Essay on Gestational Diabetes

Most pregnancies progress with the mother being healthy, however in some cases problems do arise with the mother developing complications. This can in the form of gestational diabetes. Mothers who didn’t have diabetes prior to pregnancy exhibit high blood sugar levels, in most cases this is during the later stages of pregnancy, this could lead to pre-eclampsia and babies could be born with higher birth weights. If left unchecked mothers can develop type 2 diabetes post pregnancy.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an intolerance of glucose documented for the first time during pregnancy. It is usually a short-term type of diabetes and the most common health problem with pregnant women. GBM is caused by the way the hormones in pregnancy affect the mother. GDM accounts for 5-7% of all pregnancies (American Diabetes Association, 2010). During pregnancy the placenta develops and becomes the main bond between the mother and the baby. It is used to make sure the baby has and gets enough nutrients. The placenta makes several hormones which make it hard for insulin to control blood glucose and block the action of the mother’s insulin in her body (American Diabetes Association, 2010). Hormonal changes during the

Gestational diabetes is a disease that affects pregnant women it’s a glucose intolerance that is started or diagnosed during pregnancy. Based on recently announced diagnostic criteria for gestational diabetes, according to the American Diabetes Association, it is estimated that gestational diabetes affects 18% of pregnancies. Pregnancy hormones can block insulin therefore causing the glucose levels to increase in a pregnant woman’s blood. Gestational diabetes starts when your body is not able to make and use all the insulin it needs for pregnancy (American Diabetes Association). Without enough insulin, glucose cannot leave the blood and be changed to

Pregnancy is a diabetogenic condition and there are many different factors within pregnancy that can yield insulin resistance which causes the pancreas to function less effectively due to the stress.2 The most frequent causes of insulin resistance include: alterations in growth hormone, cortisol secretion, estrogen and progesterone secretion, and a variety of other hormones that are secreted from the placenta.3 Women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) also often have insufficient insulin secretion due to the impaired β-cell function and adaptation which is caused by the stress on the pancreas.2 The insufficient insulin production causes hyperglycemia because the glucose is

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) by definition is a carbohydrate intolerance that is developed or recognized for the first time during pregnancy (Chen, Chuang, Fang, Kuo, Lee, Li, Lin, NIen,Wu, 2017). With a drastic increase of GDM in recent years, attention and concern has been brought to the topic. GDM is linked to poor pregnancy outcomes including but not limited to; hypertension, macrosomia, maternal depression, neonatal hypoglycemia and stillbirth (Jagiello & Chertok, 2015). With these negative pregnancy outcomes, there is a much greater chance of NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) admission and that comes with the potential for further issues. To avoid these issues, proper detection of GDM is necessary for all age

Diabetes is when a mothers blood glucose levels are above normal, due to a lack of insulin. The pancreas is the organ that produces the insulin hormone. Insulin helps the glucose get into the cells.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a type of diabetes that was first discovered during pregnancy. According to Canadian Diabetes Association (2015), three to twenty percent of women develop Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). GDM is a result of increased insulin resistance or glucose intolerance. Incidence of GDM varies by age, body weight, and ethnicity. Canadian Diabetes Association (2015) mentioned that individuals who are at greater risk include women over 35 years of age, women who are obese, women with low physical activity, and women of Native, Aboriginal, Hispanic, South Asian, Asian and African heritage (Risk factors for gestational diabetes, para. 1). Infants of women with unmanaged gestational diabetes who fall under same risk group face problems like being fat at birth, blood glucose control problems after delivery and carry increased risk for diabetes later in life (What does gestational diabetes mean for my baby, para. 1).

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease; which occurs through the insufficiency of insulin being produced or its actions are not being utilized. This occurrence leads to hyperglycemia; an issue in which the amount of glucose in the blood is relatively high. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus falls under the category of DM. GDM also consist of a form of insulin resistance throughout the pregnancy of the woman. If a woman is to be high-risk to have diabetes at the first prenatal visit; they should receive a test to be screened for diabetes. The majority of woman get

According to Merriam Webster Dictionary, “Pregnancy is having a baby or babies developing inside the body: filled with meaning or emotion because of what is going to happen or be said.” During these nine months, women have to care theirselves in order to reduce the possibilities of future complications for the baby and the mom. There are several illness that appears when the women are pregnant. One of them is the Gestational Diabetes. “In the United States, approximately 4% of pregnancies are diagnosed as having gestational diabetes mellitus,” affirm a group of author. P. Reddi Rani and Jasmina Begum define that “Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) as any glucose intolerance with the onset or first recognition during pregnancy. This definition helps for diagnosis of unrecognized pre-existing Diabetes also.” Although gestational diabetes continue to be a problem during pregnancy in the United States, doctors and pregnancy women work together to reduce the risk for babies.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a form of diabetes that occurs in pregnant women who do not have a prior history of diabetes mellitus (American Diabetes Association, 2016). It occurs in approximately 7% of pregnant women across the world and 6% of pregnancies in the United States (Caissutti & Berghella, 2017). GDM occurs when there is insulin resistance leading to glucose intolerance or high levels of glucose in the blood. According to the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecologists, most cases of GDM resolve once the pregnant female delivers the child (2016).

It is estimated that 1-14% of pregnant women will develop gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) (Hieronymus, Combs, Coleman, Ashford, & Wiggins, 2016). GDM is carbohydrate intolerance developed during pregnancy and is the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy (Wilson, Dyer, Latendresse, Wong, & Baksh, 2015). Gestational diabetes has been known to have serious complications for both the mother and the infant (Gilbert, 2011). Management of GDM includes diet, exercise, education, and possibly insulin therapy (Kopec, Ogonowski, Rahman, & Miazgowski, 2015).

Even though it has long been known that women with preexisting type I and type II diabetes are at increased risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, the relationship of GDM to various perinatal risks has been less clear. O 'Sullivan and Mahan developed Glucose tolerance test criteria for the diagnosis of GDM, nearly

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different types of DM, also, describe gestational diabetes mellitus, drugs used for treatment, proper preparation, and administration, as well as the dietary plan. Also, explanation of the short-term and the long-term impact of the disease on patient and drug effects will be discussed.

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance that occurs during pregnancy [1]. GDM is a widespread condition in Indian women during pregnancy affecting nearly 21 percent of all pregnancies [2, 3] nationwide. Prevalence of GDM in India differs from region to region, with 3.8% in Kashmir [4], 16.55% in Tamil Nadu [5], 7.7% in Maharashtra, 7.1% in Haryana [6], 19% in National Capital Region [3]. Epidemiological studies have confirmed the association of GDM with increased feto-maternal morbidity and long-term complications in off-springs [7]. Women with a family history of diabetes may be predisposed to an increased risk of GDM. Studies have revealed that around 60 % women with history of GDM develop Non Insulin

Unlike type 1 and 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes isn’t permanent. It affects women when they are pregnant and usually ends after the baby is delivered (1, 8). The main causes of gestational diabetes are damage to insulin producing cells, resistance to insulin and genetic heredity. It is also believed that women that get gestational diabetes will have a higher possibility of developing type 2 diabetes (1, 8).