EVALUATION OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH METHODS
St. Cloud State University
Abstract
This term paper evaluates the formats of different type of research papers available today. The additional knowledge for the comparison have been gained from the textbook Research Methodology: A Step-by-step Guide for Beginners – Fourth Edition (2014) with the available types of research papers and research methodologies. This paper includes the types of research paper and presents the appropriate suggestion. The paper will help the faculty member of Information Assurance to improve the format of available research paper format. This term paper will also add to the available knowledge base of MSIA community.
Introduction
This paper summarizes the types of research papers used widely in the science world. These papers can be categorized into Qualitative, Quantitative, Statistical and Experimental researchers.
The scientific research paper different from other research paper as they involve more numeric calculation and hence statistical and experimental research method are widely popular. In this paper, we will discuss how different research methodologies are incorporated to write the research papers for scientific work.
SETTING OBJECTIVE
The first and most important step in the research study is the formulation of a research problem. A clear statements of research problem will help to develop an effective research. The main purpose of formulating a research
The heading of the article gives clear information about the content of the article and study purpose. Research article has a formal appearance. The source is well structured in a good order with a graph and three tables. It has a decent length and rich content. The origin of the source is well-known as well as the names of the contributing authors.
The third resource that I used is from the Office of Justice Programs/Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS). A specific article titled “Intimate Partner Violence in the United States” shows a graph of intimate partner violence rates declining from 1993 to 2006. The article is quite vague, with no real description or stats stating whether or not men commit more violence against women than women do against men. “Violence between intimates is difficult to measure because it often occurs in private, and victims are often reluctant to report incidents to anyone because of shame or fear of reprisal” (S. Catalano).
The development of the scientific method in the late 1500’s to the early 1600’s was a crucial stepping-stone in the science community. The scientific method is based upon observations, hypotheses and experimentation. The concept is rather simple, and can be applied to many areas of study. Once an observation is made, the observer can make a hypothesis as to why that phenomenon occurs and can then design an experiment to prove whether or not that hypotheses is valid. Although the scientific method has been extremely useful in the discovery of various things from usages of medications to studying animal behavior, there are still those who question the usage of this tool. These critics claim that since
A single-subject design of research was utilized. This research design is a prevailing and practical tool that is applicable for assessing interventions with the participant seeking specific habitual behavioral changes under a given set of circumstances (monitoring SSB intake). The design involves a AB structure, where “A” is the baseline (regular daily SSB consumption) phase and “B” refers to intervention phase (limiting SSB intake). Outcome was recorded during both phases, which made it easier to understand because it showed (intake) what happened on a day-to-day basis. Baseline data will be collected daily at the home (setting) of the participant for one week and entered into a questionnaire and chart at the end of the week. The following week the participant did the same thing, but only this time SSB intake was monitored daily to see if limits could be put on consumption, the behavior the participant wanted to change.
To support the theory of continental drift is through topography, surveying the floors of oceans, charts of rock magnetism, and statistics on rock ages (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). At one time scientist believed that the deep ocean floors were flat; accumulating the sediment that progressively wore away from the prehistoric landmasses (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). However, they discovered steep-walled valleys and elevated highlands. This was evidences that just as the continents are transformed and are active, so to is the seafloor (Trefil & Hazen, 2010). The Mid- Atlantic Ridge, positioned in the central part of the Atlantic Ocean, is recorded to be the longest mountain range on this planet. Volcanoes, lava flow, and earthquakes are a source of
One known research method is the Scientific Method which is a uniform way of creating observations, assembly data, establishing concepts, testing predictions, and understanding outcomes. These observations are made in order to observe and define behaviors. The first step to take in using a scientific method is to develop an issue or question. Next step is to perform a research and observation on the issue or question that was developed. Then a hypothesis needs to be formulated after these steps have been made.
Overview The Boston Beer Company has had amazing success in its transition from a small scale microbrewer to a large scale national brewery. Almost all of the company’s success is due to the Samuel Adams Lager product line, which has hardly changed from the founding of the company in 1984, to the IPO in 1995, to the present day. In fact, much of the appeal of Samuel Adams comes from its microbrew image and the founder, Jim Koch’s, commitment to the brewing process and a premium beer. In recent years, however, the company has implemented a new strategy for growth which has included introducing a light beer that
The Scientific Method is the standardized procedure that scientists are supposed to follow when conducting experiments, in order to try to construct a reliable, consistent, and non-arbitrary representation of our surroundings. To follow the Scientific Method is to stick very tightly to a order of experimentation. First, the scientist must observe the phenomenon of interest. Next, the scientist must propose a hypothesis, or idea in which the experiments will be based around. Then, through repeated experimentation, the hypothesis can either be proven false or become a theory. If the hypothesis is proven to be false, the scientist must reformulate his or her ideas and come up with another hypothesis, and the experimentation begins again. This
Mathematical psychology is it a real subject? Yes it is I was even a little skeptical of this in the beginning but after even a little research I really became convinced that using mathematics in psychology can improve the understanding of the brain and how it works. Mathematical psychology is when you study behavior through mathematical concepts this will allow for more quantifiable data to check and verify the results. Another way to look at it is trying to use statistics and mathematical formulas to predict behaviors. Scientist and mathematicians use formulas and laws to assist in their studies and this will allow them to justify the information that they receive from the studies that they are conducting.
It is important to mention at this stage that a research study presented by a researcher may not give complete information about the selected topic. There can be certain limitations of methodology and the new researchers may criticise it for being incomplete. As research is a circular process in which ideas can be added and extracted by researchers anytime, the application of the presented ideas by one researcher are tested and verified.
It is impossible to use active voice when writing methods without using first person. This could divert reader's attention on the researcher rather than the work. Therefore when writing up the methods third person passive voice should be used. Normal prose should be used in each and every section of research paper. Informal lists should be avoided. And make use of complete sentences. Last but not least is the result part of the research conducted by the researcher. The page length of result section is set by the amount and types of data to be reported. Continue to be concise, using figures and table to present results are the most effective means of conveying final results. The purpose of a results section is to present and illustrate researcher’s findings.
Quantitative and Qualitative are said to be systematic in different design. Both design have to follow a process system that involved defining a principle of research.
The above objective is fulfilled by initiating an exact design required for performing the research process. The research design illustrates the basic understanding about the research (NLP) and various features.
The study for this thesis will be exploratory research using secondary data collected by the communication agency, MESH Planning. The agency developed an innovative approach called ‘real-time experience tracking’, which involves three stages of data collection. And both qualitative and quantitative data will be collected and used in this context in order to get an insight of critical incidents.
Formulating a research question is one of the most important aspects of research itself. There are two