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Examples Of Sleep In Macbeth

Decent Essays

Matthew Tomlinson
Macbeth Essay
Luten English
3/9/18

Sleep in Macbeth

In Shakespeare’s Macbeth, a single word can connote a range of meanings, including some that are even contradictory. For example, the word “sleep” suggests meanings that are nearly opposite: sleep is associated with innocence and peaceful rest on the one hand, but also nightmares and death on the other. While the word rarely appears in Acts 3 and 4, where the characters are involved in action, it appears often in Acts 1, 2 and 5, when characters observe the consequences of their actions. In Macbeth, the meaning of sleep is shaped not only by the context, but also by the character who speaks the word or is associated with it. Characters’ use of the word “sleep” can provide …show more content…

(2.1.61-63) Macbeth is anticipating and watching himself commit an attack on “curtained sleep,” which should be peaceful and protected and not a time or place for murder. Afterwards, Macbeth describes to lady Macbeth how he heard a voice cry, “‘Sleep no more!/ Macbeth does murder sleep” -the innocent sleep,/ Sleep that knits up the raveled sleave of care,/ The death of each day’s life, sore labor’s bath,/ Balm of hurt minds, great nature’s second course,/ Chief nourisher in life’s feast.”’ (2.2.47-52) This quote can be interpreted literally, because Macbeth has in fact killed Duncan in his sleep. However, the use of the word sleep also has a deeper, metaphorical meaning. Sleep is supposed to be innocent. At the same time, sleep is equated with the “death” of the day, in the sense that it enables people to rest and recover from the hard labor and mental strain of life. For this reason, it is like a bath, a balm, and even nourishing food. It is this restoring quality of sleep that Macbeth has murdered because Duncan is now dead forever. Similarly, when Duncan’s body is discovered, Macduff attempts to rouse everyone by saying “Shake off this downy sleep, death's counterfeit/And look on death itself.” (2.3.88-89) However, although Macduff …show more content…

It suggests that she too, along with her husband, is deeply troubled by guilt and cannot sleep normally. The gentlewoman describes to the doctor how she has seen Lady Macbeth, “rise from her bed, throw her nightgown upon her, unlock her closet, take forth paper, fold it, write upon’t, read it, afterwards seal it, and again return to bed; yet all this while in a most fast sleep.” (4-9) The doctor then comments, “A great perturbation in nature, to receive at once the benefit of sleep, and do the effects of watching!” (10-12) The doctor is saying that for Lady Macbeth to be both asleep and yet capable of action, is not natural. As she sleepwalks, Lady Macbeth recalls parts of the events of the murders of Duncan, Banquo, and Lady Macduff. Her incriminating words are overheard by the Doctor and a gentlewoman. Later, when Macbeth is putting on his armor, he asks the doctor how his wife is doing, and the doctor responds that she is not physically sick, but instead “troubled with thick-coming fancies.” (5.3.47) Thus, her sleepwalking, a form of sleep that allows her no rest, is the result of her overwhelmed and agitated mental state. Macbeth asks the doctor to cure her mental troubles, but this is beyond the doctor’s practice (5.1.62). At the same time, Lady Macbeth’s sleepwalking does not mean that everything she says or does is a

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