Gromphadprhina Metabolic Rate

* How would you describe the structure and function of this animal’s respiratory system? Include any unique characteristics.

The last condition tested was the hot environment in a hot bath. The cockroach was left undisturbed for three minutes to let it settle and then the time for collection started at minute zero. The CO2 (%) and temperature (̊C) was collected every three minutes for a total of fifteen minutes. After the fifteen minutes was up the cockroach was allowed time to recover for

Pillbugs and sowbugs are terrestrial isopods that belong to the order Isopoda and the arthropod class crustacean. According to the Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, the terrestrial isopods have evolved from the marine forms. However despite the fact that they seek moist environments they must also avoid an overly moist environment (Journal of Insect Science, 2008). The two different species resemble one another phenotypically. However, pillbugs are a dark gray and the sow bugs are a light gray with posterior projections. Pillbugs also curl into a ball when they feel endangered and the sow bugs do not. The pill bugs used in this experiment were female. Isopods primarily live in dark, damp habitats in order to prevent dehydration (Isopod Behavior Lab). The purpose of this experiment was to determine the type of environment isopods prefer. First we tested to see if the isopods preferred a dry or moist environment and then we tested to see if they preferred the potting soil or the leaf litter environment. For the observation of isopods in response to moisture experiment it was said that each of the two different species would prefer a different environment. For part two, Observation of Isopods in response to other variables, it was hypothesized that the Isopods would prefer the potting soil or the leaf litter environment.

I’m finally in the lung. I can finally see what it looks like. I see a structure that looks like a three without leaves. I am passing the right primary bronchi. It is a tube like structure that allow for the passage of air between the trachea and lung (Health Type, 2012). As I move along the right primary bronchi branches off into the right secondary bronchi. Each one of the bronchi serves as an airway to a specific lobe of the lung (Wikipedia, 2011). The bronchi have cartilage plates, smooth muscles, and mucus-secreting gland cells in its wall (Wikipedia, 2011). They contain cilia, which removes dust and debris. Wow! The right secondary bronchi are branching off into very small passageways called bronchioles. The bronchioles are responsible for controlling air distribution and airflow resistance in the lungs (Wise Geek, 2012). They also contain cilia that help move air through the system. The bronchioles are now terminating at the alveolar ducts. They are the tiny end ducts that fill the lungs. At the end of

Global warming is causing a drastic climate change all over the world and it seen to have an effect on plant life as well. While desert winters have become warmer and drier over the years, climate changes have pushed the arrival of winter rains later in the year, forcing many winter-annual plants to emerge later when temperatures are colder (Sanchez, 1994). This can disrupt the feeding patterns of many animals and insects and they would have to adapt by eating vegetation and insects that they are not normally used to eating. If these plants include creosote bushes, then the grasshoppers are also in danger of being eaten to

Ectotherms experience many changes in their physiological and biochemical processes based on their surrounding temperature. Temperature can alter the way an ectotherm uses its energy in its daily activities. Researchers often measure this pattern of energy usage by looking at organismal metabolic rate. The metabolic rate can be described as all of the chemical processes occurring in a body. It is commonly determined by either the rate of production of CO2 or the rate of consumption of O2 (Nespolo et al. 2003).

• Pulse Oximetry - Tests the percentage of oxygen in the blood. 95% or more is a normal level,

The Black Panther breathes just like the humans. Panthers use their lungs to breathe in and out. The breathing starts at the nose and their mouth. It then, travels down to the back of their throat, into the trachea. The trachea is a long tube in the panther’s neck that goes all the way through their chest, that carries air out and into their lungs. After that, the trachea divides into smaller passages called bronchial tubes. Bronchial tubes, are the tubes that carry air into the lungs of the panthers. Then, the bronchioles end in balloon air sacs called alveoli. Alveoli are surrounded by a group of blood vessels that are called capillaries. Black Panther’s capillaries connect arterioles. Arterioles, which are small blood vessels in the panther’s

On the other hand, less CO2 is released (undergradsciencejournals.okstate.edu). The third insect used in this experiment is the Madagascar Hissing Cockroaches (Gromphadorhina portentosa). It has an incomplete metamorphosis life cycle, in which the juvenile looks similar to the adults (entomology.ca.uky.edu). Their life cycle usually last around 2 to 5 years in total (entomology.ca.uky.edu).

The diaphragm separates the chest and the abdomen as well as this it has a large role in breathing. The diaphragm moves down when we breathe in which expands the chest cavity making room for air to enter through the nasal cavity or mouth. When we breathe out the diaphragm moves upwards, forcing the chest cavity to reduce in size and pushing the gases in the lungs up and out of either the nose or mouth.

The diagrams above and beside shows the mammals gas exchange system.The norway rat is a mammal which also carries out gas exchange, as they are a animal that lives on land so therefore they get their air from the oxygen. Rats have a internal gas exchange system this helps to reduce the water loss and they also have mucus in their trachela keeping it moist. Firstly the air enters the lungs through the trachea, this splits into two bronchi and then smaller bronchioles these are held open by rings of cartilage. On the bronchioles are alveoli, this is where the gas exchange takes place. The alveoli are surrounded by capillaries this enables the gases to diffuse between the air and blood. The mammals blood system moves the oxygenated blood around

An insect is any small invertebrate animal e.g. grasshopper, locust, caterpillar etc. that have three segments known as a head, thorax and abdomen. Insects have an open circulatory system, and a fluid known as haemolymph that flows through their bodies. Respiration - the energy release process carried out in the mitochondria occurs in the cells and gas exchange in insects occurs in the tracheal system. The tracheal system opens to the exoskeleton of the insect through small pores known as spiracles. Spiracles are often arranged on either side of the body segments. These pores are often found with fine hairs which filter the air as it enters the tracheal

Small air sacks called alveoli are at the tips of the bronchioles. When air reaches them, the oxygen concentration is high, which causes diffusion into red blood cells travelling through pulmonary capillaries (7). The red blood cells then distribute the new oxygen to the rest of the body. When they reach the alveoli again, they exchange carbon dioxide (a form of cell waste) for new oxygen, and repeat the process. The carbon dioxide is moved through the bronchioles, bronchi, and trachea in the form of exhalation.

The respiratory system is the process responsible for the transportation and exchange of gases into and out of the human body. As we breath in, oxygen in the air containing oxygen is drawn into the lungs through a series of air pipes known as the airway and into the lungs. As air is drawn into the lungs and waste gas excreted, it passes through the airway, first through the mouth or nose and through the pharynx, larynx and windpipe – also known as the trachea. At this point it then enters the lungs through the bronchi before finally reaching the air sacs known as alveoli. Within the lungs, through a process known as diffusion, the oxygen is transferred to the blood stream through the alveoli (air ducts) where it is then transported inside

insects contain air tubes, named trachea and tracheoles throughout their body. These tubes are held in shape by rings of chitin. Insects don’t have a circulatory system as such, so the tracheoles are to reach each individual cell in the body, as they’re relying on diffusion to take place to take in oxygen. At each end of the tracheole, a small amount of liquid is placed, allowing gasses to dissolve, and then diffuse into each of the cells. The tracheal system is efficient in maintaining a high metabolic rate. The places in which the tubes leave the body, are called spiracles. Spiracles have the ability to open and close, to control the water loss. When in need of lots of oxygen, or if the environment is moist, the spiracles begin to open. When they close or are slightly open, they’re not in need of oxygen, or the environment is dry. Insects also ‘ventilate’ their gas exchange