Essay On Dna Testing

This paper explores the history and some interesting facts about DNA. The last couple centuries have seen an exponential growth in our knowledge of DNA. The history of the DNA can be traced back to multiple devoted scientist. This article attempts to summarize, and review the basic history of DNA while providing some fascinating information about it.

Belgian Blues are absurdly muscular cows. The reason why they are so huge is because they have a specific gene that enhances muscular growth. In Bigger, Stronger, Faster, Chris Bell visits a farmer who raises these extremely muscular cattle. The farmer describes this unusual livestock, stating, “This is a Belgian Blue – 2600 lbs., all muscle, all natural” (Bell). These

Inbreeding in the dog’s lineage is one key point of the Pedigree that no one really talks about to the non-showing potential owners; it is indicated by one dog being used to sire multiple lines of the family tree. The AKC does not discourage this and often it is difficult to recognize for a non-showing owner. Many show breeders will not allow their puppies to be purchased by non-show homes in an attempt to preserve their lines. According to “A genetic assessment of the English bulldog”, written by N. Pedersen, A. Pooch, and H. Liu, “there is very little knowledge about the actual genetic status of the breed and whether enough genetic and phenotypic diversity still exists to significantly improve health without further reducing existing genetic diversity or relying on outcrossing”(4) (breed two dogs from different lineage to add fresh blood to the family tree). However, many show breeders believe that they must utilize a sire across more than one line within their pedigree to preserve the specific traits of the breed that make their bloodlines of champion quality. One could argue that in doing so, they are reintroducing certain predispositions back into their own bloodlines two-fold; reinforcing what may be a defect of sorts in their own lines.

One of the most common responses is, “pit bulls are dangerous” and are “born to fight”. While many people have been talking about the negatives for generations, it has already had many effects over the years. New generations are starting to believe these myths, and automatically think bad of the breed without knowing the facts. While categorizing the breed as one, many people skip over the positive characteristics pit bulls posses. No dog is “born to fight”, the dogs behavior is solely based upon the owner and how they train

The origins of DNA were first discovered during 1857 by Gregor Mendel the "Father of Genetics”, whom was performing an experiment of genetics with pea plants, and would provide a basic foundation towards DNA and Genetics. Friedrich Miescher and Richard Altmann in 1869 were also part of the first people to discover DNA. While testing some sperm of a salmon, they discover a strange substance that they would name as "nuclein", which is known as DNA. This new form of "nuclein" (DNA) would be found to only exist in chromosomes. Frederick Griffith, a researcher, found the basis on DNA, from a molecule inheritance experiment involving mice and two types of pneumonia. His findings were that, when virulent disease is heated up (to kill) and is

Before the 1980s, courts relied on testimony and eyewitness accounts as a main source of evidence. Notoriously unreliable, these techniques have since faded away to the stunning reliability of DNA forensics. In 1984, British geneticist Alec Jeffreys of the University of Leicester discovered an interesting new marker in the human genome. Most DNA information is the same in every human, but the junk code between genes is unique to every person. Junk DNA used for investigative purposes can be found in blood, saliva, perspiration, sexual fluid, skin tissue, bone marrow, dental pulp, and hair follicles (Butler, 2011). By analyzing this junk code, Jeffreys found certain sequences of 10 to 100 base pairs repeated multiple times. These tandem

Ever since forty plus years ago Agriculturalists have shown a variety of show cattle and ran ranches with them. I showed cattle for a few years throughout my FFA experience. Cattle have played a huge role in our society feeding families and other people who reside in this world. Their effect on human culture is something that we take much pride in when raising our cattle whether it is for companion or meat products. Previous cattle showman know and strive to achieve the ultimate goal: winning grand champion. This reward is earned by having the best show calf in the ring to the judge’s perspective. In order to reach this goal, the exhibitor must use proper feeding methods and show technique. (Insert thesis here.)

