Financial Ratios
In the acquisitions and mergers of companies, there are several financial ratios that are essential to consider. These financial ratios give clear pictures of the financial position of the parent company and the company that is to be acquired. The financial ratios indicate whether a company is in a financial position to acquire a new company, and whether it would be in the best interest of the parent company to acquire the new company. It is also important to note that an accurate indication of the strength of a ratio is dependent on industry average, competitors ratios and the historical ratios of the respective companies. These financial ratios are discussed below.
Liquidity Ratios
The first set of financial ratios to
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This computation is done to determine the amount of cash that make up a company’s current assets to cover current liabilities. The goal of these ratios is to provide a clear picture of a company’s ability to satisfy short term financial obligations given that such obligations needs to be satisfies within a specific short period of time (Ahmend, 2015).
Solvency Ratios
The next set of ratios to consider is the solvency ratios. The solvency ratios include the debt to equity ratio, debt to asset ratio and interest coverage ratio. The debt to equity ratio is calculated by dividing the total debt of a company by the total equity of the company. When the debt to equity ratio is high, it is an indication that a company financed mostly by debt. While this may not necessarily be a bad thing depending on the size of the company a high debt to equity ratio implies that there are more interests and creditors that a company has to pay in the future. It depicts a higher risk in terms of a company’s ability to satisfy its financial long terms debts. The debt to asset ratio measures a company’s total asset against total liabilities. A higher debt to asset ratio indicates that a company has a lot more debt than it can potentially pay in the future. The interest coverage ratio measures a company’s ability to pay off interest on loans with the current operating income. It is calculated by dividing operating income by interest expense. The higher the
The following report is a brief comparative analysis of two of Australia’s largest deposit-taking financial institutions (FI), Australia and New Zealand Banking Group Ltd. (ANZ) and Westpac Banking Corporation (Westpac). This report seeks to identify which of the FIs has a greater aggregate return per dollar of equity and thus establish the highest performer, or most profitable, of the two. The Return on Equity Model (ROE) (Koch & MacDonald,
The solvency ratio is the ability for a company to repay debts shown in a percentage. The ratio shows if a business can meet goals of a long term loan by calculating the current and long term liabilities divided by net profit after taxes plus depreciation. In years one through four the
Debt ratio - The Debt/Equity ratio is a measure of a company 's financial leverage and indicates what proportion of equity and debt the company is using to finance its
6. Debt Ratio: This nifty ratio is found by taking total debt over/divided by total assets. This directly shows the amount of debt a company has relative to its assets.
Current ratio shows how well the company can pay off its short-term liability obligations. Short-term liabilities are debt due within the next year. Companies that have larger amounts of current assets are better able to pay off their current liabilities. The higher the ratio, the better able the company is to pay current obligations. A low ratio indicates the company is weighted down with current debt and the cash flow will suffer. The equation for current ratio
Solvency ratios: The solvency ratios debt to total assets ratio and times interest earned tells creditors if a company will be able to pay maturing debt and interest. Total liabilities divided by total assets is the debt to total assets ratio. Creditors will determine if a company can pay the maturing debt by the lower the percentage of the debt to total assets ratio the more likely it will be able to pay its debts. The times interest earned is income before income taxes and interest expense divided by interest expense. The result of this ratio will tell creditors and investors the company’s ability to pay interest as it comes due. The higher the result of times interest earned the easier it is for the company to pay their interest.
Ratio analysis shows the correlation within certain figures of financial statements, like current assets and current liability, and is used for three types of company needs- within, intra- and inter-company. Association can be shown in proportion, rate, or percentage and can evaluate company’s liquidity, profitability, and solvency. Liquidity ratios show company’s ability to pay obligations and fulfill needs for cash; profitability ratios show wellbeing and success for the certain time period; and solvency ratios show company’s endurance over the years.
One is Working capital to total assets ratio that measures a firm’s ability to pay off its short-term liabilities and is calculated by subtracting current liabilities from current assets divided by total assets. The retained earnings to total assets ratio that measures a firm’s use of its total asset base to generate earnings is also used. It is important to note that retained earnings can be easily manipulated distorting the final calculation. The third financial ratio used by the Z score formula is the market value of equity to book value of debt. This is the inverse of the debt to equity ratio, and it shows the amount a firm’s assets can decline in value before liabilities exceed assets. For closely held firms, stockholders’ equity or total assets less total liabilities can be used but this amount has not been statistically verified for purposes of the formula. The sale to total assets ratio that measures a firm’s ability to generate sales with its asset base is also used. The fifth financial ratio is the operating income to total assets. This ratio is the most important factor in the formula because its profit that eventually makes or breaks a firm. In calculating the Z score, each of these ratios is given a weight factor that is used within the formula. (IOMA’s report, 2003). See appendix I for the Z score formula and how to interpret the results obtained. The Z score is used by firms when running regular financial data and firms use it to spot
This report provides a financial quarterly trend analysis for Costco Wholesale Corporation, Inc. founded in 1983. Costco Wholesale Corporation is the seventh largest retailer company in the world. As of July 2012, it was the fifth largest retailer, and the largest membership warehouse club chain in the United States ("Wikipedia, the free," 2011). Costco Wholesale Corporation’s stock is publicly traded on the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation (NASDAQ) under the symbol “COST”, which I will use as reference throughout this report.
When comparing the debt-to-assets ratio of McDonalds and Wendys, you have to divide the firms total liabilities by their total assets. Essentially, the debt-to-assets ratio is the primary indicator of the firms debt management. As the ratio increases or decreases, it indicates the firms changing reliance on borrowed resources. The lower the ratio the more efficient the firm will be able to
Before beginning an analysis of a company it is necessary to have a complete set of financial statements, preferably for the pas few years so that historical trends can be obtained. Ratios are a way for anyone to get an idea of the financial performance of a company by using the information contained in the financial statements. Ratios are grouped into four basic categories, liquidity, activity, profitability, and financial leverage. This document will use a variety of these ratios to analyze the firm, Sample Company, as of December 31,2000.
The calculation of ratios is the calculation technique for analyzing a company’s financial performance that divides or standardize one accounting measure by another economically relevant measure. Financial ratios can be used as a tool to demonstrate financial statement users for making valid comparisons of firm operating performance, over time for the same firm and between comparable companies. External investors are mostly interested in gaining insights about a firm’s profitability, asset management, liquidity, and solvency.
Debt ratio helps in comparing total assets and total liabilities. If you have more liabilities it means you have lesser equity and therefore an increased leverage position.
Financial results and conditions vary among companies for a number of reasons. One reason for the variation can be traced to the characteristics of the industries in which companies operate. For example, some industries require large investments in property, plant, and equipment (PP&E), while others require very little. In some industries, the competitive productpricing structure permits companies to earn significant profits per sales dollar, while in other industries the product-pricing structure imposes a much lower profit margin. In most low-margin industries, however, companies often experience a relatively high rate of product throughput. A second reason for some of the
Current ratio of Company X and Y is 1.80, and 2.55 respectively. This ratio presents the proportion of current assets to current liabilities. This ratio provided a measure of degree to which current assets cover current liabilities. Since both companies have excess of current assets over their current liabilities, they met basic requirement of safety margin against uncertainty in realization of current assets and funds flows. Generally, it is suggested that a firm should have neither a very high ratio nor a very low ratio. Very high ratio implies heavy investments in current assets reflecting under utilization of the resources. A very low ratio endangers the business in to risks of not being able to pay short term requirements. Normally, it is advocated to have the current ratio as 2:1 (Baker and Powell, 2009).