Investigating the Reactions Between Polyvinyl Alcohol and Borax in Making a Rubber Ball

Again, label 7 1.5ml tubes 0 thru 6. Place 15μl of each serially diluted extract into its corresponding labeled tube. Next add 465μl of media into each tube. Then 60μl of Alamar blue in each tube. Finally add an additional 60μl of cells (adjusted to 10,000 cells/20 μl). Vortex each tube for 5 seconds. Now, take 3 different samples 190μl samples of concentration 0 and put it in Wells A2, B2, and C2. Repeat this step again by taking 3 more different 190μl samples of concentration 1 and putting it in wells A3, B3, C3. It should be noted that it is important to vortex each 1.5μl tube again be-fore putting it into the 96 well plate. Contin-ue this same procedure consecutively for the re-maining concentrations.

1.) Measure out 20ml out of the water and place it into a glass beaker

Purpose: To learn about the international system of units (SI), to become familiar with common lab equipment and techniques, to gain proficiency in determining volume, mass, length, and temperature of a variety of items using common laboratory measurement devices, to learn to combine units to determine density and concentration, and to use laboratory equipment to create serial dilutions and determine the density and concentration of each dilution.

1) The materials: cup, gummy bear, triple beam balance, water, metric ruler, and pencil were utilized for the experiment.

In 1855, Charles Goodyear invented the first soccer ball made out of rubber. Charles was in jail for debts, but while he was in jail, he asked his wife to bring him rubber, and a rolling pin.There, in his cell, he made his first rubber experiments , kneading and working the gum hour after hour. If rubber was naturally adhesive, he reasoned, why couldn’t a dry powder be mixed in to absorb it’s stickiness? Perhaps the talc-like magnesia powder sold in drugstores? Out of jail, he tried, with promising results. After inventing vulcanized rubber, he invented the first soccer ball.

We can also take into account the factor of temperature difference between the mixture of borax and the crystallized borax which had settled on the bottom of the 100mL beaker. From what I have gathered during this experiment, crystallized borax was warmer than the solution above it. This is something that could greatly vary the results of an experiment as we could have pipetted 5mL of what we believed was 45*C solution but in actuality could have been much different due to incorrect temperature measurement.

The purpose of this experiment is to familiarize oneself with the general procedures determining a partition coefficient at the microscale level and learn in weighing milligram quantities of materials on an electronic balance, the use of automatic pipets, the use of transfer pipet, and the use of a vortex mixer. Also, to familiarize oneself with extraction

Procedure: I used a ruler, thermometer, and scale to take measurements. I used a graduated cylinder, short step pipet, scale, and ruler to determine volume and density. I used a volumetric flask, graduated pipet, pipet bulb, scale, and glass beaker to determine concentrations and densities of various dilutions.

After all materials were gathered, we then had to do five different tests to determine what the powder material does. The first test was to see what the powder materials do in water. We had to add a scoop of each of the common powders to an

2. Inspected two Erlenmeyer flasks and scoopula for cracks or contamination and cut 25 pieces of magnesium metal ribbon into 2 (+/- ?) cm.

In a test tube, 0.5mL of the sample will be added with 0.5 mL of water and shaken vigorously. Take note for its solubility by parts (0.5mL is one part). Keep adding parts of the solvent until the sample is soluble. If not, add until ten parts of the solvent and determine its solubility. To separate test tubes, water will be replaced with ethanol, chloroform, ether, and acetone as solvents. Same procedures were

Discussion As part of the experiment, the percent composition of each component of the mixture was calculated. 51% of the components were retrieved from filtration while 49% of the solvents were retrieved from dissolving the components in a solvent. The original mixture was one globular solid-like structure.

Introduction The objective for the “Mixed Substances” lab was to see how properties of an individual substance compare with properties of mixed substances. Before creating a hypothesis or even continuing the lab I had to research what a mixture is, what a homogeneous mixture is, and what a heterogeneous mixture is. A mixture is the combination of two or more substances that are mixed together physically; but, do not combine chemically. A homogeneous mixture is uniform in structure and composition throughout a substance.

Studies reveal that more than 80,000 chemicals are being used in producing commercial goods ranging from water bottles, toys to contact lenses. These chemicals find their way into human bodies through different means such as food, air, dust and water. Even though found in trace amounts, they pose serious risk to normal functioning of a human being. One of such chemicals is Bisphenol A (BPA) which is found in more than 90 % of the Americans [7].

3. Afterwards, pour 20 ml of starch into two beakers. Both beakers should have 20 ml of starch.