Epstein - Barr virus (EBV) is an enveloped, dsDNA virus, member of the Herpesviridae family and Gammaherpesvirinae subfamily and it is a common pathogen, currently present in over 95% of the adult population (Murray, 2012). The virus is the primary cause of infectious mononucleosis both in childhood and adulthood. The disease is caused by proliferation of infected B cells and later their destruction by activated T cells (CTLs). EBV infects the mucosal epithelial cells, releasing progeny virus into the saliva and the B lymphocytes which leads to a long term, latent infection with little or no production of progeny virus (Acheson, 2011). Chronic EBV infection has been linked to multiple diseases including Burkitt’s lymphoma, Hodgkin disease,
The Epstein-Barr Virus is part of the herpesvirus family and was the first virus discovered to cause a human cancer. The virus has two stages of its life cycle, the latent phase, which allows the virus to lie dormant within a cell and the host and the lytic phase where the virus reproduces and spreads among cells. Haloperidol (HPD), a common mood stabilizer, aids in the initiation of the lytic cycle. Administering the Haloperidol at varying concentrations and exposure lengths will test what is the best time and concentration that will activate viral gene expression. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) will monitor the amplification of the BZLF1 gene expressed from the lytic virus and myc gene from the cell. These genes are regulatory
No, Epstein-Barr is highly contagious and no one else had been infected that she had been in contact with. Blood tests were ran and there was no sign of the virus.
Nipah virus, Arena Virus and Francisella tularensis are bioterrorism agents. They work in various ways to harm the host. Francisella tularenis is considered a Tier 1 bioterrorism agent and Nipah virus is an overlap select agent that affects humans and agriculture both. They have been harmful in the past. Though, Nipah virus is a newer virus than the other two. This review will focus on their emergence, pathogenicity and symptoms of the diseases they cause.
You have been receiving these symptoms for the following reasons, your viral infection, Coxsackievirus B1 which you had over 6 months ago, has increased your chances of diabetes due to the immune system incorrectly targeting the pancreas which makes insulin. Insulin allows glucose into the cells, however diabetes stops or decreases the amount to insulin being created, when this happens glucose is stuck in the blood stream and not in the cells therefore raising the blood sugar levels. The increase of glucose in your blood is making your kidney work overtime to filter and absorb the food. When the kidney can’t keep up the need to urinate which will be leaving your body dehydrated creating you to drink more water making you need to urinate even more.
Mononucleosis, Infectious mononucleosis, is a viral illness that is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and is commonly referred to as the “kissing disease”. Mononucleosis most often occurs between the ages of childhood to early adulthood. Mononucleosis is asymptomatic with flu like symptoms that may not be immediately recognized as mononucleosis. In most cases, mono symptoms are mild and can be resolved at home. Mono is not typically serious and usually clears up within one to two months.
It is a virus that desecrates immune systems and can slowly creep upon its victim due to its potential ten year incubation period. You might contract the disease and not even know it. The virus kills by destroying all your disease fighting T cells, leaving your body powerless to foreign pathogens that we are surrounded by everyday.
Most commonly known as “the kissing disease”, Mononucleosis or “Mono” is a serious and contagious virus. Mononucleosis is a condition where there is an unusual profiteration of the lymphocytes in the blood, due to an infection with the Epstein-Barr virus. The (EBV) Epstein- Barr virus is a common and highly contagious organism and is a member of the Herpesviridae family. EVP has played a role in the development of some cancers: Lymphoma’s and Nasopharyngeal.
Epidermolysis Bullosa, also referred as “EB” is a very dangerous disease. It can be inherited from parents. It is a common disorder that can affect your skin.
Herpes is a highly contagious viral infection with the family of eight different types of virus that affect the human body. There are (HHV1) which is also known as herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV1). This type target the facial area with cold sores on the lip of the mouth. Also, there is (HHV2) that is refer to as herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV2) which typically causes genital herpes, a sexually transmitted infection. Another is (HHV3) that is called varicella-zoster virus. HHV3 causes chickenpox. It can also cause a recurrent virus infection of the skin, which is called herpes zoster or shingles. In addition, there is the (HHV4) which is known as the Epstein-Barr virus. It is the major cause of infectious mononucleosis, or "mono" - the "kissing disease." It is a contagious infection and is passed on through saliva. Coughing, sneezing, or sharing utensils with an infected individual. Also, the (HHV5) it is the official name of cytomegalovirus (CMV) which is also the cause of mononucleosis. People that has a healthy immune system this virus at times does not show any symptom It can be sexually transmitted, it can cause problems to newborns, and cause hepatitis. Not only through sexual contact can CMV be passed on but, also by breast- feeding, blood transfusion, or by organ transplant. This infection is one of the hardest complication on Aid Victims It causes diarrhea, severe vision impairment including blindness, infections of the stomach and intestines, and even death. There is
Flavivirus is a group of single-stranded RNA viruses in Flaviviridae family that are causative agents of public health diseases such as Murray Valley encephalitis and West Nile fever. Since 1917, arboviral encephalitis has some sporadic occurrences in south-eastern Australia due to heavy rainfall following by widespread flooding that caused to enhance the population of water birds and mosquito vectors (Doherty, 1977). MVEV was first found and isolated from the passed away encephalitis patients in 1951 around Murray Valley. It was called ‘Australian encephalitis’ at the time, which covered WNV/KUNV and other flaviviruses infection (Anderson, 1954). However, the investigation later suggested that these viruses are causing different diseases (Doherty
Epstein-Barr Virus, also known as human herpesvirus type 4, is a common infectious virus that will affect greater than 85% of the population at least once in their lifetime. The virus was first discovered by, and named after, Sir Michael Anthony Epstein and Yvonne Mr. Barr in 1964 in the midst of researching a case of Burkitt’s lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus is predominately found in a host’s saliva, and is transmitted through direct and indirect contact with the infected person’s bodily fluids. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is responsible for numerous infections that can take place throughout the body, most commonly acute infectious mononucleosis. Infectious mononucleosis, simply referred to as “mono,” is an illness that is directly caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and can frequently affect toddlers, teenagers, and adults. EBV, along with infectious mononucleosis, is primarily spread from person to person orally through the following acts: kissing, sharing food and drinks, and coming in contact with contaminated objects, such as toothbrushes.
Mononucleosis is often caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) but may also be caused by other viruses such as cytomegalovirus.
After primary infection, usually acquired asymptomatically in childhood, BKV remains latent in many sites, particularly in the renourinary tract [5]. BKV reactivation is observed following immunosuppression, such as in organ transplant recipients [6].
For the Nipah Virus, fruit bats of the Pteropus genus have been identified as the natural reservoir. The virus has been isolated in many bodily locations, such as the brain and spinal fluid, and from environmental prototypes, like bat urine and partially eaten fruit, such as found in cases of Malaysia. Antibodies of the Nipah virus have been found in the sera of fruit bats, which have been collected in India, Indonesia, and many others such as Madagascar and Ghana. The presence of these antibodies indicate that goats, horses, and some cats and dogs have been reported as infected, with a history of exposure to infected pigs in Malaysia. This wide range of locations where NiV has been discovered represents its wide geographic distribution. While
Art has been around for a lot of years. A Journey to the oldest cave paintings in the world is an article that has a lot of interesting information about art and its past. This article also tells you about how old a painting can be and the different methods that they use to find out how old something is. People may think that something is art to them, but others might not.