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European Werewolf Myth

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From Shaman to Demon:
How the Spread of Christianity Shaped the European Werewolf Myth
At the mention of the word ‘werewolf,’ those familiar with twenty-first century literature and television will often conjure the same iconic image in their minds: an unsuspecting victim of a wolf-bite that develops a deadly silver allergy and undergoes a peculiar transformation every full moon. The modern myth we have grown to love stems from the medieval picture of a flesh-eating wolf-man in league with the Devil, which only barely resembles the werewolf stories of a pre-Christian Europe. With the spread of Christianity in Europe from the early Medieval Period to the end of the Renaissance, werewolf lore underwent a major transition to better complement …show more content…

Wolves inherently must eat to live, and werewolves, directly related to wolves, follow the same principles. Werewolves are very often shown as monsters for their habits of eating their neighbors or family (Beresford, Sidky), and that would make sense: the Old Testament of the Bible, one of the main sources of Christian doctrine of the time, both condemns murder and discourages cannibalism. Chapters of Leviticus, Deuteronomy, and Genesis paint the topic as negative by making cannibalism an old punishment for those who disobeyed …show more content…

Where does this tradition come from? In chapter 6 of John in the Bible, Jesus told the apostles, “I am the living bread that came down from heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. And the bread that I will give for the life of the world is my flesh” (John 6:51, ESV) and “Truly, truly, I say to you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you have no life in you. Whoever feeds on my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up on the last day” (John 6:53-54, ESV).
This begs the question: if Christians can eat the flesh of other men, why is it so wrong for werewolves? The answer may lie in the nature of how a werewolf was theorized to obtain his meals. Proposed by Christians who engage in the tradition of the Eucharist as it was practiced during the Middle Ages, cannibalism differs from Communion in the detail that while a cannibal must kill his victim in order to consume his flesh, “Jesus does not die when he is consumed during Communion”

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