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Electronic Health Records (EHR)

Decent Essays

Electronic health records (EHRs) are a mainstay of HIT, and, since the passage of the HITECH Act in 2009, almost all hospitals and most physician practices have adopted some sort of EHR. Benefits of EHRs fall into 3 major categories: 1) quality, outcomes, and safety, 2) efficiency, productivity, and cost reduction, and 3) service and satisfaction. Many challenges to adoption and usage of EHRs exist. High cost associated with the adoption and maintenance of EHRs can be a limiting factor to their adoption. Technical issues, such as lack of controlled terminology can affect the capturing of clinical data. Another technical barrier is user familiarity with computers. Older users are more likely to resist incorporation of computers into their workflow …show more content…

The Leapfrog Group champions use of CPOE to help improve patient safety. CPOE works best when integrated with Clinical Decision Support, which will be reviewed in the next paragraph. When used in conjunction, physicians (or other high-level care providers such as nurse practitioners) can be alerted of potential problems with orders in real time rather than later in the order process. Also, CPOE eliminates errors made due to illegible physician handwriting. Like barriers for EHRs, incorporation of CPOE may result in the need for a complete overhaul in workflow processes, which is often met with much resistance and is extremely time intensive. Training issues are also of note during CPOE implementation. Physicians may be resistant to set aside enough time to train due to fear of lost revenue and backlog of work. Also, physicians may prefer to be trained individually, which can be an expensive, time consuming methods of training. As previously noted, integration of CPOE is touted to improve patient safety by reducing human error, but great care and attention must be paid during the implementation phase. Han et al observed an unintended consequence, an increase in patient mortality, during CPOE implementation at Children’s Hospital of Pittsburg. While CPOE implementation did result in a decrease in adverse drug events, researchers pointed out potential for problems, including increased time to enter orders, delayed medication administration times, reduction in nurse-to-patient ratios, and medications being given at incorrect

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