilities that produced gas from coal, oil, and other

Fort Riley consists of over 100 thousand acres and contains multiple sources that are contaminated. There are landfills, hospitals, motor pools, and burn pits along with other facilities. There are well within the Camp Funston Landfill that have been contaminated with vinyl chloride along with other VOCS. Ground water around the dry cleaning facilities on the post have had PCE detected in them. Due to a fire training pit near the Marshall Army Airfield, ground water around this location has been contaminated with VOCS. With Fort Riley being a military installation, the landfill has been reported to have contaminants including degreasing solvents and waste oils. Mercury was also found to have been deposited into the landfill. The landfill is near the flood plain of the Kansas River and is considered to be the most concerning problem within Fort Riley. The river is commonly used for recreational activities such as fishing. The bald eagle, which is listed as an endangered species, is

cubic yards of contaminated soil make this site the one of the largest Superfund projects (EPA, 2013).

In 2004, the Army financed the removal of approximately 3,800 drums of depleted uranium and other waste materials. The process lasted between the years 2005 to 2007. Presently, it is owned by a private general contractor, Demaximis Inc., that’s main purpose is to stabilize the site.

1) The remedy chosen must attain a degree of cleanup that assures the protection of human health and environment. 2) The hazardous substances that will remain after the cleanup, they must meet the applicable and/or relevant and appropriate requirements under federal and state law (ARARs). 3) The remedy chosen must utilize permanent solutions and alternative treatment technologies or resource recovery technologies to the maximum extent applicable. 4) There must be cost effective response, taking into consideration total long-and short-term costs of the actions. And 5) It must be in accordance with the NCP to a practicable

Due to the large bodies of water in the county, there is a high risk for drowning. Water quality pollutants in the county come from fertilizers, bacteria from animal feces, sediment from land that are being cleared and stream channel erosion. When the rain falls into farms, parking lots, construction sites, and lawns the water collects pollutants and they get carried to the stream and then eventually end up in the Chesapeake Bay. In 2010 10 out of 15 streams sampled were rated far to poor, E-Coli, dissolved oxygen, fecal coliform, Chlorophyll-A and Polychlorinated Biphenyls were noted in the samples (2013 Natural Resource Indicator Report, 2014). C & R Battery Company Inc. and the Defense General Supply Center DLA were found on the national priority list for the most hazardous waste sites identified by the Environment Protection Agency because it is a risk to human and/or the environment (Virginia Superfund Sites, 2013).

To sum it up, if Congress does not vote to end fracking in New York State we are all subject to this contaminated water. The fracking companies are literally knocking on doors and asking homeowners along with people in the community to lease their property to install these wells and pump these chemicals into the ground so I have a partition layed out in the back so that You can help and join the fight by signing petitions to ensure NYS Congress fights to stop fracking on our turf also To see the validity of this contaminated water, I urge you to check out the movie “Gasland” as well as YouTube videos of running water from kitchen sinks being lit on fire.

One of the major drawbacks with fracking is due to the cause of widespread hazardous pollution within waterways surrounding the sites. The steel casings cannot guarantee prevention of chemical leakage dispersing into the adjacent soil holding tons of ground water. This is the same water that makes its way into our wells, and finally into our mouths. Furthermore, more than half of the wastewater used in the fracking process is flowed directly into a ready-made reservoir pits that sit in wait for evaporation. This wastewater gradually sinks into the ground, for the evaporation takes quite some time. The health risks posed by this dangerously hazardous output of pollution into our drinking water and nearby waterways is widely felt. Water quickly turns to metallic mush, goes black, and even becomes flammable in other cases. Fracking is upsetting the way of life for so many out there and yet they still refuse to answer for these wrongdoings. Mike Markham is forced to venture into town to buy his water supply due to his well water being deemed unfit for consumption (“GasLand”). Jeff and Wranda Locker’s washer was flooded with black water not soon after a fracking site began drilling. They placed faith in the energy company when they supplied them with a reverse osmosis water treatment system that was supposed to filter out the chemicals. However, later they found out that the system didn’t remove glycol ethers which damages brain cells and may well be the cause of Wranda’s fading

Although drinking water is not yet known to have been affected, the groundwater was contaminated with volatile organic compounds and heavy metals (5). Both of these types of contaminants have been linked with one or several of the following: cancer, liver, kidney, and nervous system problems (4). In July 1979, the State Court required that all material be removed from the site by July 1980 (5). The state has spent over $300,000 cleaning this site (5). According to EPA standards, this site is in the "construction completed" stage of clean up. This does not mean, however that actual cleanup is complete because groundwater may need to be treated more than 30 years before contaminants are at accepted levels (5).

Often, toxic substances are being drained into the air, waterways, and undergrounds wells. According to the report by Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), over 60 million pounds of deadly chemicals are produced by industries in Florida. Notably, Florida’s water has been suffering mercury contamination until the state’s department of migration issues a circular regularly for regulations of eating freshwater fish in the region (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission). In fact, such metals emanate from coal combustion’s emissions which run into water bodies. Not to mention, pesticides and herbicides utilized by government and homeowners pollute the environment (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission). Indeed, all chemicals released into the atmosphere find themselves in rivers.

The Superfund Program has provided technical assistance and funding to assess potentially contaminated sites and develop a response. In August of 2007, the Superfund Program compiled a Comprehensive Database and Atlas assessments of all known Uranium mines on the Navajo Nation. At the request of the U.S. House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, the EPA, along with the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Department of Energy, and the Indian Health Service developed a coordinated Five-Year Plan to address Uranium contamination in consultation with Navajo Nation EPA. In January of 2013, six Federal agencies, in consultation with the Navajo Nation, completed a five-year effort to address Uranium contamination in the Navajo Nation. The effort focused on the most imminent risks to people living on the Navajo Nation. While the last five years represent a significant start in addressing the legacy of Uranium mining, much work remains and the same federal agencies have collaborated to issue a second Five-Year Plan. The purpose of the second Five-Year Plan is to build on the work of the first plan, make adjustments based on information gained during this period, and plan the next steps in addressing the most significant risks to human health and the

A common and safe method for contaminated water clean up is Pump and Treat. Pump and Treat pumps groundwater from the effected wells to an above-ground treatment system. From there, the treatment system removes and contains the contaminate plume. Containing the plume keeps the contaminate from spreading and lowering the future possibility of causing more problems for Fruitvale.

One of the oldest radionuclide cleanup programs is the Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP). The FUSRAP is a predecessor of both the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and the Manhattan Engineering District. The Atomic Energy Commission and the Manhattan Engineering District conducted cleanup programs in the 1940s and 1950s targeting the production of uranium and thorium, along with their storage. While the Atomic Energy Commission and the Manhattan Engineering District did everything they could to meet health and safety