Ecological Service And Ecological Services

Ecological goods and services include: Forest (Purifies air and water, absorbs CO2 and provides Oxygen, wood and recreation) Fresh water (Provide humans with drinking, irrigation water, electricity) Food (Nutrients, vitamins and minerals derived from plants & animals) Wetlands, Grasslands & Coasts (Drought protection, purify water, provides humans with livestock’s, harbors & transportation routes. These

The worlds biomes at the moment are unable to feed the growing global population in the future. They might be able to feed the population now but as the population grows we need to increase the worlds agriculture to provide enough food to feed the growing population. In order to feed the growing population, the world needs to put into action some simple steps to increase food production and to reduce wastage from existing food.

Wallace, (2007) defined ecosystem services (ES) as “the benefits people obtain from ecosystems, which include food, water, timber and cultural values”.

The very importance of the ecosystem stands far above the millions of innovations mankind has helped introduce into our world. The ability to sustain important forms of life which are vital to our everyday activities which include the creation of the oxygen, the clean air we are able to breathe and food sources we extract from to feed the billions of humans on a yearly basis. In a strange way, ecosystems “provide” goods and services for human beings and with the proper care of these environments, we have access to a tremendous source which is vital to maintaining human life for generations to come. Unfortunately, while ecosystems have serviced humans for hundreds of years, human responsibility for maintaining care for these

Land and soil quality is important to agriculture, but so is plant and the animal systems. The can be defined as ecosystems, and agriculture is an agroecosystem. The ecosystem links between the function of soil, water, and air. Changing concepts have been made from management of a single-resource, single species approach to making it a multiple management approach that would involve the structure, composition, and function of the entire ecosystems. Soil quality can be defined as the capacity of soil that is to function with ecosystem boundaries to sustain biological productivity that will maintain environmental quality, and promote plant and animal health (CEQ, 1993).

Biodiversity is the extensive existence of the number, variety and genetic variation of different organisms that are found in their natural environments. Diversity in species is highly significant as it guarantees natural sustainability for all living networks and systems by providing vital services that our lives are dependent on such as food and clean water. The different ecosystems and organisms boost ecosystem productivity and contribute to climate stability.

While environmentalists and scientists have discussed the idea of ecosystem services for several decades, it only gained attention after an official announcement of its concept, by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA) in 2005. As a new field in ecology, I realized that there is much more research needed to be done in terms of management and sustainable development of ecosystem services. Many environmentalists have brought up new ideas and methods to improve ecosystem services and have created programs to promote their sustainability. Despite these efforts, however, the resulting outcomes have not been so successful than expected and ecosystem services still remain under threat. This leads us to question the effectiveness—the validity and reliability—of these programs and how they are managed. My goal in this paper is to analyze the efficiency of current ecosystem service management systems and present my thoughts and ideas on how we can improve them from an environmental, social, and economic perspective.

Ecology is a non-fiction text written by Steve Pollock, which centres around the subject on the natural state of our earth. This book discusses and explores on the various topics of our ecosystem, what it is and the different aspects in our ecosystem such as: population, trophic level, predation, Eco-life, relationships between the living organisms, and human impact of the environment

Franck and Brownstone define biological diversity as 'the variety and variability of living organisms and the biological communities in which they live' (36). Decades of progress in both the scientific and political arenas have advanced environmental legislation to protect biodiversity at not only the ecosystem level, but for specific species and genetic material as well. Research has shown the importance of every organism and their role in the global ecosystem, and legislation has gradually matured to protect not only species which may become endangered, but the habitats they need to survive as well. Growing consciousness surrounding environmental issues has enabled these protections to be

Food production, human health and welfare, and the state of the world's natural resources are all connected. Growing food is among the most essential services our ecosystem provides, since it is fundamentally dependent on the world's atmosphere, soils, freshwater and genetic resources. The health and sustainability of the food systems is a human health issue. For example airborne pesticides can drift onto water resources or pesticides can run off directly from croplands into groundwater and surface waters, potentially affecting wild flora, fauna, and humans. Besides water, soil is another critical basis for long-term fertility in food production. Existing agricultural practices mine soils of their organic matter and leave them nitrogen depleted. Because industrialized agriculture generally lacks practices to sustainably cycle these resources within the production system, they often become wastes that further undercut human

Biodiversity presents occurrence of variety of species and their natural community in which they live. By the definition it is “The degree of variation of life forms within a given species, ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. It is a measure of the health of ecosystems and is in part a function of climate.” (Rutherford) Ecosystem is on the other hand, “ community and its abiotic environment”( Rutherford). Biodiversity exists in every ecosystem, weather it is big one, or just ecosystem of one garden, it has the same importance because without it nature loses its ability to perform major functions needed for life on Earth, as it is oxygen production. Trough this investigation, two different ecosystems will be explored and

Humans have existed since 200,000 years but the Earth has existed around 4.5 billion years. Nature has provided us with everything we have today - food, medicines, materials, chemicals, metals, minerals etc. It can only keep providing us when we maintain the right environment for it to exist. This environment depends on the biodiversity of Earth. The number of species of plants, animals and microorganisms and the various genes in these species, different ecosystems such as deserts, rainforests and coral reefs are all part of a biologically diverse Earth. Hence Biodiversity impacts everything. We will discuss how Biodiversity plays a crucial role on social, environmental, and economic factors. We will also discuss what

Soil is a complicated structure made of nutrients, organic matter, fragmented rock, water, air, gases, and microorganisms (Withgott & Laposata, 2015). These organisms and nutrients play a large role in the composition of soil, therefore are fundamental to agricultural production, and indirectly an invaluable part of the New Zealand and Australia economy, as well as important in terms of social, cultural and environmental factors. Due to this, the need to sustainably manage these soils is great, to maintain its capability to support life (Withgott & Laposata, 2015). Sustainable management is defined as “managing the use, development, and protection of natural and physical resources in a way, or at a rate, which enables people and communities to provide for their social, economic, and cultural wellbeing” (Parliamentary Council Office, n.d.). It allows for resources, such as soil, to be used in ways, which provides

Regarding biodiversity conservation debates, many biologists, lawmakers and developers nowadays adopt the framework of “conservation science” (Kareiva and Marvier, 2012) to manage the environment in a way that can maximize the benefits to humans. Dudgeon (2014) described it as an approach to conservation that places greater emphasis on service provision of the species

Biodiversity has extreme fundamental value to a healthy life and ecosystem. It is the framework upon which we rely for our needs and well-being. It provides us with food resources, such as fruits and grains, as well as meat, fish, and milk products. Humans are dependent on biodiversity for cultural, economic and environmental stability. For example, farmers rely on bees to pollinate their crops, which allows for a greater supply of food and work. The economic value of biodiversity stems from its production of many everyday essentials such as food supplies, medicine, and raw materials. A healthy ecosystem can provide us with a source of clean water, fresh food, and clean air (Value of Biodiversity). A healthy ecosystem can also withstand disasters and recover sooner. These are