Families And Households In Early Modern Europe

This change might not seem significant since some of the women were doing the same amount of work at factories as they did in their homes, but women began to contribute to the family income. A numerical value could now be assigned to the work the women did compare to the unpaid labor at home. “The Era of the Common Man” focuses in on

During the time of industrialization, it was hard for a single earner of the family to feed each member, therefore, families must had two to three earners if they had to survive. In most of the families the children were very young, however, the only second earner were either their mothers, wives or the oldest daughters. Women suffered a lot while the process of social reform and

To explain, in both the pre-industrial and urban industrial periods men were pushed into and dominant in public life, whereas women were pushed into and expected to be in the private sphere, commonly the household. In both periods, the gender roles of men expected them to be the “money-earners” as well as the heads and decision-makers of families. On the other hand, gender roles of women expected them to stay home to raise and nurture children as well as do the household work as the domestic servants of the families. Though there were comparisons between both historical periods, there was a significant difference for women in the urban industrial period as some women, specifically widows began to work, though their gender roles reckoned them to be in the private sphere. Additionally, in the urban industrial period when the men went off to war, women replaced their roles and would also work in the public sphere to provide financial support to their families. Not to mention, there were contrasts between both historical periods when viewing family size and form. In pre-industrial times, monogamous marriages and living with extended families were the norm as religion viewed marriage as sacred and private, as well as assistance was required in establishing cottage industries

As industrialization spread in Western Europe, the production of products and goods moved from the household to factories which drastically changed family life. Married women were unable to work unless they left their children and home in someone else’s care. Moreover, middle-class women generally did not leave their homes in order to work. In contrast, the women of Eastern Asia rapidly joined the work force after the introduction of industrialization and made up a gigantic portion of the labor force. This difference is probably due to the fact that the rural women of Eastern Asia were always laborers, and they make up the majority of the female population. Additionally, European women generally preferred domestic labor to laborious tasks. Rural women were offered independence by leaving their homes in order to perform domestic work; they generally sent their earnings to their families or saved it for themselves. Moreover, the European women that participated in the work force were forced to travel long distances and were separated from their families from long hours. Additionally, their wages were significantly lower than that of their male counterparts. Furthermore, women worked under poor conditions and were constantly susceptible to disease. Similarly, the poor women of Eastern Asia sought employment in the cotton and silk industry.

The phrase “We are carrying the fire” is important in this book as it symbolizes many messages, one of these messages is hope. I feel that this is an important message because it is the thing that keeps the two going, even when times are tough. An example this is when they are running low on food, and the boy asks if they would ever need to eat other humans. The man reassures him that they would not eat anybody else, then goes on to explain how they are the good people and they are indeed carrying the fire. This was one of the first times this phrase was used in the book, and possibly also the most important. I feel that this is one of the most important because it also shows the man’s philosophy of life and how he feels that even though the

At the beginning of the 1800’s most laborers worked at home. The family functioned together as a working unit for the common good of all its members. Children would stay at home to help until they got married. They usually did not become contributing members until they reached the age of ten. Girls started somewhat earlier because they would be assisting their mothers with the domestic economy(Gaskell, 91).

In Europe during the sixteenth century, the large majority of the population either lived and worked on small towns or farms (about %90). Manors, the Church, and the government took usually more than half of what the peasants farmed (the taxes from the peasants had a big role in supporting the power of the state). Peasants sometimes payed their

     Many of people today feel trapped inside their homes, just how the women of Pre-Industrial Europe felt. Working day in and day out inside the homes, just to keep the family together, and make a little money on the side, these women were an integral part of Pre-Industrial families. Not only were the women important to Pre-Industrial European families, but so were the households. Much of the money was made in the households, and this is where families either succeeded or failed. The household and women of Pre-Industrial Europe played an integral role in the economy of the families, and more importantly, the women of these households kept them running

The agricultural revolution diminished the work for working-class farmers. Therefore, many families like the Franklins started to move to the city in search of job security and more money. Due to the effect of the Industrial revolution, factories became common workplace especially with the boom in the textile industry. At this time, children would also go to work in factories or other job industry. Sometimes, whole families would be able to go into work together.

We have learned over the course of the semester the many factors that contributed to the changing social structure in Early Modern Europe; many of these changes came about as a bi-product of science, technology, capitalism, and more importantly the call for justice and equality by a people that during tumultuous times grew weary with their standing in life and the forces that they deemed as having control over them. Religious conflicts, colonization and capitalism were just some of the forces that impacted the structure of Early Modern Europe. How these forces were conducive to bringing about social justice in such turbulent times is the focus at hand. Throughout Modern Europe resistance to the ruling powers increased, as people grew tired of increased taxation imposed upon them by the clergy, even the nobles were aligning with the citizens to rebel against monasteries and churches alike.

Industrial period home life was changed significantly. Homes were no longer a source of production. The rate of marriage increased as far more people could support a family and marriage itself offered advantages. Men, women, and even children were making contributions to the family’s income. An issue arose in the form of long work hours that would put a strain on family, or at the very least refine roles. Family time was often spent emotionally supporting one another after a very difficult day.

Leukemia is a type of cancer that starts of in blood-forming tissue. This disease is caused by the uncontrolled growth of blood cells in the bone marrow. White blood cells are the main culprit to the formation of this diesis even though they are essential components of the body's immune response to sicknesses and diesis. The way this diesis spreads throughout the body is when the leukemia cells overpopulates and replaces normal blood cells in the bone marrow. This cancer is not formed through genetics, but just forms in the body. As a result, this cancer cannot be prevented.

The rapidly growing of middle class in the industrialization effected on the social significantly, such as lifestyle, cultural norms, values and morality. The life of poor people was worse than it used to be because of the economy favored industry over agriculture. Many farmers have to move to the cities to work in the factories because they lost their land, and parents do not have time to take care of their children:

The household way of organization prevailed on farms, in small merchants’ shops, and artisans’ workshops. “Few productive establishments employed more than a handful of people not belonging to the family of the owner, and those rare exceptions were in cities” (Page 455). Most citizens worked inside the family economy.

Cities grew dramatically during this time because of immigration and industrialization. The number of cities with populations over 100,000 went from 9 to 38. Due to advancements in agriculture the farms required less man power. Therefore, some of these man and their families moved to the urban areas. The same thing happened to the women hand making clothes or other households items. Factories began to take over the making of these goods on a much larger scale. This forced the women to move to the cities in order to find work. When the got to the cities they found jobs and clerks, servants and laborers.