Howard Gardner Multiple Intelligence Theory

Howard Gardner was born on July 11, 1943 in Scranton, PA. He enrolled in Harvard University majoring in History but eventually change his major to Cognitive Developmental Psychology. In 1983 he developed the theory of multiple intelligences which has become widely known. Gardner eight different independent types of intelligences are: Linguistic, Logico-mathematical, Spatial, Musical, Bodily-kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal and Naturalist. He believes that everyone has all intelligences to a certain degree, but each individual display his or her own pattern of intelligence, weak or strong.

In “A Rounded Version: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences”, Howard Gardner illustrates how there are a variety of intelligences. Gardner starts off with an example how IQ tests may predict achievement in school but may not predict achievement in life. After finding out certain parts of the brain are responsible for certain functions, such as “Broca’s Area” which is responsible for sentence production, Gardner proposes the existence of multiple intelligences. Multiple studies later led him to propose seven distinct intelligences; Musical, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, linguistic, spatial, interpersonal, and intrapersonal. Each intelligence has certain classifications. According to Gardner’s classifications, I realized my intelligences are bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, and intrapersonal.

Gardner is most known for his work on the theory of Multiple Intelligence that further more we go through the details.

‘‘Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory can be used for curriculum development, planning instruction, selection of course activities, and related assessment strategies. Instruction which is designed to help students develop their strengths can also trigger their confidence to develop areas in which they are not as strong. Students’ multiple learning preferences can be addressed when instruction includes a range of meaningful and appropriate methods, activities, and assessments. Gardner’s early work in psychology and later in human cognition and human potential’ led to the development of the initial six intelligences. Today there are nine intelligences and the possibility of others may eventually expand the list. These intelligences (or competencies) relate to a person’s unique aptitude set of capabilities and ways they might prefer to demonstrate intellectual abilities’’ ( (Armstrong, T., 2010). Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner introduced the theory of multiple intelligences stating that each person possesses a blend of at least eight different kinds of intelligence: verbal/linguistic, logical/mathematical, visual/spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and environmental/naturalistic (Bruno, 2009).

According to Howard Garner (King, 2014), there are nine forms of intelligence: “Verbal-linguistic, Mathematical, Visual-spatial, Musical, Naturalistic, Bodily-kinesthetic, Existentialist, Interpersonal, and

Gardner’s MI Theory was first published in 1983 in Frames of Mind; so his theories have been around for a long time. Gardner’s work pertaining to multiple intelligences has had an insightful impact in the United States on thinking and practices in education (Multiple Intelligences and Education). Using the definition in Think Psychology, “psychology is the scientific study of behavior - overt actions and reactions, and mental processes - covert internal activity in the mind.” The study of psychology and its impact

To start off with Intelligence is defined as your capacity for learning, understanding for learning, and gathering or distribution of information. Howard Gardner’s Theory is based on eight unique theories of how we learn or think. The multiple intelligences are visual-spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, linguistic, naturalistic, and logical-mathematical. The way we learn or the way that works the best for you to understand the information that is given to you. He believed that we are all possess all eight intelligences although we may tend to favor one or two more than the rest, we also may grow and recede throughout our life. Many self-assessment questionnaires are based on this theory. They are known as VAK or VARK questionnaires. Most assesses 3 or 4 out of the 8 learning preferences. (Visual, Auditory, Read/Write.) The MI assessment uses all 8 of the learning preferences. Here is a link to an assessment: http://literacynet.org/mi/assessment/findyourstrengths.html

Gardner, intelligence is 1) The ability to create an effective product or offer a service that is valued in a

Intelligence is often thought of as the measurement of ones IQ or how well an individual performs on a standardized test. In the early 1980’s Howard Gradner proposed that there is more than one type of intelligence, in his book Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences. Gardner proposed that there are eight intelligences, and has suggested the possible addition of a ninth known as "existentialist intelligence". To capture the full range of aptitudes and capacities that an individual possesses, Gardner suggests that people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but has many intelligences including musical, interpersonal, spatial-visual and linguistic intelligences. I utilized an evaluation tool to highlight my personal types

The g factor theory states that there is a basic intelligence and that having excellence in one area of intelligence often correlates with a raised intelligence in another area. The Primary Mental Abilities theory states that there are seven clusters of intelligence: perceptual speed, numerical ability, word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, inductive reasoning, and memory. The Multiple Intelligence Triarchy theory, often the most commonly encountered, states that intelligence

Have you ever wondered what your intelligence is based on Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences theory? Howard Gardner first proposed the Multiple Intelligence theory in 1983 and the theory states that “traditional psychometric views of intelligence are too limited” (“Which type”). Gardner’s theory consists of eight multiple intelligences categorized as visual-spatial, linguistic-verbal, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. Gardner believes that “people do not have just an intellectual capacity, but have many different intelligences” within themselves (“Which type”). Every person learns differently, takes in knowledge differently, and responds differently. No person is the

Howard Gardner recognizes that intelligence is more than the single logical-mathematical processing of stored facts that intelligence tests assess. He views intelligence as problem-solving, problem-creating, and problem-finding across a range of situations. There are a total of eight Multiple Intelligences: Logical-Mathematical, Linguistic, Musical, Spatial, Bodily-Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and lastly, Naturalist Intelligence. These Intelligences allow educators to carefully integrate several content areas within a specific curricula.

In this paper, I will first describe Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences Theory (MI) in detail, then I will explain my reasoning as to why I have chosen Gardner’s theory as the subject for this research analysis, and lastly I will include five suitable methods and strategies for incorporating MI theory into everyday classroom use. The pedagogical approaches listed will contain several procedures that are specific to my future high school history class, and a few general strategies that can be implemented by any educator who chooses to utilize them.

If a teacher is having difficulty reaching a student in the more traditional linguistic or logical ways of instruction, the theory of multiple intelligences suggests several other ways in which the material might be presented to facilitate effective learning.