In order to succeed in the cattle business, it is vital you can recognize high quality calves. You have to know if a heifer or a bull is good or not before you buy it and breed it to make babies to sell. Also, the cattle industry is frequently fluctuating. With that being said, ones knack on remaining up-to-date with whether it be technology or equipment, and raising good cattle

This paper explores deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) collection and its relationship to solving crimes. The collection of DNA is one of the most important steps in identifying a suspect in a crime. DNA evidence can either convict or exonerate an individual of a crime. Furthermore, the accuracy of forensic identification of evidence has the possibility of leaving biased effects on a juror (Carrell, Krauss, Liberman, Miethe, 2008). This paper examines Carrells et al’s research along with three other research articles to review how DNA is collected, the effects that is has on a juror and the pros and cons of DNA collection in the Forensic Science and Criminal Justice community.

There has been a long history of the effect of body condition on postpartum interval; however, there have been limited reports to elucidate the interaction between body condition score and follicular populations and how this affects postpartum interval. Postpartum Interval is defined as the period of sexual rest during which the reproductive system is mainly quiescent. Follicular development is minimal; the corpora lutea, although identifiable, have regressed and are non-functional. Secretions are scanty and viscous, the cervix is constricted, and the vaginal mucosa is pale (Sheldon, 2002). A major obstacle in maintaining a 12-mo calving interval for beef producers, particularly for those using Brahman females, is the long duration of the postpartum anestrous period. In order to curb this, a postpartum animal must recover from the suppressive effects of gestation and parturition on the pituitary, ovarian and endocrine systems (Browning et al., 1994). Pituitary and ovarian function in suckled beef cows may return within 4 to 5 wk after calving (McNatty, 1988; Wright et al., 1990). Nutrition is a major factor controlling the length of the postpartum acyclicity (Randel, 1990). When an animal gains or losses body condition the amount of leptin in blood is changed (Amstalden et al., 2000; Amstalden et al., 2005), due to the increase in adipocytes, thus affecting the release of GnRH; and thereby affecting oogenesis, follicular maturation and ovulation (Gentry et

The term “Pit Bull” is a generalization of many similar breeds. The AKC registers the most common breed of “Pitt Bull” as the American Staffordshire Terrier. Without researching the breed, some assume the name from the UKC, which is an international registry, which registers American Bull Terriers. Some refer to them as cousins, and some disagree on their classification as the same breed. The Staffordshire Bull Terrier was originally bred “in the nineteenth century when coal miner in Staffordshire, England, wanted a small, fast dog” (AKC, 2013). Using the original Bulldog and a small local Terrier, the breed is “extremely courageous and obedient, highly intelligent and affectionate with a sense of humor. This coupled with its affection for its friends, and children

material of some viruses. RNA molecules are like DNA. They have a long chain of

Artificial insemination allows producers to use semen from different bulls to breed cows. Often times if a bull is out of the price range of the producer or is too far away, a producer will order a straw of semen from that bull for a much cheaper cost. Artificial insemination allows producers to select bulls with different genetic characteristics that may not be available to them elsewhere. With the use of artificial insemination producers are able to not only increase genetics within their herd but also increase genetic variety within their

From cases such as OJ Simpson to Chandra Levy, DNA profiling also called DNA fingerprinting or DNA typing has played a major role in the criminal justice system. The law enforcement community uses DNA profiling to rule out or identify suspects. Unlike hair microscopy, bite mark comparisons, shoe print comparisons, and firearm tool mark analysis, DNA typing has been developed through massive scientific research and has undergone meticulous scientific evaluation (Innocence Project). DNA is a foolproof method of identifying a perpetrator of a crime.

For the past 9 years I have shown 15 market lambs, a pig, and multiple heifers all at the Racine County Fair. Just last year I won grand champion carcass lamb on a 103 pound lamb. I want to show breeding stock sheep. In the future I want to show breeding stock at the Wisconsin State Fair and/or market lamb. I also want to buy a purebred, registered Suffolk ewe(s) and a purebred Targhee ram. I think that it would be nice to raise a different breed of sheep to have and show, because I could broaden my horizons on raising sheep by receiving and having better ewes to