How Relations between Superpowers Worsened between 1959 and the Summer of 1962

After World War II, only two world superpowers remained: the United States of America and the Soviet Union. The contradictory political regimes of the democratic United States and the communist Soviet Union were believed to be mutually exclusive which increased bitterness between them. Inevitably, the apparent tension between the two superpowers led to the Cold War which lasted about 45 years. It was war without bloodshed or battle, instead it was a metaphorical war where the U.S and the Soviet Union increased their weapons and fought for political influence, one always wanting to excel or maintain within the range of the other. The United States’ desperate need to contain the communist political ideology from spreading any further and meet the Soviet Union’s increased development of nuclear weapons led to the their involvement in the Cold War. The impact the Cold War had on life during the 1950’s and 1960’s can be measured through the creation of the House Un-American

Cuba. The U.S heard about this and issued a quarantine against all ships to Cuba. A quarantine

Christmas, which is on 25th December every year, is a religious event that commemorates the birth of Jesus Christ but it becomes a holiday in many countries, especially western countries where their mainstream religion is Christian. People celebrate Christmas with many traditional rituals, they purchase decorations for houses, gifts giving and have the Christmas dinner with family and friends but the rituals may vary from different countries. Additionally, Christmas is a high consumption season due to the gifts giving culture of traditional activities in western culture and also consumers are offered discounts during the occasion in which Christmas creates ‘the consumption fantasyland’. ‘Consumption satisfices our basic survival needs and the more abstract needs of cultural, social and personal elements that are symbolic of taste, lifestyles and identity’ (Clarke, 2007: 3). This essay will discuss two perspectives, which are classical and cultural perspectives, separately through celebrations that drive consumer behavior before, during Christmas and then in the next section we will discuss about how the market creates and reinforces the fantasyland by the marketing communications for Christmas.

The Hawaii island fought back and it took the u.s four times more troops to fight them then in Cuba. T. Roosevelt came home from Cuba and got nominated a Governor and some people there didn't like him so they had him run for vice president. McKinley and Roosevelt were easily elected. No one knew that there was an assassin ready

In the __Spanish-American War__, the U.S. easily defeated the decrepit Spanish forces in 114 days. A U.S. official called the conflict ~'A Splendid Little War.~' With this victory, the United States now gained control of former Spanish colonies in the Caribbean, including Cuba. Though the __Teller Amendment of 1898__ proclaimed the U.S. would not seek to annex and control Cuba after the war, government and military leaders doubted Cubans could manage their own affairs in ~'America's backyard.~' General William Shafter, for instance, proclaimed Cubans are ~'no more fit for self-government than gun-powder is for hell.~' Cuba declared its independence on January 1, 1899, but U.S. soldiers remained for the next two

Détente is a French word that refers to the time during the Cold war that tensions between America and the USSR cooled down. This cooling period began around 1971 and took full effect when President Richard M. Nixon visited the secretary-general of the Soviet Communist party, Leonid I. Brezhnev, in Moscow, May 1972. Both countries were shocked by the Vietnam War, and found that the arms race was too expensive causing Détente, this time of low tensions. Though the détente did not end the Cold War, it increased communications between the 2 nations and allowed them to form treaties limiting their nuclear weapons.

It is evident that the US had been flagrantly deceived. Then Kennedy called for a naval blockade of Cuba. Kennedy used political negotiations with Khrushchev to come to an agreement in the removal of the weapons. Throughout negotiations, there were incidents that occurred which amplified tensions. Such as on the noon of October 27th, a U-2 reconnaissance plane was shot down over Cuba. In those moments, both the US and the Soviet Union assumed that it was Castro who commanded the fire of low-flying U.S. planes on October 27th. Although Castro had certainly commanded Cuban antiaircraft artillery to fire, there is no indication that he had also ordered Soviet artillery to fire. Another occurrence is Castro’s letter to Khrushchev insisting that the Soviet Union should launch a first-strike nuclear attack on the United States.

The relationship between Castro and Khrushchev was cemented between 1959-1962 as the Soviets gained Castro’s trust by buying Cuban sugar crops two years in advance, as well as accepting trade and economic assistance (Nathan 38). The Soviet surface to air missiles (SAMs) began being shipped to Cuba in the spring of 1962, in response to the U.S. Jupiter missiles placed in Turkey (Nathan 75). Eventually, the two nations would sign the Russia-Cuba Pact in August, 1962, and the shipment of Soviet medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBMs) began (Nathan xxiv). “Fidel Castro accepted the Russian arguments that Cuba needed to accept missiles for its self-defense. Castro did not accept the logic but, as a member of the Soviet Bloc, felt Cuba had a duty to sustain socialism….(Nathan 76).”

