Enzyme Lab Report

In the initial part of the experiment, the materials used were: cuvettes, broad-range pH paper, dry watch glass, a spectrophotometer, parafilm, transfer pipette, solution E (solution B and distilled water), sodium carbonate, hydrochloric acid, and solution D (enzyme ALP high concentration). The experiment was initiated by preparing solution E. Solution E was formed by adding 6.5 mL of distilled water (dH20) with 6.5 mL of solution B (para nitro phenolphosphate - pNPP). A total of four cuvettes were labeled control 1, acidic 2, neutral 3, and 4 basic (Wilson, et al 2015). Each cuvette contains a specific pH with the exception of the control cuvette as shown in Table

Hydrogen Peroxide, or H2O2, is harmful to most living organisms but can be converted to oxygen and water before the damage is permanent. This is thanks to enzymes, the biological catalysts that increase the rate of reactions. Enzymes can be studied by measuring the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. This can be done in a number of ways, including measuring the pressure of the product as it appears, measuring the rate of disappearance of the substrate, and measuring the rate of appearance of a product.

Enzymes are specific-type proteins that act as a catalyst by lowering the activation energy of a reaction. Each enzyme binds closely to the substrate; this greatly increases the reaction rate of the bounded substrate. Amylase enzyme, just like any other enzyme, has an optimum PH and temperature range in which it is most active, and in which the substrate binds most easily.

In order to understand how enzymes work, it is important to know what a catalyst is. A catalyst is a substance that enhances the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any irreversible chemical change at the end of the reaction (Chemicool). An enzyme is a protein that functions as a catalyst during chemical reactions. In order for chemical reactions to occur, a certain amount of energy in what is known as the activation

Enzymes are proteins that either speed up a chemical reaction without being used in a process in other words it is also catalyze (Jacklet 1998). They have different regions on its surface called an active site where it can recognize one or more molecules (Jacklet 1998). Enzymes are the main reason for living cells chemical reactions to stay alive (Jacklet 1998). Substrate chemically attracts the active site to bind and form short lived partnership the enzyme substrate complex (Jacklet 1998). When the reaction has occurred the substrate has

“Enzymes are proteins that have catalytic functions” [1], “that speed up or slow down reactions”[2], “indispensable to maintenance and activity of life”[1]. They are each very specific, and will only work when a particular substrate fits in their active site. An active site is “a region on the surface of an enzyme where the substrate binds, and where the reaction occurs”[2].

Enzymes are molecules that accelerate the rate of a reaction through the lowering of the activation energy necessary to perform the reaction without their presence. Depending on the environment that the enzyme is in, determines how efficient the enzyme will be in accelerating the reaction. Factors such as pH and temperature play a role on the enzyme’s efficiency and overall success of the reaction. For example, having a high temperature can break apart non-covalent interactions within proteins—the most common form of an enzyme. The breaking down of these bonds would result in the enzyme having a conformational change that does not allow the substrate to fit into its active site. In our experiment, we used the enzyme cellobiase in order to study

1. When there are two or more reactants involved in a reaction, the active site of the enzyme helps to orient the substrate. Without the catalyzation of an enzyme, the creation of a desired reaction between two substrates is very random and can take longer to occur. The enzyme provides a place where the two substrates can join and perform the desired reaction at a much faster rate that is less random. 2. By bending and putting stress on the chemical bonds of the substrates, enzymes are also able to lower the activation energy needed due to the correlation between the difficulty in breaking bonds and the activation energy.

Enzymes are molecules, usually proteins which speed up the rate of chemical reactions within cells. They aid in digestion and metabolism and are vital for life. Some types of enzymes help to break down larger molecules into smaller pieces so that they can be absorbed easily. Other enzymes help to bind two molecules together which then produces a different molecule. A specific enzyme only works for a specific reaction (Science, 2014).

Enzymes are biological catalysts, which speed up the rate of reaction without being used up during the reaction, which take place in living organisms. They do this by lowering the activation energy. The activation energy is the energy needed to start the reaction.

Enzymes are the catalysts in biological processes. They are large proteins that speed up chemical reactions. The enzyme forms the active site from small numbers of amino acids. The active site is the location on the enzyme where the substrate collides and the reaction takes place.

Although we might not always acknowledge this small proteins, enzymes have come to be revolutionary when it comes to our survival. This is because enzymes are an example of catalysts, which affect the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs by speeding up. Moreover, this is imperative for our survival because chemical reactions provide the energy required by our bodies to perform several life processes that allow us to carry out many of the activities we perform as part of our everyday life. Thus, an enzyme's ability to function properly has become a major factor in our body's ability to function properly and maintain homeostasis. Unfavorably, however, there are some factors that can negatively affect an enzyme's ability to

I came home from school and turned to the news, I could not resist but to look at the big bolded font letters of, “After 4,486 U.S. soldiers died in Iraq and 2,345 U.S. soldiers died in Afghanistan, 1 million U.S. soldiers wounded in both wars, and a potential cost of up to $6 trillion, a new group like ISIL now causes havoc in the Middle East. ”(Huffington Post) My heart went out to all soldiers who have been repeatedly sent out to war. It seems like we are always going to war, making it very familiar on the news. However I know the thoughts of war being evil would not comes across the mind of a citizen who lives in a country that is supposedly “the victim.”

Cells, the basic unit of life, undergo many different functions and chemical reactions to maintain necessary functions. In order for these reactions to occur, enzymes must be present. Enzymes are protein catalyst that preform very specialized functions. These compounds work to speed up reactions because they lower the energy level needed to perform these reactions. However, in doing so, they do not become altered and/or dissipate.

Enzymes are catalysts and are required in order to speed up or slow down chemical reactions within cells. The enzymes are biological enzymes that are formed from proteins, thus they are made up of amino acid chains and aid many functions that take place within the body (Castro, 2017). Without the use of enzymes, the reactions that take place in the cells would be substantially slower and may run the risk of not occurring at all. Enzymes are very specific molecules and reply on pairing with certain substrates in order for the specific reaction to be successful.