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Exploring Water Quality

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Water quality describes the condition of the H¬2¬O, including chemical, physical, and biological characteristics. The water quality test that are generally carried out are pH, turbidity, temperature, dissolved oxygen, dissolved phosphate and nitrate. Dissolved oxygen refers to the level of free present in H¬2¬O. It is an important parameter in assessing water quality because of its influence on the organisms living within a body of H¬2¬O. Dissolved oxygen is oxygen gas molecules (O2) present in the water. Generally, oxygen is spread through diffusion, which is determined by many factors including temperature of water, rapids, falls, time, climate and altitude. For example, a stagnant H¬2-O will have less dissolved oxygen than a fast flowing …show more content…

Oxygen will diffuse in the less oxygenated water due to the concentration gradient. Another way oxygen can get into the water is by photosynthesis (6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2) of phytoplankton and aquatic plants. The smaller the depth of water column the more light plants have from the sun increasing photosynthesis thus the amount of dissolved oxygen. Photosynthesis is the process of using carbon dioxide, H¬2¬O and light energy to produce glucose and oxygen. The oxygen and glucose created are then used by the plants and animals for respiration (C6H12O6+6O2 ------> 6CO2+6H20+36ATP). Glucose and oxygen from photosynthesis is used to create energy (ATP) for the plant while the carbon dioxide and H¬2¬O are by-product. The amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) produced by photosynthesis vary greatly on time of day. At daytime photosynthesis creates a large amount of oxygen while at night time photosynthesis cannot occur due to lack of light energy. Therefore, dissolved oxygen levels are measured in saturation (%) rather than mg/l. Mg/l will vary from time to time however saturation is calculated as the percentage of dissolved O2 concentration relative to that when completely saturated at the temperature of the

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