In A lesson before dying by Ernest Gaines, Grant Wiggins is our protagonist. Grant is a school teacher who lives with his Aunt, Tante Lou, in the city of Bayonne. Immediately we learn that Grant is confronted with the problem of helping a man named Jefferson die thinking of himself as a man rather than a hog. Jefferson begins thinking and acting like a hog soon after his trial because of the strong language his lawyer used to defend him. Jefferson's lawyer portrays him to be a man with “A modicum of intelligence” (Gaines 7) and “A cornered animal ready to strike at any minute” (Gaines 7) jury. After being pressured by his aunt and Jefferson's grandmother, Grant grudgingly goes down to the prison to talk to him.
In A Lesson Before Dying by author Ernest J Gaines, Grant is the protagonist who is trying to do the right thing for his people. Grant is in a very turbulent situation, having to make Jefferson into a “man” by the time he is executed. This is the central plot of the story, but not the main themes and ideas of it. Grant is struggling to help Jefferson because he sees generations of injustice through him. “’We got our first load of wood last week,’ [Grant] told him. ‘Nothing changes,’ he said.” (Gaines, 53). The response Grant’s teacher gives him has a deeper meaning: he as Grants’ teacher failed to change the injustice and racism and Grant is in the same situation. “Nothing changes”, but Grant does not give up for the sake of Jefferson, his people, and most importantly, himself. At one point, Grant actually reveals that “it is too heavy a burden because of all the others who have run away and left their burdens behind. So, he,
At his execution, Jefferson has an impact on many people around him, most notably Paul, the sheriff’s assistant. After Jefferson’s death sentence, Paul tell Grant that, “‘he was the bravest man in the room today. I’m a witness, Grant Wiggins. Tell them so,’” (Gaines 256). Paul, although white, is human enough to recognize not only dignity, but bravery in Jefferson at his execution. He is so affected by Jefferson’s actions that he feels a need to drive all the way to the plantation to inform Grant that his efforts to teach Jefferson dignity had succeeded. Jefferson’s show of dignity also affected many people in the town. Ernest J. Gaines makes a point of including a chapter dedicated only to the reactions of various people in town to the electric chair. Finally, and maybe most importantly, Jefferson’s show of dignity affected Grant profoundly. After Paul tells Grant about Jefferson’s bravery at the execution, Grant, “‘went up to the desk and turned to face them. I was crying,’” (Gaines 256). Grant shows great emotion after realizing that Jefferson is truly gone and dead. Despite Grant’s promise earlier in the book to not get too attached to Jefferson, he has done exactly the opposite through the process of teaching him dignity. Now that Jefferson has been executed, Grant cries because not only is he gone, but because the dignity that he helped him attain has died with him. Although many people are saddened by Jefferson’s execution, they are consoled by the sizable influence Jefferson left on people around him. Despite his belief at the beginning of the A Lesson Before Dying that he would never accomplish anything, Jefferson has done quite the
In A Lesson Before Dying By Ernest J. Gaines Jefferson is sentenced to death by electrocution because he was caught in a liquor store when Brother, Bear, and The store owner Mr.Grope got into a gunfight and were killed. During the time blacks were found guilty till proven innocent. Miss Emma, Jeffersons Grandmother, knows he was wrongly convicted , but can't do anything about it because of how she is. So she has the protagonist in the book Grant Wiggins help Jefferson get through the case and till the night of the electrocution. Through out the book Grant installs a sense of pride and self worth in Jefferson before the day of his death , he also changes the way Grant himself sees the world as a whole, effecting the choices he makes thought out the book.
“You don’t get to choose how you’re going to die and when, you can only decide how you are going to live”. (Joan Baez). In the novel A Lesson Before Dying, written by Ernest J. Gaines, Jefferson doesn’t get to choose how and when he’s going to die, but he learns valuable lessons from Grant about how to live the rest of his life. This novel takes place in Bayonne, Louisiana, in the late 1940s. Jefferson is a twenty-one-year-old uneducated black man, who is accused of a robbery and murder that he did not commit. Unfortunately, the conviction led to his death by execution. While he is in jail, Jefferson’s grandmother wants him to die a hero, so she turns to Grant Wiggins, a black teacher at the local plantation school. During his time in
Jefferson and Grant Wiggins played major role in the novel A Lesson before Dying. Jefferson was from black family background, and he was excellent person as personality. Also, Jefferson was educated person by Grant Wiggins. One day Jefferson got involved in the murder because of his friends. Grant Wiggins is a great person because he is a teacher in the village.
In Ernest Gaines' novel A Lesson Before Dying he uses third person to, in detail, address the issue of racial injustice in the south during the 1940's. The character, Sheriff Guidry, understands that justice is relatively simplistic and runs in tangent with with the current society's beliefs. Because of this, he successfully learns multiple important morals regarding the white and black cultures of the 1940's which contribute to the character's learning about justice showing the audience the significance of the novel as a whole. Throughout the course of the novel, the protagonist, and to a lesser degree the secondary characters, question the values of their own lives compared to that of a mindless animal. Especially for the second protagonist,
A man who is sentenced to death feels like a nobody until he meets a man named Grant. Jefferson feels worthless during his time in jail, which then leads to a bet that Grant could make Jefferson a man. At first, Grant and Jefferson have some difficulties bonding with each other because they both thought that they were to different to work with each other. As A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J Gaines progresses, Grant and Jefferson soon learn to move past their differences and achieve their goal. Even though Grant and Jefferson have different ideologies, they both have to work together in order to achieve the unachieveable.
