History Of Aspirin

It is important to control temperatures in these bulk reactions as you want to have a high percentage yield but you also want a fast rate of reaction. In order to receive a high percentage yield of Aspirin, you must use a low temperature as the forward reaction is an exothermic reaction. However this would result in a low rate of reaction. As a result, you must compromise in order to get a good

In this discussion board, I will review the findings and recommendations of the United States Preventive Service Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement: Aspirin use for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease and colorectal cancer.

The purpose of the lab was to synthesize aspirin and oil of wintergreen, and to determine its purity using recrystallization process, determining its melting point and using back-titration. To synthesize aspirin, salicylic acid and anhydride was used to drive the reaction to completion. In the synthesis of oil of wintergreen we reacted salicylic acid and methanol to produce methyl salicylate. This reaction is an example of a condensation reaction where the carboxylic acid and alcohol group combine to form an ester. In producing aspirin, we wanted to obtain the purest form, so we removed impurities such as unreacted salicylic acid and acetic acid. Acetic acid was removed by rinsing the sample in water because acetic acid is soluble in water. Salicylic, however, was removed by using the recrystallization process because it is insoluble in water. To recrystallize, we dissolved a sample of crude aspirin in warm ethanol and let it cool. Because aspirin is less soluble in ethanol than salicylic acid, it will crystallize out of the solution. To obtain the purified aspirin sample, we then filtered the solution to separate it from the impurities. To determine qualitatively the purity of the recrystallized aspirin, we determined its melting point using a melting point apparatus. Using the idea of freezing point depression, the presence of impurities will lower the melting point of the substance. Thus, by comparing the melting point to the actual

The situation in this case reflects the drug consumption at will. The case reflects the consumption of white aspirin powder for pleasure and delight by a girl named Winnie, who was caught in the act by a security guard. The self-consumption of aspirin by Winnie is believed to be regarded as an illegal dosage of non-permissible aspirin by Winnie as it is declared a drug by Macquarie Dictionary. Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, is a medicinal drug that is prescribed by the medical practitioners in case of treating inflammation and for reducing pain. The common side effects of aspirin dosage include dizziness, depression, nausea, abdominal discomfort and constipation. The over dosage of this drug can result in dangerous consequences

The purpose of this lab was to synthesize the ester isopentyl acetate via an acid catalyzed esterification (Fischer Esterification) of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol. Emil Fischer and Arthur Speier were the pioneers of this reaction referred to as Fischer Esterification. The reaction is characterized by the combining of an alcohol and an acid (with an acid catalyst) to yield and ester plus water. In order to accomplish the reaction, the reactants were

I hypothesize that salicylic acid will react with acetic anhydride to produce acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and acetic acid (vinegar).

The goal of this experiment was to synthesize aspirin. In this experiment aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid, was synthesized from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. In the reaction the hydroxyl group on the benzene ring in salicylic acid reacted with acetic anhydride to form an ester functional group. This method of forming acetylsalicylic acid is an esterification reaction. Since this esterification reaction is not spontaneous, sulfuric acid was used as a catalyst to initiate the reaction. After the reaction was complete some unreacted acetic anhydride and salicylic acid was still be present in the solution as well as some sulfuric acid, aspirin, and acetic acid. Crystallization, which uses the principle of

The over the counter medication once known only for its ability of easing aches and pains or fighting off fever and inflammation is proving itself to be quite the miracle drug. Aspirin has become part of the protocol for stroke victims as a preventative measure due to its neuro-protective benefits. Stroke can cause lesions in cerebral white matter, which may result in cognitive impairments such as deficits in learning and memory. White matter lesions (WML) have also been linked to increasing the risk of post-stroke dementia. Cerebral white matter damage has been widely overlooked. Comprised of oligodendrocytes that form the insulating myelin in the CNS, white matter is evidentially just as vulnerable to ischemia as gray matter.

As the proportions of the aging U.S. population increases, more people are susceptible to venous thromboembolism (VTE) that often contribute to prolonged hospitalization, health complications, disability, poor quality of life, and premature death. This increase in VTE-related deaths and health complications has threatened the health and the economy of the U.S. society. Health care professionals need to make a better decision in preventing VTE, especially with the rise of new oral anticoagulants. Therefore, this integrative review discusses the effectiveness of Rivaroxaban, a new oral anticoagulant, versus Enoxaparin, a standard therapy, in preventing the occurrence of VTE thus reducing the nation’s

This report presents the synthesis of Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), as the product of the reaction of salicylic acid with ethanoic anhydride under acidic conditions. Aspirin was purified through recrystallisation by vacuum filtration, followed by desiccation of the Aspirin crystal over silica gel. The percentage yield was calculated as 44.89% and a sample of Aspirin was analysed using infra-red spectroscopy and compared to the spectrum of pure Aspirin, this served as an introduction to the identification of functional groups in organic compounds. The melting point was calculated using an IA9000M apparatus and recorded to be 35.2°C, which was slightly below the melting point of pure Aspirin; known to be between 138-140°C. Both IR spectroscopy and melting point measurement were used verify the purity of synthetic Aspirin made, which proved to be fairly pure under these laboratory conditions.

Physicians across the country agree that daily use of aspirin for prevention of vascular disorders is controversial (Neale, 2014). Dr. J. Jaques Carter of Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston admits that he used to recommend a daily aspirin to all of his middle-aged adult patients, regardless of vascular disease risk factors being present, as it was standard procedure at the time (Neale, 2014). Dr. Len Horovitz of Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City explains that the FDA guidelines regarding “routine” prescription of aspirin for men and women over age 55 and 65 respectively have changed as studies have demonstrated the greater risk of GI bleeding

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death, outranking cancer in the United States, according to the data from CDC National Center for Health Statistics. The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) periodically publishes guidelines on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults. However, the 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline has still not gained multinational acceptance among providers (Stone, 2014). Pharmaceutical treatment versus lifestyle modification has been a controversy among the scientific community (Sinatra, 2014). Provider adherence to the 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Guideline in order to achieve universal standard of care remains a challenge. The recent guideline represents a major shift from prior cholesterol management, as it`s primary focus is on the role of cholesterol treatment in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk reduction versus a comprehensive approach to lipid management (Finkel, 2015).

According to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), “In April of this year, the task force updated its 2007 and 2009 guidelines and now recommends that some people ages 50 to 69 with a 10 percent or higher risk of cardiovascular disease take a low-dose daily aspirin for the primary prevention of heart

The Article I chose is “The Role of Aspirin in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease” published in the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health.

Throughout the years a lot has evolved. Pharmacy plays a big role in all things changing. Medications are a necessity. It helps millions of people curing them of illnesses, it moderates pain, and it is a tool. In order for pharmacies to stay efficient and grow in efficiency things are constantly changing. For example, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) was created as a step towards change. This legislation was created to be the beginning of the use of electronic health records. The CPOE is the computerized prescriber/ and or physician order entry. It helps hospitals and physicians offices use electronic health records in their practices and institutions.