Imperialism Glorified in Heart of Darkness
Conrad's "Heart of Darkness" is, as Edward Said states a story about European "acts of imperial mastery" (1503)-its methods, and the effects it has on human nature. Furthermore I hold the presumption that Conrad incorporates much of his own experience in the Congo and his opinions about imperialism. Another recent critic also suggests: "he seems to approve of Marlow," the narrator (Achebe 1492). These revelations of the author are conveyed to the reader through Marlow's observations, descriptions, reactions, and statements.
Whilst "Heart of Darkness" is at times very critical of European imperialism, that criticism for the most part is directed at the false idealistic claims made
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When Marlow first receives his appointment with the company, he thinks that the Belgians are "full of it," full of the excitement of "running an over-sea empire" strictly for the profit from trade (1433). Our current use of the phrase "full of it" could also be applied, in that Marlow does not condone the way the Belgians are approaching imperialism. His judgment of the Belgians may be partly due to the fact that most of his confidence in imperialism lies within the red part of the map, England, where the "real work is being done." Moreover he is even more disappointed in the Belgians' approach to trade when he sees the overturned truck, decaying machinery, the natives chained together, and the natives dying in the shade (1437). The natives of the Congo cannot even comprehend what is happening to them: "the outraged law had come to them, an insoluble mystery from the sea." This unexplainable force came into their land, taking ivory in return for cheap manufactured goods such as cotton, beads, and brass wire. As Marlow says, the only way they could profit from these inexpensive goods would be to "swallow the wire itself, or make loops out of it to snare fish with".(1457) In reality the trade business is doing nothing for the people of the land, and all it appears to be doing is supplying a false consciousness of fairness and trade.
Furthermore, not only are the methods of the Belgians unfair, but they are also inefficient. This
The above epitomizes what Marlow thinks about what colonialism really brought to Africa. Some Europeans may have genuinely believed in the idea of colonialism as being noble, but this "belief in the idea" cannot save the horrible actions of colonialism or make them acceptable. Indeed this false belief in an idea, rather then the practicalities of colonialism only aids to brutality of such actions.
Finally the abuse of power in the Congo also demonstrates the hypocrisy of Imperialism through the corruption observed in ‘the company’. Before Marlow travels to the Congo itself he reveals that it was very difficult for him to ascertain a job, which would result in his exploration of the river which had charmed and fascinated him from childhood. It is at this point that Marlow decides to ask his aunt for help, and she manages to get him a job, which will take him where he desires to go. This clearly demonstrates that Marlow’s abuse of power right at the beginning of the book. He then proceeds to judge others who are abusing power when he is in the Congo. For
After living in the Congo and witnessing what the demands and desires of the sophisticated world can do to a less educated people, Marlow can not stand the capitalistic entitlement that allows the citizens of Brussels egos to float like the gods of Olympus. Marlow’s description of Brussels as ‘sepulchral’ animates the turning of his back on the society that the River Thames once symbolised. Marlow becomes dramatically more understanding of the Congo as his disgust of his once perceived ‘orthodox’ society eats away at him. This altering of opinion highlights the stark change in the meanings of light and dark within Heart of Darkness.
One of the first glimpses into the frivolous occupation of Africa by the Europeans is seen when Marlow recounts his journey to Africa aboard a French steamer. The immensity of Africa is describe as "The edge of a colossal
In Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, the interpretation of pre-colonial times is interesting in a way that supersedes other books I’ve read because it’s very honest with how the world worked it that era. The central aim which the shipmates in Heart of Darkness are pursuing is the expansion of their home countries’ empires. Yet many people are hurt in this enterprise, and it’s not only the colonized territories that are impacted negatively by imperialist Europe. Europe’s explorers that go to the Congo are constantly dying of sickness. Compare the ways in which the consequences of imperialism affect the different groups of people in the book, the more one can understand about characters’ actions.
Marlow tells a story of his first trip to Africa on a steamboat with a company that gathers ivory. The real adventure begins as he goes on a journey to the Congo to find a man known as Kurtz, who he has a weird obsession with upon hearing about him. Like the framing device of the novel, the idea of the Company and trading of ivory seems structured from an outside point of view. The Company appeases their journey by calling it “economic trade” and “civilization” for the savage. But through the journey, Marlow witnesses the cruelty of the Company. The structure’s underlying chaos and corruption gives rise to the hypocrisy of imperialism in the novel. The “economic trade” and “civilization” relates to the frame of the novel while Kurtz and the actual
Marlow shares details of the setting as he travels on the Congo, creating an uncertain and unfamiliar atmosphere for the audience. Conrad infuses Heart of Darkness with imagery of nature to show the true damage imperialism causes to native peoples. Instead of a beautiful, peaceful, paradise, the African jungle is described with words that suggest death and suffering. The quote supports the theme criticizing the negative effects of imperialism, and the hypocrisy of the imperialists’ actions. While they claim that they are improving the lives in Africa, the imperialists have actually damaged the jungle.
