Intimate Partner Violence Paper

Throughout the world, we hear many stories about individuals being victimized, and individuals who have are the perpetrators. Also, many of these news segments are based off of headed situations between intimate relationships. Many relationships become this way because of stress about work, paying bills, past circumstances, and much more. There are many micro and macro level risk factors that pertain to victims (prior history of intimate partner violence, female sex, and youth), and perpetration (anger issues, low self-esteem, low income, and depression). “These factors are some of the very important factors that shape victimization and perpetration in intimate partner violence” (Seccombe, 2015, p.318).

Summary: This Article evaluates the violence and abuse conducted by police officers towards their intimate partners (Goodmark 1188). Studies show that there is a brief connect toward police officers public and private lives. Interpersonal violence of off-duty officers has been an issue throughout the country for many years. Due to the amount of training police officers receive they are seen to be more dangerous and violent towards their significant others than the average individual and are more likely to be abusive. Research used the National Police Misconduct Project, in which lists the number of incidents of intimate partner abuse conducted by police officers in various jurisdictions ranging from Washington to Virginia. Other research relied on self-reports of the abused. The article shows many examples of police violence and abuse where police officers physically or verbally assault their partners. Regarding two cases in Baltimore of 2013 two police officers killed their partners and then subsequently killed themselves shortly after.

Domestic violence, alternatively referred to as Intimate Partner Violence, is defined by the Department of Justice as “a pattern of abusive behavior in any relationship that is used by one partner to gain or maintain power and control over another intimate partner.” While domestic violence is commonly thought of as only physical or sexual abuse, domestic violence can also be emotional, economic, or psychological. Domestic violence has remained constant in society throughout history, even though over time society’s response to the issue has changed. While domestic violence affects everyone regardless of race, gender, age, etc. it is estimated that approximately 90% of all victims are women. For the purpose of this paper, I will be focusing on

Domestic violence exists everywhere and affects all people regardless of socioeconomic status, sexual orientation, sex, ethnicity, or religion. Most times physical violence is accompanied by emotional abuse and controlling behaviors. The result of domestic violence includes physical injury, psychological issues, and death. Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) occurs in 1 of 4 women in the United States and can be correlated with a loss of emotional, social, physical and mental health. Intimate Partner Violence is an issue that does not receive a lot of recognition and is overlooked majority of the time. There is a lot of information on women in intimate partner violence relationships that explains how it affects women physically, mentally, and socially.

Intimate Partner Violence has affects individuals from all Backgrounds, Genders, and Socio economic statuses (Women Against Abuse, 2012). Therefore, Intimate Partner violence may and can overlaps with poverty, homelessness, and job instability that suggestively limits victim’s abilities to escape abuse (Women Against Abuse, 2012). There is lack of housing which has widely spread poverty and high rates of community violence (Women Against Abuse, 2012). This; of course, has resulted in impossible difficulties for adults seeking long-time and sustainable safe living situations. These individuals who have experience Intimate Partner Violence are likely to experience under or unemployment due to the cycle of power and control implicated in Intimate Partner Violence dynamics (Women Against Abuse, 2012).

The hypothesis of this study was that as social class decreases, incidents of intimate partner violence would increase, and that people who have received a college education are more likely to be victims than those who did not. The social class aspect of the hypothesis was supported by data, but the part of this research on education and its correlation to sexual violence was disproven by the results of this study. In regards to social class, I hypothesized that women in upper classes are less likely than those in lower classes to be victims of intimate partner violence. I reached this hypothesis because money affects the way that people are treated.

The model demonstrates the interaction ‘between individual, relationship, community and societal factors’ (CDC, 2015). The first level identifies individual factors which can increase the likelihood to become a victim or a perpetrator. Individual factors can be; the age, low level of education, but also violent childhood, sexual abuse in childhood as well as alcohol and drugs and personality disorders (CDC, 2015 and WHO ,2012, p.4).The second level of the model describes the relationship factors; this can be conflicts in the partnership such as displeasure or the women has a higher education as her partner which leads to /or increase low self-esteem by the male partner but also economic inequalities can be crucial ( CDC,2015 and WHO ,2012, p.4).The third and fourth level ( community and societal factors) developed through diverse studies with regard to intimidate partner violence and demonstrates the influences of environment such as poverty, social acceptance of violence, belief of gender role and misconstruction of norms, such as the man has the right to discipline the women or the women deserves punishment ,but also low social and economic status are determined ( CDC ,2015 and WHO ,2012, p.4).Studies occupy that intimate partner violence has massively physical and psychosomatically consequences to the victims. Moreover, other pathways such as chronic sicknesses such as depressions, phobias and other disease can arise. Accordingly, to the WHO (2012) and FRA (2012) survey, women who experienced domestic violence have a higher risk to commit suicide compared with women in a non-abusive relationship. In addition, violence can lead to reproductive health consequences such as abortion, unwanted pregnancies, miscarriages and negative sexual behaviour. Above all, evidence shows that also the

