Britain was not the first to colonize Iraq, but was the last and that played a big role in how they are today. Before Britain, Iraq was under control by the Ottoman Empire from the 16th century until 1920 when the Ottoman Empire split up. The Ottoman Empire took advantage of them. Iraq was part of Mesopotamia and lacked a strong government while under control of the Ottoman Empire. Iraq did not become the state which is now currently known as the Republic of Iraq until after World War One when Basra, Mosul and Baghdad were combined to form Iraq. Britain was in a bad spot economy wise after World War One. Britain then gained control of Iraq from the League of Nations in 1920. The effects of Great Britain's rule on Iraq can still be felt today …show more content…
2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War.). The war led to the collapse of the "Ba'athist government" and capture of Saddam Hussein in December of 2003 ( “Iraq War.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Oct. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War.). He was executed three years later after going on trail. The aftermath of the invasion led an election in 2005, and in 2006 "Norui al-Maliki became Prime minister and remained in office until 2014"(“Iraq War.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 21 Oct. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraq_War#2006:_Civil_war_and_permanent_Iraqi_government.). The wars did not just effect Iraq's economy, the UK spent £8.4bn from 2003 to 2009 just from fighting in Iraq. The Gulf War was another 615m pounds and it only lasted seven months( “Gulf war cost taxpayer 615m pounds.” The Independent, Independent Digital News and Media, 1 Dec. 1992, …show more content…
The civil war started by Iraqi insurgency and helped by ISIL. ISIL is a group of Islamic extremists which was founded in 1999. The group is also known as ISIS. They fought in the Iraq War helping al-Qaeda fight the US and UN troops. "Al-Qaeda is militant Sunni Islamist multi-national organization founded in 1988."( “Al-Qaeda.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 19 Oct. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Qaeda.) Al-Qaeda is also the group known for causing 9-11. 9-11 was and still is one of the worst terrorist attacks ever. They killed 2,977 people on 9-11 and is possibly one of the reasons the Iraq war happened. ISIL has killed "19,000 civilians from January 2014 to October 2015" ( “Iraqi Civil War (2014–present).” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 18 Oct. 2017, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Civil_War_(2014%E2%80%93present)#2017.). All of the money that Iraq makes goes to fighting ISIL in order to bring law and order to the state. As of now, the civil war is still going on with the government still fight off ISIL. ISIL is known for its videos of beheading people and mass executions. They are not afraid to use chemical warfare like mustard and chlorine gas against its enemies. They also force many women and children into sex
It’s no understatement to say that the War messed up many countries’ economies. The UK and Germany went through different
During the war, Britain's imports, exports, and trade were interrupted. Ships, boats, ports, and harbors were destroyed and trade routes were scarce due to the fear of traders of getting caught in the crossfire putting a damper on goods such as cotton, wool, wheat, sugar, tea, butter, silk, flaxseed, rice and fertilizer for fish. After the war, Britain’s debt grew and stock and real estate plummeted. Britain was already in debt from previous wars that they were trying to pay off and then the American Revolution quintrupled it to 10,000,000 pounds or 13,064,000 dollars. Because of the haul on imports, the stock market decreased rapidly. Stocks rely on the prices of products, and without the supplies to make the products, the stock market crashed. Real estate was a growing problem. Houses were demolished and a war-torn land made it difficult to find a place to live.
Brooklin Jenkins 1/31/18 Period 6 WH 10 Great Britain The country of Great Britain held a huge role in imperialization era. They were responsible for colonizing Nigeria, an African country in the 16th century. Great Britain used a policy called paternalism because they thought that Africa was unable to handle running a whole country ( Beck 347 ) . Nigeria was the main country that was imperialized by Great Britain.
The American invasion of Iraq in March 2003 led to the collapse of Saddam Hussein, yet unleashed a huge partisan war. The instability has led to many terrorist organizations feeding on the chaos, most notably, Al-Qaeda and, now, ISIS (Daesh). The Bush administration’s decision to invade Iraq was not successful in stopping the spread of terrorism and has led to strained relations with many countries.
On March 20, 2003, the United States invaded the country of Iraq to oust the tyrannical leader Saddam Hussein and rid Iraq and the world of weapons of mass destruction. The invasion force, coupled with a sprinkling of coalition forces, made their way through the desert of Iraq in record time, just twenty-one days. The capstone event of the war was President Bush landing on the USS Abraham Lincoln declaring an end to hostilities on April 9, 2003 - the war was over but the battle had just begun. The defeat of the Iraqi Army and the infamous Republican Guard allowed the U.S. the opportunity to create an Iraq in her own image, a democratic and free middle-east country. The population of Iraq has been at the mercy of brutal empires and regimes
Since American troops left Iraq, ISIS “has waged an increasingly powerful terrorist-guerilla campaign against the Shi’ite population and the central Iraqi government” (“The Historical Roots and Stages in the Development of ISIS”). The withdrawal of the American forces from Iraq in 2011 created a security vacuum in the military, allowing ISIS to gather strength and rebuild its terrorist campaign against Iraqi government and the Shi’ite population. They wanted to create civil war between the Sunnis and the Shi’ites (two Islamic groups). By doing this, they could establish their own Islamic group into all of Iraq. ISIS then instituted many attacks (including suicide bombings) to apply pressure to these groups.
