Inflation is assumed
Chapter 1
True / False Questions 1. Inflation is assumed to be a temporary problem that does not affect financial decisions.
FALSE
2. Financial Capital is composed of long-term plant and equipment, as well as other tangible investments.
FALSE
3. Real Capital is composed of long-term plant and equipment.
TRUE
4. During the 1930s, financial practice revolved around such topics as the preservation of capital, maintenance of liquidity, reorganization of financially troubled corporations and bankruptcy.
TRUE
5. In the mid 1950s, finance began to change to a more analytical, decision-oriented approach.
TRUE
6. Recently, the emphasis of financial management has been on the
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TRUE
32. Financial management requires both short-term activities as well as long-term planning such as raising funds.
TRUE
Multiple Choice Questions 33. What is the primary goal of financial management?
A. Increased earnings
B. Maximizing cash flow
C. Maximizing shareholder wealth
D. Minimizing risk of the firm
34. In the past, the study of finance has included
A. mergers and acquisitions.
B. raising capital.
C. bankruptcy.
D. all of these.
35. Professor Merton Miller received the Nobel prize in economics for his work on
A. dividend policy.
B. investment theory.
C. working capital management.
D. capital structure theory.
36. Professors Harry Markowitz and William Sharpe received their Nobel prize in economics for their contributions to the
A. options pricing model.
B. theories of working capital management.
C. theories of risk-return and portfolio theory.
D. theories of international capital budgeting.
37. Proper risk-return management means that
A. the firm should take as few risks as possible.
B. the firm must determine an appropriate trade-off between risk and return.
C. the firm should earn the highest return possible.
D. the firm should value future profits more highly than current profits.
38. One of the major disadvantages of a sole proprietorship is
A. that there is unlimited liability to the owner.
B. the simplicity of decision making.
C. low
In the 1930’s a whole new nightmare had occured. The Great Depression into play losing all their money. During this economic crisis a lot of things happened, some even tried to solve these predicaments.
It is nearly impossible to discus the economic situation of the 1930’s without discussing one of the major things that occurred during it: Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal. The New Deal was put together by Roosevelt in order to satisfy the three R’s; Relieve, Recover and Reform. In doing so, he hoped to bring an end to the great depression. The new deal did not come in one form though. It took on the forms of many separate programs attempting to satisfy relief, recovery or reform. A few of the most notable programs were FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation), the CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps), and the PWA (Public Works Association). The New deal did not satisfy each of the three R’s even though. Many of the programs
Life socially in the 1930’s was particularly vigorous. Everyone slowly stopped buying excess goods that they did not need. The extra money was spent to pay off buy-here pay-later loans or invested into the Stock Market. Although the nation did not know the uncertainty of the
In the 1920s, the wealthiest one percent owned more than a third of American valuables. When stock speculator was a prominent practice, banks lent money to investors to buy stock. Nearly $4.00 out of every $10.00 borrowed from the banks was used to buy stock. The average income of the American family dropped by 40 percent from 1929 to 1932 and income fell from $2,300 to $1,500 per year. During the 1930s, manufacturing employees earned about $17 per week, doctors earned $61 per week. The stock market didn't return to pre-depression levels until 1954. The commercial crisis of the 1930s is one of the most considered periods of American history. Scholars have studied the economic calamity from all angles and amassed an immense collection of facts about the depression. There are still some products and sayings we use today have their roots in the Great
The 1930s brought a very turbulent time to the United States. As a result of the Stock Market Crash of 1929, the nation was experiencing a severe depression. There were hard class divisions dividing the nation. People were either extremely rich or extremely poor. The middle class simply did not exist (Bondi 97). On March 4, 1933 Franklin Delano Roosevelt took office with the promise of hope and relief for struggling Americans. Roosevelt followed up his promise for help with the New Deal, his plan to combat the depression. The New Deal involved the three R’s: relief, recovery and reform. It included measures concerning banking, securities, industry, and agriculture (Bondi 97).
Capital - Money used by entrepreneurs and businesses to buy what they need to make their products or provide their services. This refers to the funds provided by lenders (and investors) to businesses to purchase real capital equipment for producing goods/services.
Reform- These reform ‘programs’ all focused directly on methods for ensuring that the depressions, such as the ones in 1930s would never again, which had recently affected the American society. All of these programs tended to focus on the management of money from the stock market and the banking of an individual citizen. Such as the Securities and Exchange COmmission, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and Social Security Administration.
The 1930s, the period of the Great Depression is perhaps the most unstable financial time in United States history. The decade where more than 40 percent of nation’s banks disappeared crippled the economy for years and caused the Senate to pass the Glass-Steagall Act (part of the U.S. Banking Act of 1933). The main purpose of the legislation was to separate commercial and investment banking, limiting commercial banks’ securities and activities within commercial banks and securities firms and to restore confidence in the U.S. banking system. For the next 30 or so years, there was a substantial government safety net and government played a huge role regulating the economy and maintaining the aggregate demand through fiscal and monetary policies. (Arthur MacEwan. “Inequality, Power, and Ideology: Understanding the Causes of the Current Economic Crisis.” Real World Macro, Economic Affairs Bureau, Inc. November 2012.)
How would it feel if you were in a state of starvation because you were forced not to work? Would you think it’s fair? The British imperialized India in the 18th century. They prevented Indians from making products that will compete with British manufacturing, took rights away from Indians, controlled their government, and put India in a famine state. The effects of the British imperializing India had negative impacts on India because it sent India into a state of poverty and religious violence.
Ronald Reagan once said, “ In a world wracked by hatred, economic crisis, and political tension, America remains mankind's best hope.”America may be mankind’s best hope, but will it remain that way? America is the beacon for freedom and equality, but with the recent election, it may difficult for us to remain a country full of diversity and hope. In order for the United States economy to prosper, the government must control inflation rates, raise employment rates, and change the current income inequality ratio.
Financial Management: “The process for and the analysis of making financial decisions in the business context.” (Cornett, Adair, & Nofsinger, 2016, p. 5).
The United States was forever changed during the 1930s. The United States had just come out of a period of unprecedented wealth. Farmers had abundance of crops, many were investing all of their paycheck into the stock market, and banking-business practices had not changed since the Industrial Era. Many of these factors contributed to the Great Depression. Americans felt as if they were immune to any economic downturn; however by 1932, one in four American “breadwinners” were out of work. On October 24th, 1929, the United States stock market crashed, setting the stage for the worst economic decline the US has ever seen, changing us as a society.
Two years later, economists Paul Samuelson and Robert Solow, who adhere to the Keynesian school of economics, also published an article, showing the same
Hence, the tasks involved in Financial Management include: Ø Analysing financial needs Ø Forecasting financial needs Ø Managing working capital Ø Planning capital structures Ø Organising financial operations Ø Monitoring and controlling finances etc. In fact raising funds and allocating funds for business are the two prime financial management tasks.
The Center for Disease Control describes vaccines as the greatest development in public health since clean drinking water. For several decades, vaccines have saved countless lives and helped eradicate some fatal diseases. The push to do away with vaccines will not only endanger our youth, but our society as a whole. Vaccination is needed to maintain a healthy balance within our country. Vaccines provide the immunity that comes from a natural infection without the consequences of a natural infection. Vaccinations save an ever-growing amount of lives every year. The Center for Disease Control (CDC) estimated that 732,000 American children were saved from death and 322 million cases of childhood illnesses were prevented between 1994 and 2014 due to vaccination (“Vaccine ProCon”).