Revealing the Gothic Parody: Jane Austen’s Use of Satire in Northanger Abbey Satire is the use of humor, irony, exaggeration and/or ridicule to expose and criticize people and topics in the real world. In the novel Northanger Abbey, Jane Austen uses satire to poke fun at the gothic genre of novels popular in the 18th century. Austen mocks the stereotypes and the melodramatics of the language that was commonly used in such novels. In fact, Austen even goes as far as mimicking scenes from other well-known books. Austen does not just mock the gothic, she also teases the sentimental novels, in which gothic novels had been influenced by. The parody showcased at Northanger Abbey is separated into two distinctive phases. In Volume 1, Austen more so mocked the characters, typical stereotypes, and behaviors often found in sentimental novels, though aspects of the …show more content…
Austen also echoes sentences from other novels. “The clock struck twelve — and Catherine had been half an hour asleep” (Austen 388). This line is explained in the annotations; “This sentence echoes the conclusion of the chapter in Mysteries of Udolpho” (Shapard 389 #57). Unsurprisingly, the line was not the only one Austen had mimicked, in fact, the entirety of Chapter 8 follows the plot summary the Shapard has described in his annotation; “[I]n which the heroine arrives at Udolpho. After describing her fear and wonder as she lies in her room, it ends, ‘The castle clock struck one before she closed her eyes to sleep’” (Shapard 389 #57). Catherine in this chapter, does almost the exact same thing as Udolpho’s heroine. Austen creates a parody of gothic novels through her use of aggrandised language and phrases. Since Austen’s writing style isn’t typically theatrical, it is very clear to see when she begins to mock the tone.
Henry’s shocked, “dearest Miss Moreland, what ideas have you been admitting?” not only crushes Catherine’s “visions of romance” and humiliates her of all the gothic tendencies she had entertained throughout the novel, but it also serves to humble the reader; who presumably acted as eagerly as Catherine did in seeing the superficial and assuming that General Tilney was a terrible villain. However this overt satire of gothic literature and its heroines, who “plain as any” Catherine openly defies, also acts as a platform where Austen can criticise her society and how they value texts that openly objectify and demean women to superficial creatures. When Austen says, “gentlemen read better books,” in Miss Austen Regrets, the intertextual link in her words and the use of lighting and shadow elongates her face and emphasise the bitterness of her words. Allowing the responder to understand Austen’s own awareness of the confines that she as a female author experienced in the patriarchal and classist society of 19th Century England. This translates to Northanger Abbey when the mockable Catherine says, “if I could not be persuaded into doing what I thought wrong, I never will be tricked into it.” Revealing a deep level of integrity and honesty that the more socially accepted Isabella seems to lack. Austen mocks Catherine as a means of openly addressing the contemptuous nature of gothic literature, however she imbues Catherine with qualities integral to a wholesome human being to showcase to the responder, especially in the context of 19th Century England, that society’s gender roles not only shapes female relationships negatively but also shapes the characterisation of women in literature which contributes to the misogynistic mindset of the time and the
While Catherine is not aware of his lies yet, this is one of the many circumstances in which Catherine begins to notice his duplicitous identity, and therefore, differentiate true people from cynical ones. Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey conveys the role of deception and miscommunication as a principal factor in the character growth and development of Catherine Morland, the
The function of the innocent heroine in gothic literature is, primarily, to follow her curiosity into the deepest, darkest corners of an appropriate gothic setting, uncover some awful secret contained therein, and do a lot of running around in her nightgown to be saved at the appropriate moment by a strong, capable suitor. In both Northanger Abbey by Jane Austen, and The Turn of the Screw by Henry James this trope is challenged, with both books presenting us with a slightly different version of the gothic heroine. Northanger Abbey gives us Catherine Morland, with her own knowledge of the gothic genre through the books she has read herself, and a propensity for common sense over hysteria. This foreknowledge and self-awareness creates a very different heroine than the typical gothic damsel in distress, and allows for Jane Austen to explore and parody the gothic genre instead of adhering to its every rule. The Turn of the Screw gives us the governess, who appears at first to follow the gothic heroine trope; young and pure of heart and motive, but who must also fill the role of both innocent heroine and protective hero. As the story progresses, doubt begins to fall on the governess’ sanity and motives. This essay will compare and contrast the treatment of these two gothic heroines, explore the different ways the characters challenge the innocent heroine trope, and discuss the effect this has on the
The first paragraph of the first chapter in the novel uses subtle Irony to depict to the reader what Catherine Moorland was not. Catherine was not a girl with extraordinary beauty and ability of a classic romantic heroine, but an ordinary girl who may possibly lack extraordinary beauty and ability. In the novel, Catherine travels to Bath where she comes into contact with silly and tasteless people, the Thorpes. This contrast makes Catherine shine brighter. Catherine also comes into contact with the Tilneys, who were educated, well-bred people with a sense of humor. Their influence helps Catherine to develop into a sensible character, relieved of romantic notions, to become a charming wife for Henry Tilney.
