Hawaiian Kingdom Research Paper

Queen Lili`uokalani started her reign on January 29, 1891. In the beginning, a group called the Annexationists wanted to annex Hawaii to America. On July 4, 1894, Sanford Dole, who was apart of the Annexationist, declared himself president illegally. Lili`uokalani then was arrested for hidden weapons in her home and then on January 24, 1895. Queen Lili`uokalani officially gave up her throne on January 24,1895. The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was unjustified because Queen Lili’oukalani was illegally overthrown and the Annexationist illegally created a government in Hawaii.

It was not fair to the Hawaiians that they couldn’t vote because the Hawaiians never got the people they wanted for a king and queen for their kingdom. The Bayonet Constitution greatly reduced the King’s power, making him just a normal person. All the power the King lost went to the Cabinet. The privilege of voting was no longer limited to the citizens of the kingdom, but extended to foreign residents if they were American or European. Asians were not able to vote even though they became naturalized citizens. The overthrow of the monarchy made the Hawaiians lose land. The overthrow made the Hawaiians only get 1% of land and the missionaries and the government got the rest. Since the Hawaiians got little bit of land, most of them didn’t have food so they got really hungry, and became homeless. The Hawaiians couldn’t pay for taxes so it meant they couldn’t buy land. King Kalakaua and Queen

Many Indians had clamored for peace from the fighting and welcomed the proclamation as a declaration of peace. Colonists in the area were irate for multiple reasons. One reason was the catastrophic loss of life from the Indian attacks that had left thousands dead and multiple settlements destroyed. Man colonists were upset with Britain’s decision to grant these lucrative lands to the enemies that had plagued their lives over the past year, especially after the French had been successfully removed from the region by Britain. Britain had no way or possible intention of enforcing the proclamation. Attempts were made that required any settlers wishing to encroach or settle on Indian lands to first require authorization. Eventually, settlers began to migrate westward, with or without authorization. Britain in turn approached the Indian leaders and gave them an ultimatum: either sign over the lands or defy the crown and be destroyed. The Indians, who had received their fair share of casualties from the recent attacks, had no alternative but to sign over their lands to the British since rallying the French against the British was no longer an

The United States had previously recognized the Kingdom of Hawaii’s independence. However, on January 17, 1893, U.S. troops took part in a conspiracy led by a small group of wealthy businessmen and sugar plantation owners to overthrow the monarchy of Queen Liliuokalani. Most Hawaiians opposed the nearly bloodless coup, as did incoming President Grover Cleveland. Once Cleveland left office, however, the United States fulfilled the conspirators’ wishes by annexing the islands in August 1898. Hawaii became a formal territory two years later and a state in 1959. The Overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was unjustified because Queen Lili’uokalani was charged for unnecessary reasons and was forced to do things against her own will that led to the absolute

Who: President Benjamin Harrison sent a treaty to the Hawaiian islands annex, for the senate to give ratification. There was four delegates John Richardson, William Auld, David Kalauokalani, and James Kaulia they all met up with Queen Liliuokalani and created a strategy so that they can present the petition to the Senate.

In many ways America was justifiable in making Hawaii apart of their territory due to the fact that they were not large enough to self govern themselves and could benefit from trading resources. Albert Beveridge who was an American historian stated that "the rule of liberty that all just government derives its authority from the consent of the governed, applies only to those who are capable of self government" (Text 3). This meant that if a country did not have the power to rule themselves, that they have no say in whether or not someone can take them over. He argued that Hawaii was to small to self govern and protect itself from outside countries. By America making Hawaii its territory, it allowed the island to be protected and governed by

The overthrow of 1893 was followed by the Reciprocity Treaty and groups of people such as the Hawaiian League, The Annexation Club, and The Committee of Public Safety tried to take Queen Lili’uokalani off of her throne. Their plan worked and the Queen surrendered her throne to the United States of America. In 1895, the Queen was imprisoned at ‘Iolani Palace and she also wrote multiple songs in the eight months that she was there. The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom led to Hawaii being annexed to the United States. The overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom was unjustified because Minister Stevens ordered American troops to go to Iolani Palace to help the Committee of Public Safety and the Committee of Public Safety’s goal was to overthrow the Queen and set up a provisional government.

either before or after his departure for Hawaii regarding attempts at achieving annexation in the Hawaiian Nation.” (3) Stevens had many reasons of his own to support annexation. When he arrived in the islands, he saw many great economic and military advantages to having Hawaii annexed as a state. He realized that Hawaii in itself was a growing industry, soon to be had as a major sugar producer in the world at the time. Plus, Hawaii offered a huge strategic position, lying in the middle of the vast Pacific Ocean, which could serve as a docking point for many U.S. warships. Stevens himself felt that he was doing good in helping an expanding America grow to even greater proportions by backing annexation in the islands.