In the United States, approximately 1.5 million women report some form of intimate partner violence (IPV) each year and of those an estimated 324,000 are pregnant (Deshpande & Lewis-O'Connor, 2013). According to Deshpande and Lewis-O’Connor (2013), IPV is defined as abuse that may be actual or threatened by an intimate partner that can be physical, sexual, psychological, or emotional in nature. It is important for health care providers to realize IPV does not only include physical or sexual abuse but also includes name calling, financial control, constant criticism, and isolating women away from their families and friends (Deshpande & Lewis-O'Connor, 2013; Smith, 2008). There are 3 phases of abuse tension building

“Intimate partner violence” (IPV) not only includes spousal abuse (as does “domestic violence”), but also extends to unmarried, cohabiting, and same-sex couples. Moreover, IPV, is also not restricted to physical abuse; threats of physical abuse, or sexual abuse, and emotional abuse are all considered different forms of intimate partner violence. Intimate partner violence is a major public health concern in the United States that often results in terrible consequences for victims, families, and communities at large. According to the CDC, “[i]n an average minute, about 24 people are victims of rape, physical violence, or stalking by an intimate partner”. Furthermore, The Federal Bureau of Investigation estimates that intimate partners

Domestic violence (DV) is a social problem that plagues the United States (US). Although both men and women experience abuse, each year, approximately five million women experience some form of intimate partner violence (IPV) (Griffin-Burke, Mahoney, Gielen, McDonnell, & O'Campo, 2009). Furthermore, IPV crosses all socioeconomic positions and is associated with factors such as, alcohol and drug dependence, mental health, and environmental stressors. The relationship between the individual and the environment, that is, how they mutually influence each other, determines an outcome (Green & McDermott, 2010). In other words, one can be a chief financial officer for a billion dollar company or a

As stated beforehand, domestic violence can occur by anybody regardless of many different classifications, including socioeconomic status. This paper will focus on domestic violence happening due to socioeconomic status, and will tackle occurrences in both wealthy households and poorer households. Socioeconomic status is often measured as a combination of education, income, and occupation. Commonly, socioeconomic status is conceptualized as the social standing of an individual or group. This status can determine one’s privilege, power, and control over others. It affects overall human functioning,

The authors of this article complete research using data from a national survey and data from the U.S. Census to compare the intersection of the economic profile of a household and the level of disadvantage in a neighborhood and their impact on intimate partner violence in the household. The article compares the major differences in their study as opposed to the focus among others; the major difference is that this focus allows the researchers to go beyond individual factors and instead tries

There are different reasons and outcomes that come from Intimate Partner Violence. A percentage of the danger components for Intimate Partner Violence are the same and others are typically connected with each other. Concurring to National Institute of Justice, one in five ladies are murdered or seriously harmed by an intimate partner. The deadly or life-debilitating occurrence is ordinarily the first physical brutality that is experienced from their partner (Block, 2003). Ladies who get to be parents at an early age will probably be the casualties of IPV than ladies who get to be mothers at a later age.

The primary types of violence that women experience are those that are perpetrated by a husband or an intimate male partner (Levitt, Swanger, & Butler, 2008, p. 435; WHO, 2010). Intimate partner violence (IPV) includes physical and emotional abuse, forced intercourse or sexually degrading acts, and various controlling behaviors, such as isolation from family and friends and restriction from economic independence. These different types of abuse, in most cases, coincide over extended periods of time (WHO, 2010).

Domestic violence is a social issue that is affected by many women worldwide. Domestic violence against females occurs globally amongst culture, religion, and ethnicity. Domestic violence is one of the most unreported crimes due to fear, helplessness, and shame. There are many stressors that causes a person causes a person to be become cruel to their partners or show them a different side of them. These stressors includes: financial stress, jealousy, or needing control. The World Health Organization reports that the proportion of women who had ever experienced physical or sexual violence or both by an intimate partner ranged from 15% to 71%, the majority between 29% and 62% (WHO, 2002). These statistics shows that domestic violence