THE INVASION OF CANADA 2
THE INVASION OF CANADA 8
The Invasion of Canada
SFC Paul Gilbert
Class 16-003
Strength Maintenance Training Center
SFC Rory Nelor
February 28, 2016
Running head: THE INVASION OF CANADA 1
The Invasion of Canada
In 1775 the newly form Conteintal Army during the American Revolutionary War began a military strategic plan to gain military control of the British Province of Quebec (known as modern day Canada). The objective of the campaign was to convince the French Canadians and local Indian tribes to commit and join the American Colonies against the British.
Setting the Stage
In 1775, the battle of Lexington and Concord began the American Revolutionary War. The colonists were at a standstill, with the British Army at the siege of Boston. During the month of May 1775, under light defenses and heavy weapons along the British Fort Ticonderoga, General Benedict Arnold and Major General Ethan Allen commanded a force of colonial militia to captured Fort Ticonderoga. Fort Ticonderoga was located on Lake Champlain in northeast New York; it was a vital access point to Canada and the Hudson River Valley.
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The meeting was to be held in May 1775, the message sent by letter dated October 26, 1774. Congress second attempt to contact the French-Canadians resulted in no response. Following the victory of Ticonderoga, General Arnold and Major General Allen made a decision to maintain Fort Ticonderoga as a defensive point against the British forces. The British strategically wanted to militarily divide the colonies. It was also known that Quebec was militarily poorly
was that Howe died so it made the British really displeased. As the first rebel victory of the Revolutionary War, the Battle of Fort Ticonderoga served as a morale booster and provided key artillery for the Continental Army in that first year of war. Cannons captured at Fort Ticonderoga would be used during the successful Siege of Boston the following spring. Because of its location, the fort would also serve as a staging ground for Continental troops before their planned invasion of British-held territory in Canada. 1785 Fort Ticonderoga became the property of the State of New York. The battle of fort ticonderoga was big and bloody and one person that helped a lot got killed in the battle and that person was
In order to come to an alternative outcome, one must first address the instructional letter sent from General Gage to General Carleton after the battles at Lexington and Concord. The letter took far too long to get to General Carleton. General Gage had credible human intelligence suggesting that the colonists wanted to take Fort Ticonderoga. While one understands that one must use the chain of command, one would think the immediacy of the letter was far more important and should have gone directly to Fort Ticonderoga, instead of the 10 – day long ride to Montreal. And even if that was not proper protocol, General Gage could have at least sent an advisor with knowledge of surveillance techniques to Fort Ticonderoga to aid in their post and give better forewarning of a potential attack.
When news of the Battle of Lexington reached him, he mobilized his company and marched to Cambridge. Once he was there, he offered to capture Fort Ticonderoga. As a result, he was made a Massachusetts colonel. On the way to Fort Ticonderoga, he encountered Ethan Allen and a small force of Vermont’s “Green Mountain Boys”. On May 10th, 1775, they captured Fort Ticonderoga and transported the fort’s cannons to Washington. Eight days later, he captured Fort St.
Like acknowledged in the title, the Battle of Quebec is the first major defeat of the Americans in the Revolutionary War. So many unfortunate things happen to the Patriots, which includes the death of General Richard Montgomery, the wounding of Colonel Benedict Arnold, and the capturing of over four hundred soldiers. In the beginning, Montreal is captured by General Richard Montgomery and his troops. Meanwhile, Arnold’s troops travels through Maine, and, when they arrive, they, by messenger, attempt to extract surrender from the city of Quebec but unfortunately fail. After this, their lengthy trek results in a lack and short supply of many necessities, like soldiers, artillery, and ammunition, along with food and drink. Therefore, they
Prior to the American Revolution, Benedict Arnold was a captain in the Governor's Second Company of Guards. When hearing about the battles of Lexington and Concord, Arnold and his men became eager for action. They marched off to Cambridge to ask for the commission of the Massachusetts Committee of Safety to capture Fort Ticonderoga. Along the way, Arnold’s group met up with Ethan Allen and his Green Mountain Boys. Arnold and Allen disputed about who was in total command but Arnold’s attempt to take command was futile so he accompanied the Green Mountain Boys with Allen as leader. On May 10th, the two groups successfully captured the fort by surprising the British Garrison.
In 1775 the Revolution, Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold made it clear Fort Ticonderoga, an easy target for American rebels. From 1775-1776, Colonel Henry Knox, transported over 60 tons of military supplies that included, 59 artillery pieces from Fort Ticonderoga to Boston. Fort Ticonderoga had cannons that were on Dorchester Heights, a commanding view on Boston. In 1776 The British defeated the American navy the Battle of Valcour Island. The last event was in 1777 and it was moving cannons up Mount Defiance.
