Integration Is A Dynamic Process

Germany was split into zones of occupation and the Cold War was brewing. For these reasons and many more, certain officials wanted to create a better sense of unity in Europe. In 1957, with the Treaty of Rome, the European Economic Committee (EEC) was formed. Officials

Despite a blistering cold war between east and west Europe in the 1950’s, including the violent suppression of anti-communist protests in 1956 Hungary, the six founders of the ECSC reconvened in 1957 and signed the Treaty of Rome, which created the European Economic Community, or the “Common Market”.

After the bloodshed and devastation of the ww2 the unity of Europe was needed more than ever people were broken and needed hope of a better world without hatred and war. Through the actions of a few brave statesmen, who include Winston Churchill, Robert Schuman, Konrad Adenauer and Alcide de Gasperi they came to set a goal, and that was for the unification of Europe. The aims were to achieve political goals through economic cooperation and to have the industries that were destroyed and countries bankrupted from ww2, thriving once again. In 1950 Robert Schuman, with an idea originally conceived by Jean Monnet proposed that a European Coal and Steel community to be established under a common high authority. After the Second World War tensions were high between The Soviet Union and the US, the capitalists led by the US the communists by the Soviet Union, a

The Union initially developed from the European Coal and Steel Community Treaty by the founding countries which was signed in Paris in 1951. It was created for the free movement of coal and steel among countries with the free access to sources of production. The Treaty expired on 23rd of July 2002 (Europa.eu, 2010). This Treaty was very successful as it created better relationships between member countries, which lead the countries to sign the Treaty of Rome on the 25th of March 1957. The Treaty of Rome

1955 saw the start of the Western European Union and talks began at Messina about a European Economic Community, the EEC. Britain maintained a strong opinion when referring to Europe and the EEC. This being scepticism, Britain didn’t take these plans very seriously. Such feelings were clearly displayed, when Britain didn’t even send an Ambassador to the Messina Conference. Instead, in keeping with their, thus far sceptical approach, only an observer was sent on the British behalf, rather than Foreign Sectary of State Harold MacMillan. Britain’s feelings hadn’t changed by 1957 when the Treaty of Rome, which created the EEC, which was signed by the six. Italy, France, Western Germany and the Benelux countries, but not by Britain.

Karen A. Mingst in her book "Essentials of International Relations" gives a definition "European Union (EU) is a union of twenty-five European States, formerly the European Economic Community; designed originally during the 1950s for economic integration, but since expanded into a closer political and economic union."1 In 1951, the European Union initially called the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) formed as a pact between six countries (Belgium, West Germany, Luxembourg, France, Italy and the Netherlands), in order to obtain economic and political corporation. Originally concerned with coal and steel, the states hoped to ensure a serene outlook for Europe.2 The European Union has expanded to include a wide range of

Schuman plan was a proposal by French foreign minister Robert Schuman on May 9, 1950. It was for the single authority to be able to control the production of steel and coal in France and West Germany. The plain laid foundations for the 1958 establishment of the European Economic Community after the proposal were realized in the European Coal and Steel Community. The Schuman Declaration of May 1950 was a legal proposal to create a new form of organization of states in Europe called supranational community. After the Second World War, a conflict that had nearly destroyed the continent and

On August 11, 1952, the United States became the first non-member country to provide international recognition to the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), the precursor to today’s European Union.

With the internal changes underway, 1993 saw the EU ready to start accession negotiations with the Central and Eastern European Countries (referred from now on as CEEC). The Copenhagen European Council summit in June 1993 stated that ‘the associated countries in central and eastern Europe that so desire shall become members of the European Union.’ (Conclusion of the European Council, 1993). This was a welcomed affirmation for the candidates, but the ‘’long and complicated road to membership’’ (Van Den Broek, 1998; Gower, 1999.; Phinnemore, 1999.) was far from over.

After The Second World War, Europe was on the brink as it was in a state of total ruin, both economically and politically. Europe was involved in two World Wars in only fifty years, there was a massive need to achieve lasting peace as well as economic stability, this however would be difficult to achieve. The first major step was taken in 1951, when the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was established. It was the chain of events leading from the ECSC that would be the first steps in molding today’s European Union. Throughout this period the “European” project was erratic and underwent quick development at certain times, and at others came to a grinding halt. The culminations of the larger moves seen in the sculpting of Europe were the main factors in the formation of the Europe that is seen today. Arguably the most important milestone is the, Treaty of Maastricht (1992).

Besides creating a third block between the United States and the Soviet Union, European cooperation brought a possible solution to the German question. Central to European integration, according to the founding fathers, was creating a political identity over an economic one. But, it took until the 1970’s to establish a formal political forum that connected European nations together, almost twenty years after the creation of the ECSC. Monnet argues that efforts for political cooperation failed before the 1970’s, naming the European Defense Community (EDC) as an example. The EDC was a response to deal with the possible German rearmament in the

The idea of creating a unified Europe were in the minds of many European writers, Intellectuals, philosophers of the last centuries, such as, Immanuel Kant, Aristide Briand and Victor Hugo (The French author) who wrote in 1849: A day will arrive, where all nations of this continent will come together closely and create a higher community and big European brotherhood and there will be no other battlefields than the markets, which open for trade. However, On the 9 May 1950 after the Second World War, the French Foreign Minister Robert Schuman, upon advice of his advisor Jean Monnet, proposed integrating the coal and steel industries of Western Europe to make another world war impossible also to help Europe countries to promote independence and economy. The idea accepted by Germany along with four other countries Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg and the Netherlands. Therefore, they signed the Treaty of Paris (1951) and established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). In 1952, the Pleven plan followed by the six members and created European Defence Community (EDC) in fear of domination of Europe by the Soviet Union and its strict control over the countries of eastern Europe. Thus, it became increasingly important for the Countries of Western Europe to integrate politically and economically among themselves. In particular, European Union (EU) is a political and economic partnership that represents a unique form of cooperation among 28 member states which has been built through

After the two World Wars the European countries started to unite themselves, the main aim being to end the frequent wars and secure peace between the nations. In 1950 the European Coal and Steam community started to unify politically and economically the European countries for the purpose of bringing lasting peace.

After the Second World War, Europe felt exhausted from war, destruction, and starvation and also felt that war can be prevented through negotiations. They believed that trading could help European to prevent war conflict by joining or cooperate with each other through trade so that all countries would gain benefits from trade whether more or less. It also believed that by setting up the community it could prevent threats from communism. In 1952, the European Coal and Steel Community was established which supported by the Inner Six countries in Europe that are Belgium, France, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, West Germany, which is later on developed to European Union that signed in the treaty of Lisbon and came to force in 2009, which includes

The European Union played a very important role in transforming post-communist countries into democratic states with functioning market economies and the rule of law. The massive transfer of institutional and legal know-how from member