The reign of King Henry VII, from 1485 to 1509, had occurred within a very particular historical moment¬¬– one characterized by its intermediate position, situated upon the cusp of a waning medieval schema and the gradual development of early modern ideals and practices. Considering that Henry’s reign had coincided with the beginnings of the English Renaissance, the first European expeditions that incited the Age of Exploration, the burgeoning influence of the printing press, and the swell of nationalism and consolidation of state power that was taking hold throughout the European continent, it would make sense to identify the reign of Henry VII, the first monarch of the new Tudor dynasty, as the entry point into the early modern era. However, …show more content…
Firstly, the royal government was small, with perhaps only 1,500 officials in Henry VII’s reign. Additionally, it was also poor and had to ask Parliament’s permission to raise taxes– an attribute commonly seen throughout late medieval and early modern regimes, as kings were more or less consistently in debt. Likewise, coherent with the late medieval setting, Henry’s regime had no centralized police force or standing army– two features prominent of modern nation state powers. As a result, Henry was still very much dependent upon the support of property-owners and the exploitation of land revenue in order to fund royal finances. Moreover, Henry did not establish himself and his new Tudor reign with a complete upheaval of the pre-existing machinery of medieval government, thereby implanting his ‘New Monarchy.’ Rather, Henry was most likely thankful to make use of the governmental structures that had survived the period of disorder through the Wars of the Roses , and had some good reasons to do so. Because medieval institutions proved durable and offered the best existing means of ruling late-medieval England by the time of Tudor ascension, “there is nothing surprising about Henry’s use of traditional methods to maintain order. Given his limited resources and the need to win support among the political nation for the newly established Tudor dynasty, he had little scope for radical innovation.” For example, while Henry conferred greater civic agency upon the gentry in part as a strategy designed to restrict the influence of the nobility, the new Tudor king nevertheless understood the necessity of preserving aristocratic power in most localities and kept
The concept of a ‘mid-Tudor crisis’ arrived under the scrutiny of modern scholarship largely through a priori reasoning and was first broadly promulgated by W.R.D. Jones in his 1973 book “The Mid Tudor Crisis1539-1563”. Jones attested a series of problems that “seem to have been ever-present in mid-Tudor England” (Jones, 1973, p. 6), exhibiting a “close relationship” (Jones, 1973, p. 6) with one another as a ‘crisis’. This compounded succession of agricultural volatility, deficiencies in administrative decree, specifically “the troubled shadowed reigns of Edward VI and Mary I,” (Jones, 1973, p.19) and divisive religious reformation, as Jones was to surmise, directly resulted in fluctuations
How far was Henry VII’s control over the nobility in the years 1485 to 1509 due to his
The King of France ruled New France . No king has visited the colony at all , but the governor stayed there and represented him. The governors responsibility is to command soldiers , negotiate with other colonies and Aboriginal nations, and otherwise behave like nobility.
Henry VII ascended to the throne in 1485 with a weak claim due to dynastic issues following on from his mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort. Despite discontent and rebellion within Henry VII’s reign, it is debatable whether the monarch was actually threatened by rebellions due to the simple reason that Henry VII was able to remain on the throne and secure a succession until his death, however the challenge to his authority and succession seen in Lovell, Simnel and Warbeck shows clear instability throughout areas of his reign. However the Yorkshire and Cornish rebellions, which aims were focused around issues of tax, did not pose as much of a threat during
During the Tudor Dynasty it is easily thought that the years between 1547 and 1558 were ones of crisis. With the succession of a child and the first woman within England, people have assumed that the years between Henry VIII and Elizabeth I were an unproductive interlude. The mid Tudor period is seen as negative years within the Tudor Dynasty. It is regarded that Henry VIII and Elizabeth I’s reputations were a factor in why historians such as A.F Pollard and S T Bindoff supported the ‘Mid Tudor Crisis’ . The ‘two little Tudors’, referring to Edward and Mary, seemed colourless in comparison to their surrounding
Henry VIII was a king of England from 1509 to 1547. He kept his power because he was able to reciprocate some of the suggestions that Niccoló Machiavelli expressed in his book, “The Prince.” Although there were many similarities in how Henry VIII ruled England and what Machiavelli explains in “The Prince,” Henry VIII did deviate from Machiavelli’s tips.
