An Insight Into the Similarities and Differences Between Hester and Pearl
In the Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, one can argue that Pearl and Hester are doubles of each other. Pearl is Hester’s offspring and they have many of the same traits, however, a reader may often notice that Pearl and Hester are very different, and that they respond in a different way to people, specifically Dimmesdale.
Mutability is defined as liability or tendency to change. Both Hester and Pearl display this trait in The Scarlet Letter. Other characters in the story do not notice this, for in their eyes Hester and Pearl are only one thing. The scarlet letter. The townspeople and Roger Chillingworth, Hester’s ex husband, see only the scarlet letter as Hester and Pearl’s identities. In describing Pearl, Hawthorne explains,
“This outward mutability indicated, and did not more than fairly express, the various properties of her inner life. Her nature appeared to possess depth, too, as well as variety; but—or else Hester’s fears deceived her—it lacked reference and adaptation to the world into which she was born.” Pg. 81.
Pearl is perfect at birth, she is describes as, “worthy to have been brought forth in Eden” however, “the various prosperities of her inner life” brought down her perfection over time. Pearl is the result of an illegitimate sexual affair, and because of this she is less beautiful to the people of the town. In the first sentence of the quote above, Hawthorne is describing Pearl’s
…show more content…
This shows Hester’s mutability, and her tendency to change, a similarity to Pearl. Hester’s impassioned state shows that she was swept away by Dimmesdale, and that he was not just a one time thing. The deep stains of crimson and gold are obviously referring to the scarlet letter, and in this case they are a metaphor for the temptations that Hester and Dimmesdale give in
From her initial introduction to the reader as the “yonder babe, (…) of some three or four months old”, Pearl represents the beauty of the truth (54). As she struggles to find answers about her mother’s scarlet A while simultaneously growing up, Pearl identifies as an innocent character, despite her creation. It is frequently noted that she looks similar to the scarlet letter that her mother so reluctantly bears, with her “bright complexion [and] eyes possessing intensity both of depth and glow, and hair already of a deep, glossy brown” (76). Her similar appearance to the scarlet letter furthers her permanent connection to the letter. Additionally, it highlights the notion that her mother will likely never be able to look at her without reminiscing upon her sin. As Pearl develops, her fire-like actions and dark appearance further molds her into the fleshly expression of Hester’s adultery. Furthermore, Hawthorne ensures to characterize Pearl throughout the novel as a friend to the sunlight, a friend to the truth. As she begins to pick determine that Dimmesdale is her father, the sunlight welcomes her. This is because she is the only innocent character who is not afraid to step into the sun’s rays. Pearl recognizes the light’s love for her and audibly notes, “the
The punishment for this day and age for adultery was very serious. Hester had to go to jail and then got an “A” to wear on her chest for life to make sure that everyone was aware of the sin she committed. Pearl is a constant reminder to Hester of the serious sin that she committed and how it will affect her life forever. When the book, The Scarlet Letter introduces Hester it says the following, “ the young and pure would be taught to look at her, with the scarlet letter flaming on her breast….as the figure, the body, the reality of sin” (Hawthorne 76). Hester, her whole life was seen as a sinner and with that came Pearl as the result. One day while walking in the forest, “ Mother, said little Pearl, “the sunshine does not love you. It runs away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on your bosom. . . . It will not flee from me, for I wear nothing on my bosom yet” (Hawthorne 180). This show Pearl making the connection of her sin and how the townspeople and everything surrounding them acts when they see the letter. Pearl symbolizes adultery because, she is a scarlet letter in the flesh and she is living proof of Hester's and Dimmesdale's
In passage 1, the Hawthorne employs an allusion when he explains that Hester names her child Pearl because “Hester purchased her with all she had.” This is a reference to the bible when Jesus calls heaven a “pearl of great price” and declares that when someone comes across a pearl, he shall sell all he has to buy it. The author includes this allusion to convey how important Pearl is to Hester and to connect the meaning of Pearl’s name to religion, for religion presides over all in Puritan society. Hawthorne also uses exclamations to show how valuable Pearl is to her mother. But, at the same time, he points out that Pearl is Hester’s source of shame and torture. The function of the child parallels the function of the scarlet letter. They are both a reminder of Hester’s wrongdoing but become a huge part of her identity that she cannot live without. Hawthorne creates a sense of situational irony when he introduces the idea that in creating Pearl, Hester loses everything, her pride, her reputation and her social life, but at the same time she gains
The description of Pearl in this chapter is intended to manifest Pearl as the living embodiment of her mother's sin. Thus the name Pearl itself is misleading. A pearl is a beautiful object found inside an ugly oyster, and at the same time contains a hard kernel of sand within it. Thus Hawthorne is trying to point out that appearances are deceiving, and that Pearl is anything but a beautiful person.
