China’s economic reform in 1978 completely changed China’s economic and political state. Just under four decades later, now the second largest economy in the world, China’s international role has completely shifted. Much like Western nations expanded outwards in the 19th century in search of greater markets for manufactured goods, and for new sources of raw materials, China has also begun to expand their global influence. The African continent in particular has been a prominent focus of Chinese expansion, providing both a large market for Chinese goods, and a wealth of yet-untapped raw materials. Through mass immigration, heavily subsidised companies, CCP (Chinese Communist Party) funded projects and increased diplomatic ties, China has shown …show more content…
China’s transformation since 1978 is very similar to the change undergone by Europe in the decades following the industrial revolution. Both events transformed the economies of Europe and China respectively, and meant that products could be produced far more efficiently. This resulted in a surplus of products, and shortage of materials. The European solution to dealing with this growth was to seek out new markets in Africa and Asia. Some of these nations, like Ghana and Algeria, were developed by the colonising nation, and had many foreign nationals move there. Others, like the Congo, were extractive colonies, used as a source of materials. China’s imperialism bears aspects of both of these, though it does more closely match the extractive colonies. The Chinese do have a huge number of nationals living in Africa, similar to British and French expats in Ghana and Algeria, respectively. However, China is not implementing a policy of assimilation. Instead, China’s focus is on obtaining resources, and gaining the favor of those who can assist them in doing so. Moeletsi Mbeki, deputy chairman of the South African Institute of International Affairs, confirms this view of China’s role in Africa, stating “Africa sells raw materials to China, and China sells manufactured products to Africa. This is a dangerous equation that reproduces Africa's old relationship with colonial powers”. As stated by Mbeki, Chinese imperialism, if it follows the example set by Western nations like Britain, France and Belgium, has the potential to further damage the African continent. While some nations emerged from colonialism relatively wealthy and prosperous, others, particularly colonies where the focus was solely on heavy resource extraction, saw far worse
Compare and contrast the influence and consequence of European Imperialism on Africa and China during the 19th century.
European Imperialism began because there was a need for natural resources and for new markets to sell European manufactured products. The Industrial Revolution created this need for natural resources, and because of the steadily increasing population in Europe and the limited land, expansion seemed necessary. One of the places Europe expanded was Africa. Africa was a very attractive continent because it had large deposits of natural resources such as gold, diamonds, and rubber. Africa’s people were also very primitive in relation to the Europeans after an Industrial Revolution, which made taking control of them even easier.
• Should Africa be wary of China’s continued investment across the continent? Who stands to benefit from this arrangement, and who stands to suffer?
Before the arrival of western powers, China was very stable, agricultural, and ethnocentric. They had many factories that produced silk, cotton, and porcelain with their natural resources: salt, tin, silver, and iron mines. They had no interest of trade or interaction with foreigners. From the early eighteenth century, European and American Imperialism spread throughout China with a goal to extend their nation’s power. China was one of many territories that undertook the changes of New Imperialism. By 1912, the country was governed by outside nations: Great Britain (mostly), Russia, Germany, France, and Japan. Their influence on China resulted malignantly on the country’s economy, political ties, and lifestyle; in spite of the few
Imperialism, when one country dominates another for its own benefit, is an expansion policy that has reigned for centuries. Over time, imperialism has drastically changed in its magnitude and severity. At the turn of the nineteenth century, a “new,” more aggressive and competitive form of imperialism emerged and completely dismantled the domestic institutions of various developing countries. Africa in the nineteenth century is a prime example of the “new” imperialism in effect. How was Africa affected by imperialism? Who imperialized Africa? What caused African imperialism? How did the international environment affect the domestic institutions of Africa?
