Impact Of Globalization On The Airline Industry

The sector employs more than 3 million people. Prior to the 1990’s, the air transport industry in Europe had been traditionally highly regulated and dominated by national carriers and state owned airports. Since then a single market for aviation has been created. The single market has seen the removal of all commercial restrictions for airlines flying within Europe. These include restrictions on routes, number of flights and the setting of prices.

Globalisation- Globalisation is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in

In today’s business industry, the globalization process has become an important aspect and fundamental force. The elements that contribute to globalization is the environment, culture, regulation and technology and production. While the advancements globalization has increased greatly, so has the advancements in airline industry with their aircraft (Shevell, 1999). Globalization also provides a great amount of potential profits to nations and their corporations (Button, 2008). Air transportation has evolved into a major industry (Kroo, 1999). The airline industry’s continuously grows and is facilitated through its international investment, tourism, world trade and economic growth (Kroo, 1999).

Globalization in the airline industry may seem to be a natural flow of the business model. However, some companies have a better fit, or culture that lends itself to a smooth and prosperous integration into the global market. In comparing this integration into the global market one might take a historical look at American and Northwest. Both carriers were formed just after World War I, as mail carriers (3,4). Eventually both evolved into passenger carriers. Americans roots are traced to Charles Lindberg and the cities of Chicago and St Louis (4). Northwest also has its roots in Chicago, but their first routes went north to Minneapolis / St Paul (3). Northwest eventually evolved into Northwest-Orient Airlines and expanded its routes into Japan, being the first airline to make a profit in the Asian market without subsides (3). Northwest continued to globalize with their alliance with KLM Airlines and eventual expansion into the Netherlands (3). American, on the other hand, concentrated their growth in the Americas. With an extensive route system into Central and South America (4), American Airlines seems to have centered its expansion in the United States. A possible result of American’s expansion, or lack of expansion outside the U.S., might have reduced the artifacts that could have otherwise further enhanced their global culture mix and thus created a better

The airline business is an industry that is competitive and unique, focussing on consumer choice and the responsiveness of airlines to changes in the external business environment. For any airline, this environment can be very complex as it is ‘hard for them to fully understand and impossible for them to fully control’ (The Times, n.d. p1). Virgin Atlantic is an international airline that is based in the UK. It was started by the entrepreneur Richard Branson in 1982 and now flies to 30 destinations around the world (Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd, 2011). By looking at

Globalisation is the process by which the world is becoming increasingly interconnected as a result of massively increased trade and cultural exchange. Globalisation over the past hundred years has undoubtedly made the world more interconnected including closer societies, politics, economies, cultures and the environment. Globalisation has increased the production of goods and services. There are those who argue that globalisation creates "winners" and "losers," as some countries prosper, mainly European countries and America, whilst other countries fail to do well. For example, USA and Europe fund their own agricultural industries heavily so less economically developed

American airline industry is steadily growing at an extremely strong rate. This growth comes with a number economic and social advantage. This contributes a great deal to the international inventory. The US airline industry is a major economic aspect in both the outcome on other related industries like tourism and manufacturing of aircraft and its own terms of operation. The airline industry is receiving massive media attention unlike other industries through participating and making of government policies. As Hoffman and Bateson (2011) show the major competitors include Southwest Airlines, Delta Airline, and United Airline.

Globalisation is the growth and integration between the economies in different countries for movement of goods and services. Globalisation

Globalisation is a broad term that is often defined in economic factors alone. The Dictionary at merriam-webster.com describes globalisation as “the process of enabling financial markets to operate internationally, largely as a result of deregulation and improved communication.” Also due to deregulation on the financial market, multi-national companies are free to trade and move their businesses to areas where a higher return or profit can be achieved. New technology also enables companies to relocate to areas where labour costs are lower, for instance movement of call centre jobs from the UK to India.

Globalisation can be defined as the movement toward economic, financial, trade, and communications integration by countries and their populations globally. It is a constant process and it has resulted in the intertwining and generalisation of the needs and wants of people

The airline industry is interpreted as being very unstable due to the immediate reaction to tragedies. The airline industry was affected following the September 11th tragedy and it affected other industries indirectly. The airline industry plays a key role in

1) Introduction to airline industry 2) Drivers of globalisation using yip’s model 2.1 Market globalisation 2.2 Cost globalisation 2.3 Globalisation of government policies 2.4 Globalisation of competition 3) Localisation- arguments against globalisation 4) Pestle Analysis 5) Porter’s 5 forces analysis and their application to Airline industry 5.1 Rivalry amongst Existing Firms 5.2 Threat of substitution 5.3 Threat of new entrants 5.4 Power of customers 5.5 Power of buyers 6) Opportunities and Threats of Airline industry 7) Internal analysis of Virgin Airlines: Strengths and Weakness 8) Financial Statics of Virgin Atlantic Airline 9) Strategic Changes of Virgin

The airline industry is governed by a rapidly evolving framework of economic regulation by which many factors, significantly continued liberalisation and open skies, have caused much turbulence and uncertainty in this increasingly low margin market.

Is the process of international integration arising from the interchange of world views, products, ideas, and other aspects of culture. The process by

The domestic airlines industry in the United States has been extremely competitive after it was deregulated in 1978. The intense competition is attributed to the fact that newer more agile carriers with lower cost structures were enabled to compete with established airlines because of the deregulation. In a regulated framework, cost increases in the airlines industry were passed along to consumers through a fixed rate-of-return pricing structure. During this period, the employees of established airlines were overpaid as labor unions obtained more power. Moreover, airlines mainly competed along the lines of service, in-flight movies, and meals because their prices were established by the Civil Aeronautics Board. However, the deregulation contributed to the emergence of an extreme price competition as many carriers reduced their prices significantly through fare promotions. Since then, the airlines industry has become one of the most competitive and profitable sectors in the economy.