Pearl, Hester’s child out of wedlock, then emphasizes on the idea of darkness following Hester when she declares to Hester, “the sunshine does not love you. It turns away and hides itself, because it is afraid of something on your bosom” (Hawthorne 167). The letter on Hester’s bosom not only repel the townspeople, it drives off the sunshine and light that used to follow her wherever she went. She is considered as a social outcast among her peers and even the children of the community. However, still in the forest, when Hester rips the Scarlet Letter from her chest and throws it into the nearby brook, “all at once, as with a sudden smile of heaven, forth burst the sunshine, pouring a very flood into the obscure forest, gladdening each green leaf, transmuting the yellow fallen ones to gold, and gleaming adown the gray trunks of the solemn trees” (Hawthorne 186). Once the letter is no longer attached to Hester, she is set free from her guilt and grief that she has endured for so many years. She is no longer controlled by the “iron-framework” (Hawthorne 111) of the puritan society and is able to be with Dimmesdale, her true lover, without the guilt that was brought upon her by the Scarlet Letter.
Hester has changed in so many different ways. First, Hester starts the story looking very ladylike, but as the story progresses she becomes to look manly. Some of the townspeople believed she had cut her hair off because she started always having it up. She starts to look ladylike again when she is in the forest with Dimmesdale. Hester said she had to stay in Boston to face what she had done but being with Dimmesdale changed her mind. She thought Dimmesdale and her could move away from all of their sin `and start fresh. Another reason why Hester wanted to move away with Dimmesdale is so Pearl can have a father figure in her life. “In vast London - or, surely, in Germany...thou wouldst be beyond his power and knowledge” (Hawthorne 218). Another way Hester grows is her choice of going with the Black Man. Hester would have gone with the Black Man to get away from all her troubles. Since they did not take Pearl away from her, Hester stayed and Pearl changed her view on life. “Had they taken her from me, I would have willingly have gone with thee into the forest” (Hawthorne 129). One of the changes that occur since she has gotten the Scarlet Letter is her view of people. She understands and has the knowledge of other’s sins but the downfall is she loses faith. The last change she goes through is her needing to wear the Scarlet Letter. “Townspeople say she may, she does take it off privately in the forest” (Johnson 133). At first, Hester believes she must wear the Scarlet Letter and if it gains another meaning or just falls off then it is okay not to wear it. Eventually, the forest is a place where she feels safe and away from the rules of the community so she feels it is okay to be able to take it off. There are many more changes or growths that Hester has went through but can people really relate to
The scarlet letter represents Pearl's emotional attachment to Hester. For instance, Pearl is as deeply affectionate to the
When Pearl enters the novel, Hawthorne uses specific details when describing her. He describes her physical appearance as; “beauty that became everyday more brilliant, and the intelligence that threw it’s quivering sunshine over the tiny features of this child.” (81-82). Combining with her ravishing beauty, are the exquisite dresses that Hester has made for her to wear. With Pearl’s adorable looks and charming clothing,other children viewed her as unusual and strange.
Hawthorne uses light and imagery to demonstrate the sin of Hester’s crime and his disapproval. Throughout the text, the narrator has a very biased opinion which is in line with Hester’s opinions, and views Hester herself in a very positive light. However, Hawthorne truly views the letter as a vile object, as shown through Pearl. One day, while Pearl is still a child, Chillingworth and Dimmesdale watch as she places burrs on to the scarlet letter. Pearl first dances on a grave and when she is reprimanded by her mother, she finds burrs and “[arranges] them along the lines of the scarlet letter that decorated the maternal bosom” (Hawthorne 75).
