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Gender Roles In America

Decent Essays

The lives of women in America have been impacted by socially constructed gender roles that have limited their growth as individuals and their roles in society. Since the mid-19th century women have been involved in social action to fight gender constraints, internalized sexism and the backlash from men who have not wanted to lose their privilege and control.
American women’s struggle for equal rights is considered to have formally started in 1848, when the Seneca Falls Women’s Conference was organized by Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony. The focus of the conference was securing the vote for women and gaining political equality (Marsiglia and Kulis, 2015). Other issues at that time concerned the legal policy of coverture, which …show more content…

Most men had always worked on farms or in small businesses in the home; after the Civil War they started to work at jobs within capitalist businesses in which they had less control of their work (Kimmel, 1987). During that same time gender roles started to change and a backlash developed against the changes in women’s roles. Men wanted to preserve existing social roles; medical and biological arguments were developed to maintain traditional gender roles (Smith-Rosenberg and Rosenberg, 1973). The medical field stated that women were frailer, their skulls were smaller, their nervous systems were prone to overstimulation and they were more emotional, and their bodies and minds were dominated by their reproductive systems. There was concern that education would overtax women’s intellectual abilities and be detrimental to their ability to reproduce (Smith-Rosenberg et al, …show more content…

This era was a productive era because more women stood up against inequality, they wanted more and strived for more. The Civil Rights Act in 1964 banned discrimination in employment on the basis of race and sex. Furthermore, it also established the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission to investigate complaints of sex discrimination
(Rothenberg, 2014). During the 60’s, many women were unsatisfied with the Equal
Employment Opportunity Commission’s lack of attention to women’s complaints. Betty Friedan and Rev. Murray formed the National Organization for Women. Women’s voices were heard as they now had a platform. During the 60’s and 70’s many milestones were met in regards to women’s issues. The Food and Drug Administration approved the first oral contraception pill for women, title 1X of the Education Amendments banned sex discrimination in schools which prohibited women from participating in athletic programs and professional schools, the Supreme
Court passed its ruling in the Roe vs. Wade case, establishing women’s right to safe and legal abortion and overrides the anti­abortion laws in many states (Rothenberg,

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