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Evolution Study Guide

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EVOLUTION STUDY GUIDE o Define the following terms:
1. Evolution – a change in the number of times specific genes that codes for specific characteristics occur within an interbreeding population over a period of time.
2. Fossils – preserved remains of organisms that lived long ago, usually in sedimentary rock.
3. Acquired traits – organisms that acquire, not inherit, traits over a period of time and that cannot be passed down to the next generation.
4. Artificial selection – a breeder that selects desired traits for a species and then breeds that species to have those traits.
5. Variation – physical and genetic differences in populations of a species.
6. Adaptation – mutations that help a species or population adapt to their environment; …show more content…

a. Classification – the process of classifying something according to similar qualities or characteristics.
b. Evolution – a change in the number of times specific genes that codes for specific characteristics occur within an interbreeding population over a period of time.
c. Extinction – the state of when a species dies out.
2. Fossil Evidence – when fossils provide information about Earth before there were humans.
a. Evolution - a change in the number of times specific genes that codes for specific characteristics occur within an interbreeding population over a period of time.
3. Anatomical Evidence – evidence relating to the structures of organisms and how they have evolved over time and might share a common ancestry.
a. Homologous Structures – structures that have different functions but have a common ancestry. (ex. – arm of a human, flipper of a whale, and the wing of a bat)
b. Analogous Structures – structures that have the same function but different ancestry. (ex. – bird wing and bat wing)
c. Vestigial Structures – structures (organs, bones, etc.) that have lost their function over time. (ex. – pelvic bone in the baleen whale)
4. Embryological Evidence – similarities in early embryos can indicate they came from a common ancestor.
a. Embryo – unborn offspring in the process of development in the mother’s stomach.
b. Common Ancestor – an organism or species that is the ancestor of 2 or more organisms/species.
5. Genetics and Molecular Evidence – looking at

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