Chapter 3
Systems Design: Job-Order Costing
Types of Costing Systems Used to Determine Product Costs
Process Costing
Chapter 4 Chapter 4
Job-order Costing
Many different products are produced each period. Many different products are produced each period. Products are manufactured to order. Products are manufactured to order. Cost are traced or allocated to jobs. Cost are traced or allocated to jobs. Cost records must be maintained for each distinct Cost records must be maintained for each distinct product or job. product or job.
Types of Costing Systems Used to Determine Product Costs
Process Costing
Job-order Costing
Typical job order cost applications: Typical job order cost applications: Special-order
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X7 - 6890 Job No. A - 143 Department B3 Description 2 x 4, 12 feet 1 x 6, 12 feet Quantity 12 20 Date 3-4-01
Cost of material is Cost of material is charged to job A-143. charged to job A-143.
$ Unit Cost 3.00 4.00 Total Cost $ 36.00 80.00 $ 116.00
Type, quantity, and Type, quantity, and total cost of material total cost of material charged to job A-143. charged to job A-143. Authorized
Signature
Will E. Delite
Job-Order Cost Accounting
PearCo Job Cost Sheet Job Number A - 143 Department B3 Item Wooden cargo crate Date Initiated 3-4-01 Date Completed Units Completed
Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Overhead Req. No. Amount Ticket Hours Amount Hours Rate Amount X7-6890 $ 116
Cost Summary Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Overhead Total Cost Unit Product Cost
$
116
Units Shipped Date Number Balance
Job-Order Cost Accounting
PearCo Job Cost Sheet Job Number A - 143 Department B3 Item Wooden cargo crate Date Initiated 3-4-01 Date Completed Units Completed
Workers use Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Overhead Req. No. Amount Ticket Hours Amount Hours time tickets to Rate Amount X7-6890 $ 116
Cost Summary Direct Materials Direct Labor Manufacturing Overhead Total Cost Unit Product Cost
record the time spent on each job. Units Shipped
Number Balance
$
116
Date
Let’s see one
Employee Time Ticket
PearCo Employee Time Ticket Time Ticket No. Employee
Intracompany work was billed at $400 per hour, a rate based on usage estimates for 2001
Robert and Steve have asked that I prepare a comparison of Woodhaven freight rates with United. To accomplish this, I would like to get the following information related to United upholstery shipments.
Company Wide Overhead Rate equal Forecast Overhead divided by Expected Machine Hours Overhead Rate equal $480,000 equal $6 per machine hour 80,000. Company Wide Rate: Direct Material Costs x Batch Size plus Direct Labor Costs x Batch Size Maxiflow: Alaska: 135 x 20 equal 2700 110 x 20 equal 2200 75 x 20 equal 1500 95 x 20 equal 1900 equal $4200 per batch equal $4100 per batch Departmental Rate. Direct Materials Costs plus Direct Labor Costs divided by Each Department Hour Maxiflow: 135 plus 75 equal $210 Radiator Parts Fabrication: 210 divided by 28 equal $7.50 per batch Radiator Assembly, Weld, and Test equal 210 divided by 30 equal $7 per batch Compressor Parts Fabrication: 210 divided by 32 equal $6.60 per batch Compressor Assembly and Test: 210 divided by 26 equal $8.10 per batch Alaska: 110 plus 95 equal 205 Radiator Parts Fabrication: 205 divided by 16 equal $12.80 per batch Radiator Assembly, Weld, and Test: 205 divided by 74 equal $2.70 per batch Compressor Parts Fabrication: 205 divided by 8 equal $25.60 per batch Compressor Assembly and Test: 205 divided by 66 equal $3.10 per batch. There was only a $100 difference between Maxiflow and Alaska when it came to company-wide rates per batch.
Unit Title: OCR unit number Sector unit number Level: Credit value: Guided learning hours: Unit expiry date:
-Unit#125: Original P.O needed and a change order needed for the following: Prime all walls and ceilings, replace base at kitchen and living room with 4inch base 100LF.
Peter’s Peripherals assembles multimedia upgrade kits --- sets of components for adding sound and video to desktop computers. The demand for their kits for the next four quarters is estimated in the table below. Unit manufacturing cost for each kit is $160. Holding costs on each kit is $80 per quarter. Any kit that must be delivered late is assessed a backorder cost of $120. Each worker is capable of finishing 10 kits per quarter. If the company chooses to vary work force levels, it will incur costs of $400 for each additional worker; $600 for each termination. The company currently has 28 employees.
Job J57 and Job K52 involve 15 acres of landscaped terrain which will require special-order sprinkler heads to meet the specifications of the project. Using a job cost system to produce these parts, the following events occurred during December 2012. Raw materials were requisitioned from the company’s inventory on December 2 for $5,061; on December 8 for $1,059; and on December 14 for $3,459. In each instance, twothirds (2/3) of these materials were for J57 and the rest for K52. Six time tickets were turned in for these two projects for a total amount of 18 hours of work. All the workers were paid $16.50 per hour. The time tickets were dated December 3, December 9, and December 15. On each of those days, 6 labor hours were spent on these jobs, two-thirds (2/3) for J57 and the rest for K52. The predetermined overhead rate is based on machine hours. The expected machine hour use for the year is 2,112 hours, and the anticipated overhead costs are $840,576 for the year. The machine were used by workers on projects K52 and J57 on December 3, 9, and 15. Six machine hours were used for project K52 (2 each day), and 8.5 machine hours were used for project J57 (2.5 the first day and 3 each of the other days). Both of these special orders were completed on December 15, producing 237 sprinkler heads for J57 and 142 sprinkler heads for K52. Additional job order
The materials used per unit of production, the Run labor hours and machine hours are provided in exhibit 2. The overhead expenses per unit of the product have been apportioned according to their percentage production and usage. (Drucker, 1999)
1. Use the Overhead Cost Activity Analysis in Exhibit 5 and other data on manufacturing
Total Deliveri MD-11 MD-80 MD-90 es 8 98 182 122 90 59 153 208 319 471 680 498 287 213 185
6. Calculate the volume-based (traditional) cost per reel for grades A-D identified in Exhibit 1.
Assuming Top That uses the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method to account for inventories, the assignment of costs to units completed and transferred to the Sewing Department during February is
13. Young & Company uses a Material Requirement Planning (MRP) system for its product X. 110 units of X are required in week 10 (90 firm orders and 20 forecast). The bill of material for X and the inventory record file are as follows: