Formative Assessment
The goal of formative assessment is to gather feedback that can be used by the instructor and the students to guide improvements in the ongoing teaching and learning context. These are low stakes assessments for students and instructors.
Summative Assessment
The goal of summative assessment is to measure the level of success or proficiency that has been obtained at the end of an instructional unit, by comparing it against some standard or benchmark.
Examples:
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Examples:
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Asking students to submit one or two sentences identifying the main point of a lecture Have students submit an outline for a paper.
Early course evaluations
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Assigning a grade to a final exam
Critique of a Senior recital
University
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Types of Comprehension Questions2) Inferential Questions Examples: - explain clearly / explain the contrast… - suggest how… - what do you think… - why does the author suggest… - what impression…
Adapted from O level Comprehension and Summary Writing Guide
6. Types of Comprehension Questions3) Rephrasing QuestionsP Rewrite in your own words but keep the meaningP read the phrase or sentence in its context in the passage so that your explanation is appropriate to the situation Adapted from O level Comprehension and Summary Writing Guide
7. Types of Comprehension Questions3) Rephrasing Questions Examples: - Explain the term /phrase
/sentence… - Explain in your own words… Adapted from O level Comprehension and Summary Writing
Guide
8. Types of Comprehension Questions4) Vocabulary QuestionsP Explain word or phrase meaningP a certain word or phrase is chosen from the passageP You are required to give another word or phrase bearing the same meaning as the word Adapted from O level Comprehension and Summary Writing Guide
9. Types of Comprehension Questions4) Vocabulary Questions Examples: - What does the word suggest about… - What picture do these words suggest? - What does the word ‘even’ suggest about… - What does
‘preserve the market’ mean? Adapted from O level Comprehension and
Questioning/Wondering – ask questions based on material in the text. Read with an eye toward finding answers to questions.
Determine the meaning of general academic and domain-specific words or phrases in a text relevant to a grade 4 topic or subject area.
During web based instructional design (WBID) and development, formative evaluation will occur from school experts including the schools technology manager, assistant principal of curriculum, and the business department chair. They will review the materials presented in the WBI (web based instruction) elements for design, content, graphics, structure, message, and technical specifications. Formative of the final WBI prototype will take place as a small group of students (one section) field test the WBI over a term. Test and assignment scores, student participation, surveys, and discussions with students will assist with determining the relative successes and failures of the program as well as areas that need improvement.
Initial assessment can be described as set of procedures we go through to determine what previous experience, skills and abilities a learner has. The process may include skills scan screening for numeracy, literacy and language as well as learning styles and skills abilities, and recognise any prior R.P.L .The results of initial assessment should form individual learning plans so that training and support are delivered that will meet the needs of each learner .Formative assessment is the on-going assessment made in order to adapt to learners needs and respond to learning. Formative assessment helps you keep record of learner’s progress and
reasoning that is being described. In some places, the text describes a narrative or story of events that led to
He also wants to take a closer look at the author’s word choice. His analysis will include references to the text and other outside sources.
aims to provide a well-balanced approach of reading a text and responding to comprehension questions to give a retelling of events.
LA.3.1.7.3, LA.4.1.7.3; The student will determine explicit ideas and information in text, including main idea, supporting details, implied message and inferences, and chronological order of events.Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly and to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.
Quote: ______ or Paraphrase Cited by chapter/page: _____ Paragraph 2: Clear explanation of how the setting was a good place for a mystery _____ Clear explanation of how setting helped develop the conflict _____ Example 1: ___________________ Quote: ______ or Paraphrase Cited by chapter/page: _____ Example 2: ___________________ Quote: ______ or Paraphrase Cited by chapter/page: _____ Paragraph 3: Clearly explains opinion about the number and development of characters _______ Clear explanation of why think/feel this way about character development
When writing your response there are a number of key words and phrases that you can use to help you make links between the texts and develop your comparisons and contrasts
The Questioning the Author (QtA) technique is an inquiry into the text to determine if the author has provided a clear message. The reader becomes a critic of the author and questions the author’s intent and the text. Student centered text discussions replaces the traditional way of teachers asking questions, hence, allowing more discussions collaboratively between the students. Through the QtA routine and a list of generic questions supports student-reading comprehension (Jones & Leahy, 2006)
Student should stop reading, consider the words or phrases in the context, and then continue
How is this communicated in the texts you have studied? In your response, consider the motivations driving the events in your texts.
Moreover, the teacher also gave them examples of wrongly phrased passages that changed the meaning of the passage. Students were told that slash lines in the material they would read divided the material into thought units and that if they could use these to organize their thought, their comprehension
Recently, whenever I hear current teachers discussing about assessing students, ‘Formative Assessment’ is sure to be highlighted. Nowadays this method (formative assessment) is becoming popular among schools and is being applied widely in schools including my own school. Loughland and Kilpatrick (2015) identified in the few past decades, formative assessment has turned out to be the main goal for teachers and educational systems. On the foundation of Loughland and Kilpatrick (2015) findings and from my experience in the field of teaching, I found out nowadays teachers and school stakeholders strongly feel that formative assessment is the best method to assess in order to enhance students’ learning. For these evident reasons, I am interested in finding