Ethical And Abusive Coaching Behaviors And Student Athlete Well Being

Joe Ehrmann describes how he has developed his philosophy of coaching by relating the story of his life in his youth, high school and in college describing two different types of coaches he had played for. The first are coaches who were impersonal, authoritarian, and sometimes abusive which he calls transactional coaches; this is in contrast to the humane coaches he calls transformative coaches. Coaches must face this responsibility because we all remember our coaches. “This is the awesome power and responsibility of coaching: You give your players memories, for better or for worse that stay with them until the day they die” (Ehrmann, 2011 p 46-47). Joe Erhmann goes on to ask, “What is the moral and ethical composition of their program?

The difference of grows to the level of noncompliance is a 13-percentage-point proportionality gap while means more than three times as large for female athletes of -1.8 as for male athletes is -0.5. (Anderson & Cheslock, 2004). The law of Title IX has affected men's chances to expand their sports in opportunities for scholarship or program development. The decrease of opportunities for male athletes causes programs and scholarships be cut. Since Title IX’s inducted to athletics, the men's teams have served a great lost in numbers of sports teams.

Multiple sports currently played by both men and women have had a tremendous impact by Title IX.Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 simply bans gender discrimination allowing equal participation by males and females in any sport of their choice (Cummings 182). Through this portion of the Education Amendments of 1972, women have gained more playing opportunities and caused athletic departments to expand. Permitting women to participate in sports, provides many benefits to sports teams participation wise. SInce women are no longer allowed to be denied the chance to play on a team because of their gender, more teams must be created in order to fulfill this order. The impact of Title IX has reached high school and college level athletics. Just in 1980, the percentage of female college athletes increased from 15% (1971) to 30 percent, practically doubling (Title 73). High school sports have evidently been greatly influenced by Title IX. Back in 1971, 249,000 females participated in high school sports while last year (2013), there were 2.7 million participants, a significant increase (Murr 557-68). Not only have sport teams gained a large amount of female players, but they have also increased in popularity for this reason. Many minor sports, such as soccer and field hockey, have had a huge increase in both male and female participants, ranking them higher (Stevenson 486-505). Having participation from both genders allows one sport to gain popularity amongst others.

My topic is similar to yours. I have always been intrigued to examine the relationship between coach and athlete. In my experience, I have found coaches who provide positive support and are constructive with their criticism are more enjoyable to play for and give the athlete a more positive experience. Coaches that come across as condescending seem to push kids away from the game. It is important that the student-athlete has a positive experience, especially student-athletes at a young age. I feel if a student-athlete has a negative experience at the interscholastic level he or she will be less likely to stick with the sport.

Throughout history American college sports has been on the rise, attracting people from all walks of life through the lure of intense passion and competition that is demonstrated by athletes and fans alike. At the centre of the immense success of American college sports is its governing organization, known as the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), which has now become one of the most recognizable organizations in all of sports. As per their mission statement, the NCAA’s purpose is, “ To be an integral part of higher education and to focus on the development of our student-athletes.” (NCAA, 2016) With their recent growth, the NCAA has taken the popularization of college sports from a national level to an international level, as

African American males have excelled in many collegiate sports today. The main sports they are funneled in to excel are football, basketball, and track. In the past, African American men could participate in the sports but were not given respect. Now young African American men are being recruited for their hard work and God-given talents to play on a collegiate team. The demographics of African American athletes in sports especially division I has increased over time. In a 2012 report, African American males compromised 22 percent of all of division I athletics, in football 43.2 percent, and in basketball 57.2 percent (Lapchick, Hoff, and Kaiser 2013). Also, when they progress to the next level demographics show that approximately

College sports are an important focus and part of universities today. The NCAA has been around and regulating college sports since 1906 (“National Collegiate Athletic Association”). Over the years, the National Collegiate Athletic

“Foul Play” is a case study written to bring awareness to athletic coaches, athletic directors, and school counselors about the pressure and stress associated with competitive high school sports. The issues presented in this scenario challenge coaching staff and counseling departments to recognize “foul play” and when too much intensity on the field can lead to unwanted aggression off the field. Several theories and models would be appropriate to address the problems presented. Among these are the concepts of sports performance anxiety, aggressive behavior in elite athletes, and the psychotherapy approach to counseling student-athletes. Legal issues also need to be taken into consideration. Aspiring coaches, athletic directors, and school counselors will have the opportunity

The NCAA has relied heavily on the age-old characterization of college athletes as “amateurs” who are first and foremost “student-athletes” (Sanderson and Siegfried). Because they are considered students and

Jolley, D. (2009). Academic Achievement Is Improving for College Athletes. In C. Watkins, Sports and Athletes (pp. 71-78). Detroit: Greenhaven Press.

Literature surrounding athletic participation and its impact on the college experience is well documented (LaForge & Hodge, 2011). Many scholars purport that athletic participation enhances the academic experience, while others argue that it creates a divide between colleges’ missions and student-athletes lived campus experiences. To support this claim, Lawrence, Henedricks & Ott (2007) found in their study that nearly one-third of faculty who responded to their survey indicated that they believed that academic standards are lowered to achieve success in the sports of football and basketball. One question that is often posed by

There has been amplified debate on the treatment, education, training of the college athlete. To avoid exploitation of athletes, “The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), formed in 1905, set bylaws requiring college student-athletes to be amateurs in order to be eligible for intercollegiate athletics competition” (Schneider n.p.). Intercollegiate athletics have dramatically changed over the last several decades. Currently, intercollegiate athletics generate tremendous amounts of revenue, remarkably in football and basketball. College sports in America is a

Sport has been one of the most important socio-cultural learning experiences for males and females. Sports provide an amazing release for people of all ages. People are requested and welcomed to play sports at any age. Sometimes there are many limitations due to personal reasons that restrain people from participating in sport such as money, peer pressure, location, etc. For the last century males are expected to be strong, independent, and athletic. Male athletes masculinity symbolizes an image of physical health, and sexual virility throughout their bodies as well. Nowadays, women’s participation in sports is becoming popular but it is still overshadowed by men’s. According to the Women’s Sport Foundation before the title IX “given equal athletic opportunities, women will rush to fill them; the remaining discrepancies in sports participation rates are the result of continuing discrimination in access to those opportunities” (“ Title IX Myths and Fact”). Under the title IX, female has the playing field been. Women now can participate in many sports, which were only played by men before. However, the main reason that female usually do not participate is due to gender inequity. Some of people believe that the inequity in sports has not changed over the years, especially opportunities and benefits. Although sports provide opportunities for both males and females, female participating in sports generally have less opportunities to

An increase in the number of reported instances of parents engaging in abusive, violent, and controlling behavior toward coaches,

Chapter One lays the groundwork for understanding what researchers have found and are continuing to search for in coach-athlete relationships, as well as explores its importance and effect on those involved in relationship. As authors Sophia Jowett and Artur Pocwardowski progress through the chapter, they unveil the aspects of the coach-athlete relationship that can make them succeed or fail, how they can benefit or harm the individuals involved, as well as how the progress or regress. All these qualities are examined under different lights by four researchers that have created their own conceptual models of how the coach-athlete relationship is built and explains how the relationship is important to the participants by applying different