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Gender Roles In Victorian England

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Class Issues and Gender Roles in Victorian England
Victorian England was a period where women faced enormous financial uncertainty and social vulnerability. Due to a prevailing social construct of gender and gender roles, women of the time were perceived as the weaker sex thus belonged to the domestic sphere. As a result of this, there were very few prospects for a single woman with regards to improving her socioeconomic status other than through marriage. Jane Austen’s Emma and Anne Bronte’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall, novels written in 19th century England, both provide a lens through which the challenges of young women of the time can be observed and analyzed. Emma portrays a tenacious heroine, who is strong, intelligent and confident …show more content…

For example, in Emma, Mr. Weston and Ms. Churchill’s marriage is described as “an unsuitable connexion that did not bring much happiness” because she was wealthy and he was poor (23). Ms. Churchill “missed the luxuries of her former life [and] they lived beyond their income;” ultimately, this serves as a cautionary tale to those who dare to marry outside class structures (Austen, 24). Similarly, the influence of class structures is felt when Gilbert says “I did not know this estate was yours until enlightened on the subject of your inheritance … and then I saw at once the folly of the hopes I cherished” (Bronte, 884). Due to social sanctions that discouraged interclass marriages, Gilbert was uncertain if Helen would want him. As a consequence of this stratification, wealth remained in the hands of the elite and made it difficult for the majority of women, who were of lower class, to acquire useful social capital to improve their situation. Further exacerbating this unhealthy climate was the social construction of gender roles. The dominant belief at the time was that women and men had to operate in different spheres: the woman in the home and the man everywhere else. A clear example of this is given in Austen’s narration of her protagonist. Emma is described as “handsome, clever and rich, with comfortable disposition” yet for a young woman with so much intelligence and skill, the best she could do when bored was to play matchmaker (Austen, 8). Her situation shows how limited women were in terms of what activities they could partake in. Likewise, the social construct of gender roles is seen in Bronte’s novel during Helen’s argument with Mrs. Markham. Mrs. Markham believes that “boys should not be shielded from evil, but

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