Used in books and novels, satire can be found in many different works. Satire has long been found in the different works people read, giving them a touch of delightfulness and humor as well as exaggeration. Jane Austen is one of these authors who uses satire flawlessly. However, the question persists, what message is Jane Austen trying to transmit through her works by means of satire?
This is Austen using Catherine’s character to mock gothic horror by showing the reader how obsessed Catherine has become with gothic fantasies. She implies how gothic horror takes over Catherine’s whole life and how she centres her whole universe around this idea of murderous villains and “gloomy passages” which is Austen mocking the fact that typical gothic horror takes over people’s lives and
In the novel Northanger Abbey written by Jane Austen, the main character Catherine Morland is asked to go to Bath with a family friend in hope to find a suitor, she is very naive when she left, hoping to find true love. While Catherine is in Bath she became good friends with Isabella, who later decides to turn on her. Then she thinks she found love with a man named Henry Tilney, who later invites her to go to Northanger Abbey, which leads to their engagement later on. While Catherine is at the abbey her “gothic illusions” take over because of the mysteries that take place in her gothic novels. The novel Northanger Abbey written by Jane Austen, has the qualities of a mock to gothic literature which is shown through reading, wealth and gender,
Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey and Edgar Allan Poe’s “The Oval Portrait” portray confusion between imagination and reality. In the excerpt of Northanger Abbey, Catherine comes to learn about the late Mrs Tilney while on a walk with Eleanor. In contrast, the excerpt of “The Oval Portrait” details the narrator’s delirious encounter with a life-like portrait of a young woman. Both excerpts explore how the relationship between art and reality. However, whereas the narrator in “The Oval Portrait” is able to soundly distinguish illusion from reality, Catherine’s boundless imagination clouds her reason and adversely affects her judgment.
Though there are different themes, which Jane Austen, explores in her novel Northanger Abbey, the idea of consumer culture in her time and related social culture appealed to me the most. It is a general habit of Jane Austen that she explores the norms and habits of English society
In the next chapter, a very enthusiastic Catherine and her supposed best friend, Isabella Thorpe, discuss the classic gothic novel, Mysteries of Udolpho. Catherine becomes so engulfed in this novel she remarks:
Austen’s characters are personifications of specific traits or feelings, like pride or prejudice, that have universal relevance. There will always be prideful, jealous, and prejudiced people, and so, even though Austen’s novels concern a specific time period, her characters are adaptable to different cultures and times. For example, in Pride and Prejudice, Mr. Darcy exhibited pride, and Elizabeth Bennett exhibited prejudice. Other characters in Pride and Prejudice were examples of specific personas, like Caroline Bingley, who was the ill-mannered, immoral, and vain antagonist. Mrs. Bennett was a “classic” upper-class mother in the way that she doted on her daughters, engaged in gossip, and said silly things.
"Like all true literary classics, Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is still capable of engaging us, both emotionally and intellectually" (Twayne back flap) through its characters and themes. This essay illustrates how Jane Austen uses the characterization of the major characters and irony to portray the theme of societal frailties and vices because of a flawed humanity. Austen writes about the appearance vs. the reality of the characters, the disinclination to believe other characters, the desire to judge others, and the tendency to take people on first impressions.
This article analyzes the way Austen portrays women in her novels. Kruger mentions that Jane Austen’s work is often deprived by the
Jane Austen was a renowned British novelist notorious for her critical choice of subject, exploring many topics relevant to society during her writing career. Northanger Abbey is no exception. In Northanger Abbey, Austen delves into the gothic novel, a popular literary genre in the 18th century characterised by its eerie, supernatural setting. Austen uses this convention to create a parody of the traditional gothic novel in volume 2 of the novel. We experience the story through the eyes of Catherine Morland, a young woman who, after becoming obsessed with a gothic novel, moves to an abbey where her mind starts playing tricks on her. Catherine starts seeing something horrific in almost everything she experiences and goes out of her way to find
Jane Austen excels in character – portrayal, particularly in the delineation of women characters in her novels. It has generally been held that Jane Austen is more successful in her delineation of women than of men in her novels. Jane Austen might feel diffident while dealing with male characters and might be guilty of a false stroke or two while portraying them. But she is hardly to be matched in the presentation of her women. No less a literary historian than Louis Cazamian has expressed the view that Jane Austen’s studies of women are more searching and more life – like than those of men. Cazamian also says that Jane Austen has delineated the human character from the inside with the full and finished touch of the great masters, and that she can also draw figures with sure and suggestive a pen that they stand out on a strong and unforgettable ground.