“First, I want to say that there will not be, under any conditions, an intervention in Cuba by the United States Armed Forces. This government will do everything it possibly can, I think it can meet its responsibilities, to make sure that there are no Americans involved in any actions inside Cuba… The basic issue in Cuba is not one between the United States and Cuba. It is between the Cubans themselves.” These words were spoken by President John F. Kennedy at a press conference on April 12, 1961, just five days before the Bay of Pigs invasion took place. Little did the American public know that in five short days, the United States would support an attempted invasion on the Cuban shore—unsuccessfully. The $46

John Ernst Steinbeck Jr. was born on February 27, 1902 in Salinas, California. He was one of three children, and the only male, born to John Ernst Steinbeck (father) and Olive Hamilton (mother). Growing up, John’s family lived in a small town where he would spend his summer working on farms and ranches. Working on the farm gave him inspiration to write about the scenery, and many times, he would write whenever he had free time in the laboratory of Spreckels Sugar Company. Seeing the migrant workers also gave John an opportunity to see the hardships and troubles that many go through just to stay in the United States, and he would use this to create stories later on in life

Many changes in Cuba caused tensions to mount between the United States, Cuba, and Russia. At the time before the Bay of Pigs incident, Cuba had a corrupt

The Cold War was the name given to the time period from 1945 to 1991. After World War II, tensions began between the United States and the Soviet Union. Fighting between the United States and Soviet Union did not happen directly against each other. Instead they fought with arms races, space races, and spying. Both superpowers set aside their differences to defeat Adolf Hitler, even before the war the United States distrusted the Soviet Union. The United States disliked the way the Soviet Union ran government. They believed that the Soviet Union wanted to overthrow the non-communist governments.

Castro intended on helping Cuba’s high poverty, but Castro did not turn Cuba into a democracy like he said he would (“Cuban missile Crisis”2). In 1960 the soviet premier attempted to convince Castro to become communist, soon after this castro became communist, probably influenced by the soviet premier (“Cuban missile Crisis”3). A new american president, that could probably change the war, was coming into office around this time, President Kennedy. The new president would take on the problem of this new cuban leader (International Encyclopedia of the… 1). Before him, Eisenhower trained about 1,500 Cuban Exiles in secret to try to take over Cuba, Kennedy allowed this to go on. On april 17, the exils attempted to invade Cuba(“Cuban missile Crisis”3). Since Castro had found out about the invasion, he was ready and defeated the the incoming force easily(“Cuban missile Crisis”3-4). The failed invasion seemed to help the Cuban opinion of Castro. He was now an obvious threat and so the U.S. decided to start operation Mongoose. Operation Mongoose was a secret operation to get rid of Castro, it was an operation where the U.S. would try to sabotage Cuba, but Operation Mongoose never ended up happening. The U.S.S.R. did not want to lose Cuba so they decided to secretly send weapons into Cuba, including nuclear weapons (“Cuban missile Crisis”4). These arm shipments would lead to one of the

The Balance of Power is a fiercely debated topic within the realm of international relations. Its true definition has been impossible to pin down and how it manifests itself has been argued over by many academics, in addition to this the idea is divided between the schools of thought that it is a force for preserving peace or a force for tension and war. This essay will look to examine the balance of power using retrospective analysis of historical events, focusing on the lead up to and the outbreak of WWI and its conclusion and the Cold war. Through this it can be hoped to find a clearer definition of the balance of power, whether it is really a balance analogous to a set of scales and whether the balance of power is a way of preserving peace and stability or whether it is on the whole, better termed as the balance of war, creating only tension and instability.

Power and persuasion are among the most important aspects that create a leader. However, how does an individual obtain power, and ultimately the power to persuade others? Where does a person start? Some individuals believe that leaders are born, not made (Bateman & Snell, 2013). While others believe that a leader can be made, into the person they desire to be. There are endless possibilities to consider. However, this writer will be focusing more on managerial roles and will be discussing the various methods available for decision-making and persuasion. This writer will be reflecting on 3 journal articles to support such ideas. While also keeping in mind, that adaptability, negotiation, and authority can play a large role in both decision-making and persuasion. Ultimately, the power to persuade others, are the same principles that are used to convince a team to get the job done, thus establishing team building skills.