Expected Pattern of Development

The expected pattern starts at 0-3 years where a child is expected to develop the most. They have little control over their bodies at 0-1 years and are dependent on their natural instincts eg: sucking, grasping.

These involve the small muscles of the body used for hand –eye co-ordination, writing and grasping of small objects.

From 3 to 7 years the child’s movements will be more coordinated. They will learn to balance when hopping, skipping and playing with balls. The fine pincer grip when holding pens, pant brushes will be more defined.

Physical development is physical movements of all areas of the body. This may include fine motor skills, gross motor skills and hand eye co-ordination. Fine motor skills may be for e.g. threading a bead on to a piece of string, gross motor skills are for e.g. star jumps and hand eye co-ordination is for e.g. throwing a ball and catching it. These activities can be done indoors and outdoors.

|At |Born with swallow and suckle reflex and will ‘root’, |Will recognise the sound of their primary |Will cry to make their needs known, whether this|Bond begins to form between baby and their primary|

Between six and seven years old, a child can skip, climb confidently and jump from a height. Not only can they pedal on a bike, now they can ride it. Forming letters has now developed so that the child can write and instead of sewing a few stitches, they can now thread a needle too. Dressing themselves has become easier as they can now do up their own buttons and lace their shoes.

Social and emotional development: this refers to the development of the child's own identity and self image. Some may want to start doing things for themselves and become more independent. They will develop a sense of their own identity. Learning to live in a family unit and with others in society is a vital part of development in which will be contributed by friends and family.

Goes through physical changes at this age, as this happens they become more mature, and as they begin to show interest and skills in different subjects as their confidence grows through communicating effectively with adults.

Social and Emotional Development: Developing sense of own identity and wanting to do things for their selves, demanding of adults attention and being jealous of adults attention being shred, reluctant to share play things, acts impulsively, requiring needs to be met instantly, prone to burst of emotion tantrums, enjoys playing with adults or older child who will give attention, beginning to play with others of own age for short periods of time.

By age 2-3 years children enjoy playing with older people who provide them with attention and begin to enjoy time with children their own age. Over the next few years the child becomes more independent and coopertative and likes to help. They develop social skills and play with others is more comfortable as they begin to consider the feelings of others and make friends, although resolving disputes can still be an issue. Rules and routine are required to help the child feel secure and safe.

7-14 years --- By this stage, children have stable friendships, enthusiasm when given areas of responsibility and clear different activities between boys and girls.

| Walking, pointing with arms, starting to dress themselves, holding light objects.Interacting with balls, climbing stairs or furniture, using crayons etc with more controlled, starting to run with confidence and feeding themselves.

Cognitive development includes growth in memory, attention, reasoning, problem solving strategies, and language abilities (Mitchell and David 1992). Social development is how children of different ages relate to other people. In the beginning, the social world of a child consists of family members. Throughout development, they meet friends, teachers and other adults in their community. Social development is simply the act of making new friends and learning how to get along with other people.

Can kick a large ball. Can do simple jigsaw puzzles. Begins to ride tricycles. May move out of nappies and begin toilet training. Show some reasoning skills.

At this stage young people would have developed their own personalities and have their own views