NBC News posted an update recently about two women that were lost at sea for up to five months. (Update: as I am turning this in, I see that the story was updated this morning as well. This is the third time the story has been updated, I believe). This story has been told earlier, but those articles were focused on other details like how the women survived, for example. This article dives right into how the two Hawaiian women never used every source possible to get rescued. Right away the article mentions failure of the woman to use their emergency beacon, declared on board Lt. by Scott Carr, United States Coast Guard spokesman. Once this is brought up, the author moves to talk about other things to discredit the fact that the women were

In 1887, the armed militia of the Honolulu Rifles (the Hawaiian League’s all-white military arm) forced Kalākaua to sign the 1887 Constitution, known as the Bayonet Constitution. The Constitution removed much of the King’s power and gave it to the white American controlled legislature. It also restricted the right to vote to those with an an income of $600 and allowed noncitizens to vote. This effectively removed the right for Hawaiians and most non-white immigrants to vote and completely consolidated control in the hands of the plantation owners.

marines were going to take the king hostage. The king didn't object to this, but the

After discovering how the island was conspired into this seizure, Cleveland recommended that the monarchy should be restored. In a message to the Congress, specifically addressing Minister Wallis, Cleveland urged to restore the condition of the island as it was previous to the “lawless landing” of the forces of the United States at the Honolulu. He proposed that “the past should be buried” and the “restored Government should resume its authority” without being affected. But Congress did not act upon this command. In 1894, Hawaii came under Stanford Dole, who, declared himself president of the Republic without much consent from the natives. The queen was placed under house arrest held for the guilt of treason. A fine of $5000 was also placed on her. In 1896, the Republican Party called for the annexation of Hawaii in the presidential election. In 1990, Hawaii legitimately became a U.S. territory under William McKinley, out of fear that it may be annexed by Japan. He also feared that he lacked majority support for the annexation in the Senate. Eventually, several immigrant laborers from all over the world joined the sugar business. Today Hawaii comprises of people belonging to China, Japan, and Portuguese from Madeira and the Azores including Puerto Rican’s, Koreans and Filipinos. This resulted in Hawaii

In 1848, An event called the “Mahele” changed the traditional Hawaiian system of land tenure from communal use to private ownership (Kameeleihiwa 3). Events in the past of Hawaii, like the Mahele of 1848, left a devastating mark in Hawaii’s history; It helped eventually lead to the overthrow of the monarch and still affects today’s problems in Hawaii.

Lands were confiscated originally due to Maori tribes not agreeing to the Crown, this had an effect on the Maori people to respect and agree with Crown, because they were not willing to give up their land. When Maoris agreed not to sell their lands and agree with the crown regarding confiscation, later Pootatau Te Wherewhero made it final by terminating Europeans from buying land, so this would protect the Maori. In the 1860s, conflict arose amongst the Europeans and the Maori, as a result a war broke out between them.

Since the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, Māori gave authority to the Crown like giving small proportion of mana to rule the upcoming colonizers but being promised tino rangatiratanga (chieftainship) to remain with them as they had no intention to give it away (Adams 1977:235, Fenton & Moon 2002:25). However this was a misunderstanding of kāwanatanga between Māori and the crown. Crown had thought they were receiving sovereignty over New Zealand from the Māori chiefs, on the other hand Māori thought they were only giving part of their mana to the Crown. Moreover, the chiefs implied that only partial control will be under the British but the land will still be owned by the Māori (Adams 1977:235, Fenton & Moon 2002:34). Further on, Hapū (sub-tribe) felt kāwanatanga was disobeyed. This was because Crown let go of the promises that Māori believed were made to them in terms of rights and authority. Along the passing decades, it was seen that the Crown went on requesting complete authority over Aotearoa with this form of "kāwanatanga", overcoming the tino rangatiratanga of Māori” Māori had no power in the native courts (Adams 1977:235, Fenton & Moon 2002:37). Further empowerment of British procedures, initiated the Māori challenge against kāwanatanga.