Aanya Gupta Mr. Nguyen English 10 HN 10 May, 2024 A Lesson Before Dying Essay Ernest J. Gaines's 'A Lesson Before Dying' opens with a chilling statement from a defense attorney: 'Why, I would just as soon put a hog in the electric chair as this.” This analogy sets the tone for a story that explores the intricacies of racial injustice and the possibility of reparation in the face of social rejection. Set in the 1940s Louisiana, Gaines's words paint a vivid image of how a society steeped in prejudice and discrimination. Against this setting, the story of Jefferson, a young black man wrongly convicted of murder, unfolds as a powerful exploration of the human capacity for resilience and transformation. Through symbolism and character development,
After the Civil War ended, many blacks and whites, especially in the South, continued living as if nothing had changed with regards to the oppression and poor treatment of African Americans. Narrator Grant Wiggins, of Ernest J. Gaines' A Lesson Before Dying, possesses a similar attitude toward race relations. Through his experiences with a young man wrongly accused of murder, Grant transforms from a pessimistic, hopeless, and insensitive man into a more selfless and compassionate human being who can see the possibility of change in relations between whites and blacks.
A Lesson before Dying, one of Ernest J. Gaines later works, was written in 1993. Some of his earlier works include A Gathering of Old Men and In My Father’s House. The novel covers a time period when blacks were still treated unfairly and looked down upon. Jefferson, a main character, has been wrongly accused of a crime and awaits his execution in jail. Grant, the story’s main protagonist must find it within himself to help Jefferson see that he is a man, which will allow him to walk bravely to his fate that lies in the execution chair. A Lesson before Dying captures the tale of a young teacher, who by helping another mistakenly finds his own soul. This paper explains the literary background of Gaines, facts about the novel, literary
After the civil war ended many blacks and whites especially in the south, continued living as if nothing had changed with regards to the oppressions and poor treatment of African Americans. Narrator Grant Wiggins, of the novel A Lesson Before Dying, By Ernest Gaines, finds himself in a similar situation towards racism. Through his experience Grant is forced to transform Jefferson who was wrongly accused of a murder from a “HOG” into a man. Although Grant was forced to make jefferson a man, he himself became more of one as a result. Grant transformed from an ignorant pessimistic person into a sensitive and compassionate human being.
In past years, as well as, in the twenty-first century, African Americans are being oppressed and judged based on the color of their skin. In, A Lesson Before Dying by Ernest J. Gaines, this is the primary conflict that plagues Jefferson’s as well as Grant’s everyday life. By pleading guilty to a murder that he did not commit, Jefferson has to choose to die just as he is, a hog in the white’s eyes, or die a man. On the other hand, Grant, who is his teacher, is faced with being looked down upon by his community all because of his race and status. He is graced with the challenge of turning Jefferson into a man before his execution date. It is only a matter of time before they both realize that they cannot change the past and they have
In Ernest J. Gaines novel A Lesson Before Dying, a young African-American, Jefferson, is caught in the middle of a liquor shootout, and as the only survivor is convicted of murder and sentenced to death. During Jefferson’s trial, his attorney calls him a hog in an effort to persuade the jury that he could not have possibly planned a crime like this. Having heard this, Jefferson’s godmother, Miss Emma, calls on the local school teacher, Grant Wiggins, to visit Jefferson in prison and help prove to the community, more importantly the white people, that Jefferson is indeed a man, not a hog. Throughout the book, Grant often contemplates why he is helping Miss Emma; he debates within himself whether he should stay and help Miss Emma and
Jefferson is a peculiar character in that the story is centred on his existence and, although his thoughts and opinions are seldom expressed, the lessons he learnt are completely unambiguous. As the tragic story goes, he is a very young black man unjustly condemned to death for a crime he did not commit. Furthermore, he is dehumanized in his defence when he is called a “hog” and this detrimentally affects his self esteem throughout a significant portion of the novel. However, this melancholic situation he is thrust into and his initial reaction to it is contrasted against his final moment which unashamedly reveals just how much he has learnt in his incarceration period. Jefferson, through the guidance of Grant, learns about the notion of dignity, a peculiarity that drives people towards the pinnacle of human
A Lesson Before Dying is set in rural Louisiana in the 1940’s. The setting is ripe for the racism displayed in the novel. Ernest J. Gaines weaves an intricate web of human connections, using the character growth of Grant Wiggins and Jefferson to subtly expose the effect people have on one another (Poston A1). Each and every character along the way shows some inkling of being a racist. However, Paul is an exception. He treats everyone as if he or she is equal to him whether the person is black or white. In A Lesson Before Dying, author Ernest J. Gaines displays the different levels of racism during the 1940’s through his use of characterization.