In the ninth through eighteenth chapters of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, many things are established. The characters in the novel are beginning to be fully characterized, Pearl is described as “elvish” and to have an “elf-smile in her eyes” and at such a young age Pearl displays a supernatural intelligence that most three year-old’s do not possess. Pearl is a living example representing the sin of adultery that Hester Prynne, her mother, has committed, which connects to the theme. Pearl is very much alike her mother Hester, because of their captivating beauty. Another character development is the evolution of Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale’s illness. Dimmesdale becomes extremely ill, and he punishes himself because of the sin he committed which was also adultery, with Hester Prynne. Dimmesdale slowly begins to attempt to reveal his sinfulness through his sermons, but this leads his congregation to believe he is very holy and could never be a sinful being. Hawthorne uses dramatic irony, through this situation because the reader knows who the father of Pearl is and that Dimmesdale committed adultery, but the people of the
In the novel, The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne characterizes Pearl with contrasting personalities and roles she plays in Hester’s life. Pearl’s conflicting personality components, innocence and defiance, both derive from her isolation from society, which transpired because of her mother’s sin. Pearl represents the conflict between everything good and dark, which reflects in the role she plays in Hester’s life, as the physical embodiment of the A. While Pearl serves as a savior to Hester, representing possible redemption, she is also Hester’s tormentor, a constant reminder of her sin, and the consequences of disobeying her Puritan nature and religion. Hawthorne’s intent is established in the novel through Pearl’s attachment to the A, the mirror
Nathaniel Hawthorne makes readers see Pearl as a symbol of what Hester and Arthur Dimmesdale’s actions were. She represented their affection and sentiment for each other. She was the literal outcome of what they were. Even though she was just a child, according to their society, she was full of sins because of what her parents did. An example to show that she was treated horribly was in chapter seven. Pearl is taunted by a group of Puritan children even though she was just on her way to the governor’s mansion. She did nothing wrong, yet she was treated like she was a criminal. However, she did not let the children get off easily. She retaliated by throwing mud at them. While doing this, she also proved how she is not scared to stand up for herself. This can be connected to how Hester’s scarlet letter ‘A’ later resembles the word ‘able’. Near the end of the book, Hester is looked upon by others because of her ability to help them.
Hawthorne uses diction and similes of darkness to depict Hester's reputation in a Puritan society. Hester and Pearl converse with Dimmesdale in the forest when suddenly, Hester removes the scarlet letter from her chest. Pearl, who has never witnessed her mother without the scarlet letter, forces her to put the scarlet letter back on. The narrator describes, "her beauty, the warmth and richness of her womanhood, departed, like fading sunshine; and a grey shadow seemed to fall across her" (Hawthorne 166). Hawthorne uses a simile to compare Hester's beauty to fading sunshine.
Hester Prynne, Pearl, the townspeople, and Nathaniel Hawthorne each have different views of the “Scarlet Letter” that change throughout the story. Hester begins to feel proud of her letter but then soon humbles herself when she wears it and ends up feeling the guilt of her sin towards the conclusion of the story. The letter for Hester begins to shape her life along with pearl for it is an everyday thing for her. Pearl, as a young child, is aware of her mother’s letter but doesn’t fully understand its meaning. Pearl later on begins to only see and recognize her mother with the letter on. The townspeople, in the beginning of the story, hate Hester and her letter believing her punishment should have been more harsh, but later on they find a new meaning for it. Nathaniel Hawthorne varies with his opinions and view of the letter just as each character does. Each view represents a different side to the story.
‘The Scarlet letter’ is meant to be a symbol of shame for Hester, and instead it becomes a symbol of identity. As Hester’s character develops the Letter ‘matures” along side her . As it ages, it shifts from meaning “Adulterer” to stand for “ Able”.. Hester bonds to the letter as much as she bonds to little Pearl, by choosing to keep them both. She could have given Pearl to the minister and she could have fled New England and left the letter far behind her and moved on with her life, instead she chooses to embrace her punishments. The letter is almost insignificant beside Pearl as a symbol of the sinful act commited by Hester, and helps to point out the meaninglessness of the community’s system of judgment and punishment. The ineffectiveness of this course of action is reinforced in chapter seven “...and the bond-servant, perhaps judging from the decision of her air and the glittering symbol in her bosom, that she was a great lady in the land, offered no opposition.”