At present, there is a dramatic increase in the energy consumption rate in developing countries. The major sources of energy come from fossil fuels, oil, coal, and natural gas. This in turn can affect the amount of Green House Gas (GHG) emission and climate change problems. The development of small scale renewable energy farms in developing countries seek to reduce the amount of GHG. It also aims to provide a solution for people in rural areas who have no access to the national electricity grid. This POSTnote summaries the benefits and effectiveness of small-scale renewable sources in developing countries.
Background
Fossil fuel like coal, natural gas and oil are still the main source of electricity demand in developing countries. More than 3 billion people still use wood and coal for household activities, which emit large amount of Green House Gas. On top of that nearly 1.5 billion people in developing countries could not access the national grid system, due to the high investment cost of grid installation.
To improve the quality of life for people in remote areas, the global development association (United Nations Development Programme), set national policy to improve household energy consumption (Gwénaëlle , et al., 2009).
Using renewable sources are becoming an alternative of fossil fuel because of their infinite supply, low carbon emission, price stability in the energy market and economic benefits. Examples of renewable sources include solar photovoltaic (PV), wind,
As a evergrowing country, we need reliable energy resources. We need sources that wouldn’t require a large plant, cause environmental effects, be cheap enough to afford, would be something that is easily replenished, and something that would be safe to use. For example, burning coal (a nonrenewable source) is not good for the environment. We are suffering consequences such as more holes in the Ozone layer from using more than needed fossil fuels. Pollution is also a highly equal problem we are facing.
We need to incorporate renewable energy for power and electricity through resources such as sunlight (solar panels), wind (turbines), rain (micro hydro systems), and geothermal heat (power plants) instead of using fossil fuels.
Consider what it means to have access to affordable energy. The diversity of energy use across the world is due largely to different natural resource benefactions and obtaining power. For example, a country with large coal deposits will likely make wide use of this resource to develop its economy. The people living in this country will most likely use it as the primary means of power generation.
Targets 7.1 and 7.2 are currently being measured by researching whether developing countries have access to energy services and whether usage and access of renewable, moderate energy has increased around the world. Furthermore, the term “Energy Poverty” is used “where supply of reliable and convenient source of energy is unavailable for carrying out even basic needs” (Parajuli, 2011, p. 2300). Goldemberg et al. (2001) argue that “modern energy carriers are still not accessible to some two billion people, severely limiting their choices and opportunities” (p. 330). They also believe that renewable energy sources, such as wind turbines, modernized biomass, and photovoltaics are able to provide services of renewable energy with “zero or almost zero emissions of both air pollutants and greenhouse gases.” (Goldemberg et al., 2001, p. 331). A study in
It is the imperative of each country to supply its own citizens with water, food, energy, and good infrastructure. If a country wants to improve its own economic and political situations in the world, it should, first of all, advance the citizen’s level of living, because the main value of any country is the countries’ civilians. Therefore, one of the majority factors which could enhance life expectancy, wealth, and medical services, by the fact itself improves industrial and economic situations of a country is energy sustainability. According to recent statistics from the Central Intelligence Agency (2010), there are about 1.33 billion people live in China and all these people should be supplied by energy. Currently, there
Sub-Saharan region as low developing countries are claimed to have a low electricity access and modern cooking access though they have a large supply of energy resources. In the recent years, there is a huge jump of their economic performances, however, the improvement is limited because of the inefficiencies of power sector and poor power infrastructure are dragging its back. In line with the population growth in Africa, they all become the constraints of further economic development due to the lowering of electricity access rate. Thus, the low generation and access levels will result in a low per capita consumption. In fact, not only traditional biomass fuels lead to an unstable electricity supply, drawbacks to the economic, social and environmental aspects are also brought by the severe indoor air pollution which may damage human health. The three readings below give readers a thorough and detailed analysis based on the ways to widen the energy access in sub-Saharan Africa in order to achieve the energy access goal set by the FEMA and some regional economic organisations.
Being the second largest population in the world, India has accounted for the 10% growth in demand of energy around the world since 2000. Since the start of the 21st century the country’s demand for energy has increased more than 46% on a per-capita method. By 2013 India consumed 5.7% of the total
Alternative energy has been an option as an energy source for a few years now. Unfortunately, there were a significant amount of obstacles that it has had to overcome, or that it is still having to overcome. The obstacles range from the lack of efficiency of alternative energy, fossil fuels being more efficient than alternative energy, and the subpar technological advancements. There are situations where alternative energy is useful and should be considered. Although alternative energy has not always been a reliable energy source, today it is more efficient than in the past, and is a clean alternative to fossil fuels.
This report firstly gives an overview on renewable energy. Then it looks at four different sources as options. Finally solar energy is discussed in more detail with advantages and disadvantages.
Opposite such high production and consumption of utilities in countries such as the U.S. many other countries don’t have the resources to produce the same amount and quality of these utilities. In fact, it was estimated that in 2013 1.2 billion people were without access to electricity. This represents 17% of the global population (Energy Access Database, 2015). Fortunately, the realization of the need for alternative energy throughout the world has made it possible for many third world countries to utilize green systems in order to improve the daily conditions of citizens.
There are few criteria that must be met in order for energy to be called “renewable”, first the sources cannot be finite, second the sources must be carbon neutral, and lastly it must not pollute the environment. Most of the renewable energy either comes directly or indirectly from the sun and the other lone source is from the earth. The example of an indirect source from the sun can be wind, tidal waves, and bioenergy. After being aware of the bounds of the fossil fuel, more countries around the world are investing funds to develop renewable energy technology. A dawn of renewable energy is approaching and there are many countries around the globe like Iceland where more than 90% of the energy is derived from renewable resources. This paper will illustrate the benefit of the renewable energy by discussing its environmental impact, economical influence, and a source of stable/resilient energy provider.
If this was to expand to 1000 people, 16 kilowatts (at a bear minimum) could be saved. There are also other methods to save electricity, such as: using an electric water heater, replacing CRT TV screens with LCD screens, hibernating all desktops and laptops, and replacing older technology with new energy efficient certified technology.
There are several types of energy sources are being used as renewable energy sources as some of them are solar, wind, biomass, hydrogen, geothermal, ocean, hydropower.
Nearly three billion people worldwide rely on biomass fuels (2.4 billion) and coal (0.4 billion) burnt inefficiently on open fires or simple stoves. These traditional household energy practices have dramatic consequences for health, the environment and socio-economic development. Ensuring access to clean and efficient household energy is therefore a major and urgent challenge faced by low- and middle-income countries. Energy is a key factor for economic and social development. Worldwide, more than two billion people lack access to sustainable and modern energy technologies, (Amigun et al, 2008). In African energy sector, reform is rampant, institutional roles are shifting and new players are entering the market. Rising prices of crude oils and its related pollution which has seen decline in ozone layer has seen many countries adopting renewable methods to substitute this. Othere energy sources like electricity are still out of reach by many people. energy needs of the developing world have to be met in a sustainable manner. The invention and diffusion of green energy technologies in developing countries is one of the strategies perceived as instrumental in combating the negative effects related to the use of traditional hearths (Rwiza, 2009).
As the world’s population is increasing, the demand of the energy usage is also increasing