Japan's Economic Slump
1. Introduction ===============
In only fifty years, Japan has moved from poverty to the highest levels of income, from economic insignificance to leadership from the import of technology and capital to being a major source of their export, from less developed status to the lead of economic position after the United States. After being the best performer in the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) during the forty years, Japan has experienced economic stagnation since the beginning of the 1990s.
The revival of the Japanese economy is of great importance not only to Japan but also to the well being of global economy. Therefore, the
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The reasons for this include high rates of both personal savings and privates-sector facilities investment, labour force with strong work ethic, ample supply of cheap oil, innovative technology, and effective government intervention in private sector industries (Asianinfo). Japan was also a major beneficiary of the swift growth attained by the post-war world economy under the free trade advanced by the International Monetary Fund and the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. The industry sector was and still is the main contributor to the Japanese economy.
By the late 1960s, Japan became the first post-war era nation classified as "less-developed" to achieve "developed" status (Asianinfo). In 2000, Japan's gross domestic product (GDP) was $4.648 trillion, which represent approximately 15% of the world GDP. Its percapita GDP income in 2000 was $36,634, which is one of the highest in the world (Japan Finance ministry). Apart from the above, the real economic growth between 1960s and 1980s had been excellent. The average real economic growth during the 1960s was 10%. In the 1970s, the average rate was 5% at which time the Japanese economy was considered as a matured economy and followed by 4% during the 1980s (Bigsten, 2004, p.3). Then in 1991, the
Something having no current or flow and often having an unpleasant smell defines the word stagnant. The Japanese economy has been stagnant for about two decades now. There are many reasons for this ‘unpleasant smell’. Firstly, the fiscal policy in Japan, the surplus in savings, its once economic bubble power and the policy management in Japan put an end to any flow that there once was. Secondly, the Global flow and structural impediments are a cause of the lack of current. The liberal Democratic Party and Vested Interest Groups and also the monetarist explanation come into play. Looking at these such topics closely give a better look and realization of Japans stagnant economy.
The graph of economic growth look so nice and strong. People were being very optimistic about the economy, making Japan in the emotion of euphoria, which started a trend of investing.
The United States of America is one of the world leading economic powers in the world. The question is, how does the Unites States compare to other nation powers.Australia ,Cananda , China and Britain are just a few of the nation powers that can compare to the United states. This report will focus more one of the main rivials to the United States and that is Japan. Here is just a sample of Japans Numbers for 2004 compared to the United States. Unite States GDP growth is 4.30% ,unemployment is 5.60% and Inflation Rate is 1.90%. In Japan the GDP growth is 4.50% , unemployment is 4.60% and Inflation Rate is -.04%. . I think this is an important perspective because we really do live in a global
After the United States defeated Japan in World War II, Japan was left with devastating casualties and reparations to be done. The United States wanted to secure Japan and wanted to influence them, that way Japan would not turn to Soviet communism during the Cold War. In order to make proper reparations, General Douglas A. MacArthur was in charge of the restoration of Japan. MacArthur proposed a reconstruction program which included military, political, economic, and social reforms. So the United States could be able to impose the reconstruction program in Japan, the Allied powers wanted to disarm Japan, deal with colonies, stabilize the economy, and prevent remilitarization. General MacArthur began to work on the reconstruction of Japan in September, 1945 and divided the reconstruction was to be divided into three phases. The three phases were to reform Japan, revive the economy, and a formal peace treaty and alliance with the United States.
This paper will look at the Depressions that took place in Japan and Russia between 1929-39. Japan World War I did not have the horrible effect on Japan’s economy that it did on the rest of the world. This was mostly because Japan had taken over the markets that had been dominated by the
Japan’s unemployment rate of about 4% opposed to the U.S. unemployment rate of close to 10%. Even the financial debt to GDP ration is an advantage, and debt in the private sector has not increased unlike the U.S. and European countries, (Time, 2009). In addition, since Japan is a huge exporter and with the U.S. demand going downward, the international balances and growth declined especially as the dollar value dropped and the yen surged. •
This paper is going to lay out the general arguments of “The Japanese Miracle” written by Chalmers Johnson in the book titled “MITI and the Japanese Miracle: The Growth of Industrial Policy, 1925-1975”. Japan’s economy had been severely devastated after the World War II, the country’s production did not match the prewar level until 1954. But a significant economic growth was achieved in the period between the 1960s to 1970s and consequently turned Japan to be a strong economy, only after the United States and the Soviet Union at the time. Such an economic success was regarded as a “miracle” to the world despite many of the Japanese held a cautionary attitude towards the success. Chalmers Johnson stressed that Japan’s economic miracle was not
Today in Japan, a reinvention is necessary. There are many struggles with the young generation, the old generation, and catastrophic events which should be addressed. Specifically, the Japanese economy has been experiencing deflation for the past twenty years. In an article, the results of the deflation were described. The authors said, “Because of fewer available jobs and lower
The onset of Super Endaka in 1995 summed up to an already existing situation of global recession (1991), with price pressures, posted production and sales declines. Moreover, trade barriers in Europe prevented Japan's firms to expand and compensate for the US losses, where the price effects of yen appreciation were most severe. This time, the challenge posed by the new exchange rate shift was even harder than the first one.
In 1945, Japan was devastated and lost a quarter of the national wealth after suffering a defect in the second world war. A majority of the commercial buildings and accommodation had been demolished, and massive machinery and equipment formerly used in production for the civil market were out of service to provide metal for military supplies (Miyazaki 1967). Despite the trash and ruins had left over in Japan, Japan was able to rebuilding its infrastructure and reconstruct their economy. It is revealed that the Japanese economy was on its way to recovery, which received a rapid development since the war, and the reconstruction of Japan had spent less than forty years to become the world’s second largest economy in the 1980s. This essay will explore the three factors account for the economic growth of post-war Japan: the financial assistance from the United States, the external environment, and the effective policy of Japanese government.
Although Japan was once a booming economy, it did not necessarily start off that way and it certainly hasn’t remained that way. After World War II, the United States
Japan ranks as the third largest economy in the world as of 2010. The GDP at current prices in US dollars in Japan was reported at 5068.06 billion in 2009, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). Japan’s resurgence after World War II has however reached an inflection point in yearly 1989 after the burst of Japan’s asset price and real estate bubbles. As can be seen from the graph below, Japan’s GDP has hovered around the same level through more than 20 years of economic stagnation. The GDP’s slow growth has been exacerbated by the world financial crisis of 2008. A major landmark of Japan’s stagnation has been the BOJ’s fight against deflation.
The Japanese economy, the 2nd largest in the world, accounts for 7.1% Global World GDP, at US$4.6 triliion and a per capita income of approximately US$33,550 (World Bank 2006). As a result of globalisation, literacy levels are at 99% and the general living standards of the
1. In your opinion, what are the reasons for the Japanese “economic miracle” that has occurred since World War II?
Nevertheless, in the past two decades, Japan didn’t experience the rapid economic growth unlike Taiwan and Korea. The major findings on economic growth roadblocks and catalysts in these three countries could be concluded as following: (1) High investment to GDP ratio augmented economic growth in Japan while did not drive the growth in Korea and Taiwan due to inefficient allocation. (2) Korea and Taiwan economic growth derived from real export growth. (3) The finance-aggregate had negative impact on Japan and Korea while had