1. Tudors and Stuarts the Tudors ruled England from 1485-1603 Believed in divine right very good at dealing with problems with Parliament after Elizabeth died childless, her next heir was James Stuart James was the ruling king of Scotland James I was a very bad ruler because he clashed with parliament for money and foreign policy, dissenters, and puritans 2. Henry VIII He was a tudor He had 6 wives he took control of the church in order to get a divorce 3. Oliver Cromwell leader of the Roundheads organized “New Model Army” for Parliament. his army defeated the Cavaliers and the King was executed he was the leader of the Commonwealth he did not want “open worship by Roman Catholics” he died in 1658. After his death, the Puritans “lost their …show more content…
Top 3 reasons for the “Upset of the 3rd Estate” they were the only estate that had to pay taxes they had no say in government at all also no one listened to them 7. Social rank and who was considered in each First estate-Clergy Second estate-Noble Third estate-Peasants 8. Definition and significance of the English Bill of Rights Definition- “...acts passed by Parliament in 1689...ensured the superiority of Parliament over the monarchy,” (521) Significance- its gave the House of Commons control over spending, the king couldnt interfere with debates or suspend laws, it made sure that there was no Roman Catholic on the throne. 9. The four phases of the French Revolution and a significant event in each phase 1 10. Declaration of the Rights of Man modeled in the American Declaration of Independence had natural rights like security, property, liberty.... stated that “governments exist to protect the natural rights of citizens” (579) all male French citizen “had an equal rights to hold public office” (579) freedom of religion Louis XIV did not like the
Even though the Third Estate made up the majority of the population, they only got one vote. As seen in the chart based off of the three estates in France during 1789, 97%of the citizens created the Third Estate (Doc 2). One vote for 97% of the population was unequal, and no one’s voice was heard separately. The Third Estate had only one vote, the First and Second Estate were able to pass anything that pleased them. According to the English Bill of Rights written by the English Parliament, “That the pretended power of suspending of the laws or the execution of law is regal authority without consent of Parliament is illegal…” (Doc 8) The English had the same issue and solved it earlier. France should have inferred that the issues would appear and used the English’s struggles and solutions for their own good. The First and Second Estates did everything in their power for the Third Estate to have very minimal
The other causes were social and political. The social cause was wealth. The third estate didn’t have as much money as the nobles and clergy so they couldn't afford as much food, and on top of that, they had to pay the chief tax (taille) while the other estates did not. The political factor was the fact
In the context of the years 1485 to 1603 to what extent was the government of England dysfunctional in the mid-Tudor period?
During the time of the French Revolution in 1789, there were many tensions across political, social, and economic classes. There were extreme divisions between the 3rd Estate and the 1st and 2nd Estate, leading to multiple removals and reinstatements of leaders. While many issues were involved with the French Revolution, there were three that were the most vital to it actually occurring. The three most critical causes of the French Revolution were the Enlightenment, the oppression of the Third Estate, and the general fiscal crisis of France.
The third estate’s citizens had the lowest income in France, yet they were the ones who were supporting the government. The burden of the countries taxes was nearly impossible for the third estate to carry. One peasant woman said that the taxes were “crushing” her and her fellow third estate members. (Document 2).The first and second estate made up the wealthiest portion of France, yet they paid next to nothing in taxes. This obviously and rightfully angered members of the third estate. Why should the only people who can afford to pay taxes be exempt from them? This kind of inequality resulted in violence from the third estate. As a form of rebellion, peasants attacked tax collectors whom they owed money. They also burned land registers and court records. This example, along with the formation of the National Assembly show that the first actions of the revolution were a result of not giving the third estate the voice that it’s members felt it
However, the third estate held the commoners and made up the bulk of French society. The commoners were responsible of the hard labor and farming of the land. The third estate was performing all of the work, paying the taxes, and maintaining society. This caused the third estate to feel unequal in society, and wanted a change. Economic
King Charles was trying to spread a new prayer book in countryside of Scotland, even though Scotland was heavily neglected in Charles’s early rule. The prayer book was met with much resistance; Charles already claimed all land in Scotland, including the Church’s land, was subject to being taken away. Met with high resistance in Scotland, King Charles tried to resolve the conflict by swordpoint and had to call Parliament because his side of the conflict was not ready to go to battle, because he had a small amount of money. Almost at the same time, military rebellion happened in Ireland in November 1641, and Charles attempted to arrest five Parliament legislators. Civil war erupted in 1642, and Charles was defeated in 1646. Scottish forces handed the king back to Parliament, and King Charles was then tried for treason in 1648. King Charles I got a trial and was executed for treason against England.
The major events that occurred during the revolutionary wars in French and America facilitated in the transformation of both worlds. The American Revolution encountered many events, such as, the Boston Massacre, the Paul Revere’s Ride, and Battles at Lexington Concord, the Declaration of Independence, and the publishing of Common Sense. These events changed America, especially the Declaration of Independence, because it provided the freedom of speech, and it also gave the people their rights back to do as they please but under a govern law.
The French Revolution is known to be one of the major events in the world history. The revolution was led by some reformers in the government who demanded some changes in the political system. The purpose of the revolution was to eliminate the power of king and the rich people who owned most of the lands, and to have a government that is elected by the citizens. Although the revolution started as a movement for government reforms, but it turned out so violent that led to the execution of the royal family. The French revolution made a major change in France and inspired some other revolutionary movements throughout Europe. Three
The revolution emphasized the ideals of “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” and was characterized by the strong will of the French people who stood up for what they believed in. It was also an extremely
The French Revolution (1789-1814) was a period that affected the outcome of world history tremendously. This is considered a major turning point in European history which has led to dramatic changes in France and other regions of the world. Various social and political issues led to the start of the revolution. Politically, France suffered under the rule of Louis XVI, who ruled by absolute monarchy. Many people had their natural rights renounced and weren’t able to have a political voice. Socially, France had divided its population within 3 estates (classes). French citizens took it upon themselves to remodel their country 's’ political structure. The French Revolution had encountered both positive and negative effects. However, many Europeans viewed the Revolution as much more than just a bloody massacre. The French Revolution was used to demonstrate new ideology that would emphasize the principles of liberty and equality throughout Europe.
Unlike the 3rd estate, the 1st and 2nd estate were granted many privileges such as not having to pay taxes and earning more rights than the 3rd estate. Soon enough, the 3rd estate got tired of having to suffer with all of the issues that the nobility had place onto them. So they decided to revolt against the king, the clergy, and the rest of the nobility.
The monarchy tried to make an attempt to give the third estate power. The monarchy established the Estate's General. This too, was corrupted. Unlike most legislative bodies, the Estate's General did not vote by each person having a single vote. Rather, they let each estate have one vote each. Since the first two estates were always in agreement, the third estate was always out voted.
During the second half of the 17th century, there were many similarities and differences between the monarchy in England and France. These similarities and differences were seen in the theory and practice of the monarchies. In England, there was a Constitutional monarchy, while in France, there was an Absolutist monarchy. In the second half of the 17th century, absolute monarchs such as Louis XIV ruled in France, and William and Mary shared their power with Parliament in England. These two monarchies had differences theories and government, but they shared a similarity through the practice of mercantilism.
The immediate effects of the French Revolution Was the Declaration of the Rights of Man. This was one of the most constructive achievements of the French Revolution. The Rights of Man said that there would be equality of all persons before the law; equitable taxation; protection against loss of property through arbitrary