Fluoride Essay

Fluoride has been used by people for many decades. The most common use is in toothpaste. Fluoride was added to toothpaste to lower the amount of dental cavities that one gets, and works by protecting the enamel (outer hard layer over the tooth). Another use of fluoride is in drinking water. It was added to drinking water to also help with tooth decay. Many people are debating whether or not this is truly safe. In the essay, “The Fluoride Conspiracy”, by Laurie Higgs, she talks about the use of fluoride drinking waters and dangers it brings by using logos, pathos, and ethos.

While safety has been an issue frequently raised by those opposed to fluoridation, scientific data from peer-reviewed clinical research provide overwhelming evidence that the adjustment of fluoride levels in drinking water to the optimal level is undoubtedly safe. Hundreds of studies on fluoride metabolism have tracked the outcomes of ingested fluoride. Ingested fluoride essentially travels three metabolic pathways. It is either excreted by the kidneys, absorbed by the teeth or taken up in the skeleton. At optimal levels fluoride has never been demonstrated to cause skeletal fluorosis or other bone problems.

Another issue of controversy is the safety of the chemicals used to fluoridate water. The most commonly used additives are silicofluorides, not the fluoride salts used in dental products (such as sodium fluoride and stannous fluoride). Silicofluorides are one of the by-products from the manufacture of phosphate fertilizers. The toxicity database on silicofluorides is sparse and questions have been raised about the assumption that they completely dissociate in water and, therefore, have toxicity similar to the fluoride salts tested in laboratory studies and used in consumer products (Coplan and Masters 2001). It also has been maintained that, because of individual variations in exposure to fluoride, it is difficult to ensure that the right individual dose to protect against dental caries is provided through large-scale water fluoridation. In addition, a body of information has developed that indicates the major anticaries benefit of fluoride is topical and not systemic (Zero et al. 1992; Rölla and Ekstrand 1996; Featherstone 1999; Limeback 1999a; Clarkson and McLoughlin 2000; CDC 2001; Fejerskov

Brian Bodeker 8/13/15 Block 1 World Literature 10, Mr. Simon Summer Reading Assignment Book 1: What went on in the house of Odysseus? 1. Where is Odysseus? Odysseus was exiled for twenty years from Ithica, but he returned home from the Island of Ogygia with Calypso (1.1).

I have been assigned the role of the leader of Fluoride Action Network. The Fluoride Action Network is a non-profit organization and an international coalition seeking to broaden public awareness about the toxicity of fluoride compounds and the health impacts of current fluoride exposures. The organization’s mission is to “provide comprehensive and up-to-date information regarding all aspects of fluoride” and to “remain vigilant monitoring government agency actions that may impact public’s exposure to fluoride.”1

Australia’s main focus is public health intervention by preventing dental caries through this process with a recommended level of fluoride 0.7 – 1.0 ppm or I mg-L or less is recommended levels of fluoride throughout Australia. (Adelaide.edu 2016) and (NSW Health.gov

In those case the person have to control the levels of fluorides because in most cases the levels are greater than FDA/CDC recommend but most people don't treat their water to lower the amount of fluoridation. In the case cities water systems fluoridation is monitored and adjusted to meet certain standards, low enough not to cause harm yet high enough to aid in preventing tooth decay. Tooth decay is a big health problem if not controlled. Which one the the water supply systems did you read about that was causing the health

Fluoridation is not a natural process nature thought of it first that fluoride in high level occurs in fluoride water studies shown a segmented frog suffers significant damage including bone disease, changes in behavior and shorter life span

Department of Health and Human Services address some of the public concerns about water fluoridation such as its effects on health and its ethical implication in the community. Some of the concerns express by the public were: safety of fluoride additives, fluoride’s impact on the brain, specifically citing lower IQ in children, effects of fluoride in the endocrine system, and cost effectiveness. In all cases, it was determine that in a concentration of 0.7 milligrams per liter, fluorided water was safe for consumption. Legal implications about community water fluoridation have been thoroughly reviewed by the U.S. court systems and the results have always being that water fluoridation is a proper means of promoting public health and welfare. Also, it is important to have in mind, that the state and local governments decide whether or not to implement water fluoridation after considering evidence regarding its benefits and

Fluoride in drinking water has been a hot topic in the past decade. Some communities are all for it and some are completely against it. With such a range of opinions on the matter some organizations have took it upon themselves to present the pros and cons of the fluoride to the public so they can make informed decisions. Often times these surveys are bias to one side or the other, so I shall be giving information on both sides of the issue, the future outlook, and my personal opinion in order to help inform you to decide on your own.

As indicated by John J. Warren, DDS, MS Steven M. Exact, DDS, MPH, there is overpowering confirmation that fluoride dentifrice is an exceptionally viable method for caries aversion, and it has been hypothesized that fluoride dentifrice, alongside group water fluoridation, are the primary purposes behind the caries decrease in many industrialized countries. Despite the fact that there is little question of the adequacy of fluoride dentifrice in aversion of dental caries, concerns have been raised as of late with respect to the part of fluoride dentifrice in dental fluorosis. This paper surveys both investigations of dental fluorosis that have considered fluoride dentifrice as hazard element and the adequacy of low-fluoride focus dentifrices.

The most important aspects that I concluded from the readings include: the social justice education project, disproportionate representation of minority students in special education and is common tensions in a pre- and post- Brown v. Board of Education era. The U.S. latina/latino population is rising across the nation however they are not rising in enrollment in higher education (Cammarota, 2007, pg. 87). Certain curriculum known as the Social Justice Education Project (SJEP) has influenced their viewpoints of their ability to graduate high school and attend college (Cammarota, 2007, pg. 88). Students enrolled in this project were Latina/o from working class families (Cammarota, 2007, pg. 89). The project also consisted of 17 students

First of all, naturally fluoridated water has fluorine levels of approximately 0.4 mg/L, while artificially fluoridated water can have levels up to 1.0mg/L. This long-term ingestion of excess fluorine can lead to fluorosis which may negatively impact teeth and bones. Dental fluorosis occurs during tooth development. Teeth are mostly composed of hydroxylapatite, which is a mineral form of calcium. When intake of fluoride increases, it also increases apatite content, creating white streaks and in more serious cases cause mottling of teeth. In addition, fluoride levels in breast milk are around 0.004mg/L. Therefore, infants who drink baby formula with fluoridated water will be exposed to 300 times more fluoride, increasing the risk of developing dental fluorosis. Skeletal fluorosis is another disease in which fluoride accumulates in the bone for several years. Early symptoms of skeletal fluorosis may be forms of arthritis such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis which are joint pains and stiffness. In more severe cases, the bone can calcify, which is the conversion of soft bone tissue into hard and insoluble calcium compounds. This can lead to muscle and joint impairment. (WHO) For over 40 years, U.S health organizations have claimed that skeletal fluorosis will not develop unless an individual intake 10-20mg/L of fluoride every day. However, studies in India and China shows that a person can have skeletal fluorosis with levels of 0.7-1.5mg/L. Fluoride can also impact

Fluoridation of drinking water addresses the health issue of tooth decay and the related dental problems associated with it.1 Fluoride is associated with this health issue since fluoride has been recognized as an important nutrient for healthy teeth.1

Many people opposing this view think of it as a harsh chemical but really it’s naturally present in groundwater and oceans. Even though we are adding more fluoride to the water, water fluoridation “is the adjustment of fluoride to a recommended level for preventing tooth decay.” and fluoride is “similar to fortifying other foods and beverages, like fortifying salt with iodine, milk with vitamin D, orange juice with calcium and bread with folic acid.”