Great Britain started to imperialize in the 16th century. England had successful way of compromising with other colonies and gaining trust. The British handled daily managements for the colony and had a great method of working with the imperialized government so later it would be able to govern itself (Beck 347). Great Britain imperialized Nigeria and Southern Africa. For an example, “ The British claimed the entire area of Nigeria as a colony in 1914,” (Beck 347).
The Gulf Wars had a large economic impact on the United States and was the primary cause of the economic downturn during both Bush administrations. American intervention in the Middle East drove up gas prices to an all-time high, resulting in billions of dollars lost. As Peter Katel said, “In the week that the [First Gulf War] started, the average world oil price was about $27 a barrel...[later oil prices] were pushed up to prices upwards of $116 a barrel.” (5). The money lost due to this alone ranged in the hundreds of billions of dollars lost. As a result, the American economy took a staggering blow, and was later felled by the economic cost of the war itself. The global increase in oil prices caused inflation, leading to a massive increase in cost of living expenses. But, the American intervention in the Middle East included larger and far more devastating expenses as well. For the first Gulf War, a war that lasted a little over a hundred days cost upwards of $260 billion dollars (“Calculating” 6). The second Gulf War, or the Iraq War, was far more costly, as
Usually, different countries have different circumstances that can affect their economic development. However, United Kingdom in the 19th century and United States in the 20th century have almost the same economic history background. In the early 19th century, Britain had suffered through nearly 25 years of war against the Napoleon’s France. Napoleonic Wars started in 1973 to 1815 and had major economic effects such as large price effects, inflation, and seriously in debt (O’Rourke, 123). Napoleonic Wars was an example of wartime finance in history because war expenditures were paid through borrowing. Britain borrows substantial cheap credit to finance the war that had a low interest compared to France (Bordo and White, 1). Therefore, after
Syria is currently all over the news regarding what many have to come to see as a civil war. A term like civil war needs to identify the players and the reasons for the war. In this case the players are being identified as pro government or antigovernment with a Sunni or Shia overtone. Sunni and Shia are the two major sects of Islam and both have a historical based conflict going back to the death of the Prophet Muhammad and how Muslims should be governed. This conflict has caused tensions and violence to flare up throughout Islamic history. This conflict has carried into modern times and has becoming a rallying point for Muslim people calling for change with their government and across the Middle Eastern region. The
Many people are unaware of the significant involvement that Britain had on Imperialism in the Middle East and the influence that they had over the area during the early nineteen hundreds and the lasting impact from their involvement that can still be seen today. While Britain was involved in the Middle East prior to World War One, their aggression and persistence increased greatly during that time period. According to lostislamichistory.com, Britain took the outbreak of World War One as an opportunity to expand their control of the Middle East, hoping to dissolve the Ottoman Empire and consequently take over that land as it lay between Egypt and India, two colonies that the British had already gained control of during the end of the eighteen hundreds.
Their GDP was high, with more imports than exports before war, but as a result of war, many financial markets were hurt, merchant marines were destroyed along with many different cities in Britain and other areas, and investments were declining.
By the conclusion of the war Europe’s economic was exhausted with trying to keep up with the war effort. The United Kingdom and other European powers had spent large sums of money on the war which lead them to be unable to pay for reconstruction.
It provided the Allied Forces with roughly $45 billion of support, nearly $30 billion of which went to the British Empire. However, even with US aid, Britain was still devastated by bombing raids, which destroyed not only public works but private estates as well. Britain economy steeply declined and luxuries her citizens once took for granted, such as meat, bread, and tobacco, were rationed even post-war. For the first time in history, Britain was a debtor nation (“Lord of the Flies,” World 228-231). Although her economy is relatively stable in the 21st century, the United Kingdom was never as great as she was pre-World War II.
In order to conquer Ottoman lands, The British obtained the help of Assyrian, Armenian and Arab tribes against the Ottomans, while they used the Kurds as allies. On 6 November of 1914, British troops invaded the Fao Peninsula in Ottoman territory and began to converge on Basra. The Ottomans attacked but were defeated at the British post on November 11. The British attacked on November 15 and conquered the land but continued to advance. The British then joined with Indian infantry, easily defeating the inaccurate Ottoman fire.