The Battles of Lexington and Concord were the start of the American Revolution. The battles were fought on April 19, 1775 when an armed militia of patriots in Lexington, called the Minutemen because they supposedly could assemble in a minute, awaited the British army who marched to Lexington to capture John Hancock and Samuel Adams, two revolutionary leaders. The British heavily outnumbered the colonists. The two sides were not yet fighting when a single gunshot was fired. To this day, no one knows which side fired the first shot, but the battles that day caused the beginning of military violence between Great Britain and the American Colonists.
When the war broke out in June of 1812, the American forces began preparing for the invasion of Canada but things did not go well at the outset. That is, by August, Brigadier General William Hull was forced to surrender Detroit to British Major General Isaac Brock (Hickman,
Short on rations, the main forces crossed the current boarder of Canada on October 25th and traveled down Chaudiere River. The group reached the opposite end of Quebec, Point Levis, on Novemeber 9th. On the 14th Arnold crossed St.Lawerence River with the remaining forces. The battle of Quebec occured on December 31st and the Continental Army became a disasterous for the Americans. Though they kept the city during the winter, the campiange in Canada failed. The British took the city and the army fell back (Maine )
They thought conquering Canada would be easy because there were 300,000 Canadians and nearly 8 million Americans. President Jefferson wrote to Madison that to take over Canada would be as easy as just marching the military north (Shi and Tindall 327). There was a plan to attack Canada from three directions; one was to take Montreal, the other Upper Canada, and lastly, the other one was to move east going to Upper Canada. Madison’s plan was that these attacks would happen all at the same time so that British troops would be occupied and split. Although it sounded like a great detailed plan, it was a complete disaster. The Americans could not even make up for one army because there were not many soldiers. The bad news is that on July 2, 1812, General William Hull marched to Canada and told them that he would free them from tyranny and oppression, but surprisingly Canadians did not want to be free. The British played Hull and attacked him and his troops with thousands of Indian warriors. William Hull surrendered his army, Madison and the Republicans felt humiliated (Shi and Tindall
As time goes on, some countries become more relevant in the global sphere while others start to fade away. Canada is a country that only becomes more relevant as time goes on. Since being granted full sovereignty, Canada has had a growing role as a major world player. Much of their international growth has to do with its close ties to the United States and the United Kingdom. However, the country has also undergone huge change and refocusing on a domestic level. With influence from both Europe and the United States, Canada has a very unique system of governing. This paper will focus on a few major areas of Canada. It will look into the history of Canada, the structure of its government, its politics, and many of the major issues it faces today.
The article “Race and Recruitment In World War 1: Enlistment of Visible Minorities in the Canadian Expeditionary Force*” Written by author James W. ST G. Walker that can be found in the Canadian Historial Review (March 1989 Edition) discusses the discrimination against minorities during World War 1. Outlining the events from 1914 through 1917 that depict this injustice against visible minorities. It gives a detailed view of changing attitutudes of government and recruiting officials towards visible minorities and their position and value to the war efffort. James W. ST G. Walker goes about trying to prove that while World War 1 may have been a step forward for both women and Eastern Europe it was
In the early 1800’s Britain has been using impressment on our American sailors and escaped ex British sailors they also have been putting them in the British navy. Josiah Quincy “a federalist” was a man who did not agree with waging war with Britain. In his speech he said “ for what purpose to invade Canada? For territory? No. You have enough of that. Citizens refugees? No. you would be willing to dispense with them. Plunder? This is the only hope an invitation of Canada can offer you.”(Quincy) This shows that there would be nothing to gain from invading Canada. The only thing you can get from invading Canada would be adding to the national debt. Some might argue that we are losing pride by not taking up arms and fighting the British. However
Today Canada and the United States are major trading partners, allies, and two neighboring countries with a long history of cooperation with each other. But is it possible for Canada to protect its independence and culture living next door to the country so powerful and rich as the United States. Since the Canadian confederation, Canada started developing relations with the U.S. As the years passed by, Canada began to relay on the United States in the national defense. Many Canadians think that the military, political and economical dependence would not make a difference to their daily life. But today more then even Canadian culture is affected by the American influence. Media, American artists,
In July 1758, the British won their first major victory at Louisbourg, near the mouth of the St. Lawrence River. Within a month, they took Fort Frontenac at the western end of the river. Then they arrived at Quebec, where General James Wolfe won another important victory in the Plains of Abraham in September 1759. However, both he and the French commander, the Marquis de Montcalm, died soon after the battle. When the British captured Montreal in September 1760, the French lost their last foothold in Canada. Soon, Spain decided to help France fight against England, and throughout the rest of the war Britain focused on capturing French and Spanish territories in other places throughout the world. The cost of funding the war was so massive that the ensuing debt nearly destroyed the British government. This debt caused most of the grievances between the British and the colonists, eventually leading to the Revolutionary War.