In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, the author fiercely challenges imperialism. Through this challenge, he demonstrates the internal battles of good and evil. In his work, he also displays issues of personal morals and alienation. At the time the novella was written, Europe had established territories across the map. It holds true that power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely, especially when said power reigns over the fate of humans in society. Conrad illustrates the corruption of power through the books’ motif of darkness and the renegade of Kurtz.
Imperialism and its oppressive processes have affected societies as well as individual lives for centuries. In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, oppression through imperialism demonstrates how a certain civilization, the Congolese, is affected negatively by imperialism. By focusing on Africa, it allows for a graphic recount of the many years spent reigned by foreign oppressors and tyrannies. In Heart of Darkness, the Congo is oppressed by the imperialists economically and geographically. As well, the oppressed people are taken advantage of spiritually. Conrad describes how the ruling tyrant is affected by the process of conquering a local people and this draws a parallel to the ruling empire. Conrad, through his novel, attempts to
Marlow’s evolution renders ‘Heart of Darkness’ a remarkable work of literature, but it is not simply the budding of the narrator’s mind that makes the novel sensational. Marlow’s perception of the voyage is what truly renders the work exceptional. European expansion, as written by European writers, was generally cast in a positive light. When Conrad depicts the desolation of the journey and reveals the sanities and lives robbed through the conquest, he clearly does not conform to the writers of his time. This exposure of European expansion in such a sinister a fashion was innovative for writers of the late 17th century. This revolutionary perception is what truly allows ‘Heart of Darkness’ to be considered a novel rich in moral and detail.
Joseph Conrad's 'Heart of Darkness' is a novel about European imperialism and its far-reaching effects. Conrad relates his personal opinions through the protagonist, Marlow, who learns a great deal about imperialism while on a journey to the African Congo. Although 'Heart of Darkness' seems to be an anti-imperialistic work, this is not entirely true. Conrad condemns the overly idealistic nature of imperialism, but does not attack Britain's competent employment of it.
Marlow's story in Heart of Darkness takes place in the Belgian Congo, which is one of the European colonies in Africa that is famous for the greed and brutalization of the native people. The novel reveals the deceptiveness of the entire colonial effort. In Europe, the colonization of Africa was justified because people were told that it would bring wealth to Europe, and it would also civilize and educate the so called "savage" African natives.
In Heart of Darkness, Joseph Conrad, challenges a dominant view by exposing the evil nature and the darkness associated with the colonialist ventures. It is expressed by Marlow as "robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at it blind - as it is very proper for those who tackle a darkness." The European colonialists are portrayed as blind lightbearers, people having a façade of progress and culture, yet are blind of their actions. They think they are brining a light to a darkness, yet they are the real darkness or evil. Conrad's critique of European colonialism is most apparent through the oppositions of light and darkness, with the
In the opening of his novel, Heart of Darkness, Conrad, through Marlow, establishes his thoughts on colonialism. He says that conquerors only use brute force, "nothing to boast of" because it arises, by accident, from another's weakness. Marlow compares his subsequent tale of colonialism with that of the Roman colonization of Northern Europe and the fascination associated with such an endeavor. However, Marlow challenges this viewpoint by painting a heinous picture of the horrors of colonialist ventures as we delve deeper into the recesses of the novel. Here we find that Marlow sees colonization as "robbery with violence, aggravated murder on a great scale, and men going at
First point: As we all know, the British Empire was the biggest empire that dominated the world ever since the British started exploring the earth in the 15th century. The fact that Heart of Darkness was written in the United Kingdom is highly ironic, seeing as the book talks about the hypocrisy of imperialism. This could be seen as Conrad mocking the ways in which the British Empire treated their colonies’ inhabitants. Because the book was published in the UK, Conrad earned himself an approval, in a way, to mock the ways in which his country treated its colonies. Conrad tells the reader how the white men in the stations used misleading descriptions of their actions in Africa, exposing how the “trade” and “civilization” were really not what