Marcus Bull is a distinguished professor for medieval and early modern studies. He earned is Bachelor of Arts at London University in 1987 followed by and his PhD in 1991. His area of educational concentration is medieval history. He currently is a professor at the University of North Carolina in the History Department. Dr. Marcus Bull has other notable publications including “Tudorism: Historical Imagination and the Appropriation of the Sixthteenth Century”, “Thinking Medieval: An Introduction to the Study” and “France in the Central Middle Ages 900-1200.” The majority of his intended audiences appear to be college students, and peers in the field of medieval history. In the approach to his works, the literature is filled with easy transitions and factual based research. Dr. Marcus Bull is able to bring the information to life in an easily comprehensible way. He provides detailed information that is backed by specific examples in history and detailed oriented analysis that correlates with his
In England, the nobles and commoners had established power through parliament. The monarchy run by Charles I was bound to fail because the government had no money, and therefore authority, when he refused to tax because the parliament would only let the monarch use the tax money if they could have representation in government. After having a long-lasting power-struggle that didn’t establish a proper relationship between the king and parliament, England needed a radical change of government that would stop the cycle. The English government didn’t establish a proper relationship between the king and the parliament, dating back to 1215 when the Magna Carta was signed: It limited the monarch’s power, but didn’t establish how much representation the parliament and king got in government. Parliament realized that they needed to strengthen their power by doing away with the monarch. In the French Wars of Religion, the Estates-General didn’t really meet and didn’t have much representation in government. Unlike the English, the idea of a body ruling was too radical, and the three aristocratic families sought to increase power by becoming new monarchs. They tried to gain power by becoming king or hoping that a weak monarch would allow them to
King Henry VIII was born in 1491. Henry was the third child of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York. He was seen as a good prince due to his outgoing personality, and intelligence. Usually, the first male heir of the royal family is next on the throne, but the first born, Arthur, died at age fifteen. This placed Henry as the heir to the throne.
“Why do you suppose they made you king in the first place?' I ask him. 'Not for your benefit, but for theirs. They meant you to devote your energies to making their lives more comfortable, and protecting them from injustice. So your job is to see that they're all right, not that you are - just as a shepherd's job, strictly speaking, is to feed his sheep, not himself” (Thomas More). There has always been a type of leader throughout the years, someone who takes charge. When taking the position of a leader sacrifices will need to be made. During the 1500’s the current leader was King Henry VIII, his way of leading was setting laws to follow, anyone who opposed would be sentenced to death. The way King Henry ruled was unfair and many saw it but
Following in the footsteps of an unpopular ruler and being part of a new, not yet fully established, dynasty, Henry VIII’s early reign faced many challenges in terms of public opinion. When his father passed away and he became king, it was very important for him to establish his identity as a ruler and to distance himself from the negative image the previous king carried. This new brand he and his advisors created for him featured important characteristics such as: young, athletic, warrior, just, chivalrous and Christian. This was Henry VIII’s public image that he tried to advertise to not only the nobles of his court but also all of his subjects as well as foreign ambassadors and rulers. In order to do so, Henry used extravagant ceremonies
Henry the VIII was the second English Tudor king, after his father, Henry VII. He reigned over England from, 21st April 1509 until, 28th January 1547. During his childhood and his first marriage, Henry was a firm believer of the Catholic Church and of the Pope. However things changed and later in Henrys reign the English reformation came to England; the monasteries were closed and Henry separated himself from the Roman Catholic Church. Henry was definitely starting to look more and more like a protestant. There are many points that we can use to decipher whether or not Henry VIII was really Catholic or Protestant and in this essay these points will be discussed to draw a conclusion.
Thesis Statement: King Henry the Second’s leadership failures came about because of a few unethical activities and bad fundamental leadership decisions which prompted an uprising of the people who eventually overthrew him.
When the young Prince Henry first took the throne as king of England in 1509, the people loved him (Inside ). They thought Henry would stop the financial corruption of his father’s court, which stole money from the citizens of England under the thin disguise of taxes in order to place the monarchy in absolute power. To help cement this image of himself as a people’s hero, Henry VIII had two of his father’s top financial council members, Edmund Dudley and Richard Empson, beheaded for flimsy charges of embezzling money (Layton). King
Initially hindered by James I’s belief in the divine right of kings, the Stuart inability to communicate led to country-wide chaos, in stark contrast to the relative unity of Tudor reign. In this essay, I will explore the reigns of four specific Tudor and Stuart monarchs: Henry VIII, Elizabeth