Before Europeans further decided to explore and imperialize Qing China, Chinese government and society was strictly conservative in the sense that they were rarely exposed to outside influences. Being considerably isolated from expansion, imperialism, and industrialization in the west, it took the people of China by surprise when suddenly Chinese power began switching between the Western nations, all of whom were fighting for dominance. These Western pressures changed how the Chinese incorporated Europeans into their society, they had to sign unequal treaties and push for reforms while still trying to maintain Chinese tradition. However, being forced to succumb to European power did not completely change their view of foreigners, or stop their
In this picture, the Chinese man seems to be shouting and throwing his arms up to stop the European and Japanese imperialists to stop cutting or slicing into the “pie” of China. England and Germany are fighting each other on which slice is theirs and Russia, France, and Japan are considering on which section to cut. Germany has the knife in the pie, symbolizing Germany’s aggressive inclinations, and the French female puts her hand on Russia’s arm, guiding him on what part to get.
In the fifteenth century, China was one of the most superior global powers. The Confucian principle-adhering administration created an enviable, sophisticated society; no other nation could match it's enormous population (100-130 million), its incredibly fertile lands, or its unified bureaucracy. According to Kennedy, "...the most striking feature of the Chinese civilization must be it's technological precocity" (Kennedy 1). Kennedy was not incorrect making this statement. The nation had vast libraries, due to the invention of printing by movable type being invented in the 1000's in China, an innovation that hastened the book making process and churned out large amounts of books; the creation of paper money expedited the growth of the trade
The expansion of Western imperialism struck many regions across the world, all of which progressed and responded differently. Two specific countries I’m going to compare are China and Egypt. China and Egypt both struggled with Western invasion and influences, resulting in semi-colonization. Semi colonized areas refer to areas that were able to maintain their authentic political leadership, however most of their moral, religious, and cultural diversity was abolished and replaced with new Western ideals (Edgerton-Tarpley lecture, “Experiencing Imperialism,” 10/23/2014). Although both of these countries were bombarded by Western imperialistic ideals, both countries responded
As the Industrial Revolution swept each continent throughout the 17th century, it sparked a new era: Imperialism. Powerful nations sought to expand their reign, and reached out to other countries for trade, raw materials, and even territory. Through the 18th and into the early 19th century, world powers struggled for control. Some prevailed, and some fell victim. Two countries that marked a significant shift in world power are China and Japan.
While Chinese investment is different than when Britain imperialized Ghana, it is still a form of imperialism. Like Britain did in the past, China is taking many of Ghana’s resources and jobs that belong to Ghanaian
During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, China suffered at the hands of their own problems which were further intensified by European interference along with new issues created by western influence to the extent that China suffered mortifying defeats, its empire faced multiple rebellions and a nationalistic revolution occurred. This is because the humiliating defeats China suffered allowed the Europeans to force the Qing rulers into unequal treaties. The now dissipating faith of the Chinese people then resulted in the growth of resentment as they saw the Qing to be incapable in resisting foreign forces, as well as believing them to have lost the 'mandate of heaven'. This idea later grew and developed into multiple rebellions and
In the 2008 WHO Classification of myeloid neoplasms [1], the myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm (MDS/MPN) category are principally characterized by features overlapping between Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) [2]. This category includes the following disease entities: chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), atypical chronic myeloid leukemia, BCR-ABL1 negative (aCML), juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm with ring sideroblasts and thrombocytosis (MDS/MPN-RS-T) and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm, unclassifiable (MDS/MPN, U) (Table 1.). A provisional entity within the MDS/MPN, U group - refractory anemia
In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, European and Western imperialism (British especially) gained foothold in China. The famous political comic entitled “En Chine -- Le gâteau des Rois et... des Empereurs” can be translated as "China -- the cake of kings and... of emperors." The title is a French pun on king cake and how the kings and emperors (and queen and other national figures) are splitting and hope to "consume" China. This 1898 cartoon shows a frantic Qing official watching Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, William II of Russia, the French Marianne, and a samurai of Japan dividing up a pie that reads “Chine” (China is French). This political cartoon is meant to be satirical as it presents primarily unattractive caricatures for the nations involved in the subject of the this famous image -- and that is the major historical event and process of Western imperialism in China in this time period.
People have been misusing words for centuries, and the true meanings for some words seem to have faded away. When words lose their true meanings, the word tends to get thrown around like it is not important. When these words are misused, the right definition may be hard to understand. There can be many definitions for one word causing the word to be used in the wrong context. Misusing words can be very easy to do, but at the same time the word is not hard to use if it is defined correctly.