Dudley Doright: A Mounted Police Force

The purpose of this paper is to reflect the historical view of the Summerville Police Department and how it fits into the criminal justice system as either law enforcement, judicial, or corrections. Additionally, the paper discusses the jurisdictional, regulatory, and legal obligations of the department, when and how long has the agency existed, how jurisdictional boundaries changed over time, and the influence of technology, politics, and economic problems.

Starting In 1829, Sir Robert Peel began developing his theory of policing. These nine principles are as relevant today as they were in the 1800's. Peel established the Metropolitan Police when he served as Home Secretary of England. Since Sir Robert Peel introduced his principles of policing in the early 1800's, our country has continued to follow his ideas of effective policing. Community policing is based on Peel's concept of prevention.

The role of police officers is very significant to American history. Police work toward protecting citizens’ rights and helping America become the land of the free. The United States of America is built from the U.S. Constitution Bill of Rights and police play a major role in making sure American rights are met. Evolution has changed many of American history for the better; policing is part of those changes. As new issues in society arise, police must change and adapt to protect and serve the public.

The United States Police model traces back to the British Model of Policing. Originating in the 1200s, British law enforcement started as organized posses. At the time if a man heard a victim cry out he joined the posse and helped track the criminal. Typically, leaders called shire reeve (county leaders) or comes stabuli (mounted officers) led the efforts. The world sheriff traces back to shire reeve and constable back to comes stabuli. Small numbers of mounted officers were employed which meant that there were not numerous enough to handle everything handled by today’s law enforcement. This system created many feuds among competing posses. Public executions, often including torture, were common, but trials were rare.

     The period after the Civil War was a time when many businesses and corporations grew to a size where power was the key to success. Different companies would have to compete with each other to stay on top of the fast enlargement of industry. Many businesses and corporation grew so large that the factory owners did not care about the laborers themselves or there concerns, but how much time and work they could out of them. Machines became so abundant in factories that they almost took the place of human workers. Child labor was also an issue. Children, some as young as six, were often employed as factory workers. This ignorance caused the growth

Early policing in Colonial America had its beginnings in England. Police departments in America started to follow the trend. Actually, they were not police departments as we know them today. Policing in colonial America began as a night watch program of volunteers in the early 1600’s in the northern colonies, specifically in Boston. Early policing was not the same throughout the colonies. Southern colonies developed their own system of policing based on the needs of the community using watch groups and organized groups of white men known as slave patrols. The policing systems changed as the colonies grew in population, more small businesses, the development of large industries and more funding became available. “War and then revolution strained the Boston watch system…the French and Indian war 1756-1763…” (Wadman &Allison2004,p.10). The watch system in all of the colonies had similarities and differences, however none were very successful in reducing crime. New York, Boston, Charleston, Virginia, and Tennessee all suffered immense problems with their crime rate using the watch system. This was the first form of policing in colonial

Since the dawn of human kind, there has been some form of policing; whether that policing is based on taking revenge or the maintenance of public order and upholding the laws of the land. Although 200 years have passed, policing policies fundamentally has not changed. In this essay, I will be writing on early policing before the 19th century, policing in the 19th century, how policing evolved in America, policing now, and then compare the similarities and differences between today’s policing policies and those of the 19th century.

The history of policing dates back several thousand years ago when there was no order or peace and inhumane acts upon citizens was the norm with religious, political, or military police acting as the law. Policing was unstable and unorganized. Citizens took the law into their own hands and served as judge, jury, and executioner. There was not such a thing as being “innocent until proven guilty.” If the community believed an individual was guilty of a crime then the community would handle the offense themselves. American policing stems from the English heritage; crime prevention and control, preventive

A) The incident was not that serious, on May 28, 1997 Constable Blowes-Aybar and his partner Constable Wallace stopped a citizen Mr. O, as he rode his bicycle down the street for Highway Traffic act infractions, as a result constable Blowes-Aybar unnecessary or unlawfully arrested Mr. O for the offence of Public intoxication contrary to section 31 (4) (a). No, their were no charter of rights impacted by this case, but they did look back on older cases to come to a decision for the proper punishment of Constable Blowes-Aybar.

The 1960's changed the dynamics of law enforcement from previous years in the U.S. After the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, President Lyndon B. Johnson became the new focal point for the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War. The world was changing as well as the good guys versus the bad guys and freedom of speech became an epidemic. With freedom of speech came riots and protests fueled by a new movement that sparked President Johnson to construct the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice in 1967 and the National Advisory Commission on Civil Disorders in 1968 (Hoover, 2014). These implementations were designed to address the basic who, what, when, where, and how questions of crime and create a balance in equality. After changes were made of how law enforcement agencies reported their statistics, the Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA). LEAA was created to federally

Officer MOZDY of the Shenandoah Police Department was dispatched to Main and Lloyd Streets for a report of a pedestrian struck by a vehicle. The vehicle was described as a silver Dodge Neon with a broken front widow with tape on it and beared a Virgina registration. The vehicle was reported to have left the scene travelling towards Ringtown.

Canada has a long history of policing and keeping up with the changing times; starting with the Dominion of Canada in 1867 to present time. As Canada evolved as a Nation so did the Police forces of Canada. The first Police force in Canada was 1868 the “Dominion Police Force”; it was federal in nature and its main responsibility was to take care of the federal buildings in Ottawa. With increasing guidance and control needed their jurisdiction extended to policing of central and eastern parts of Canada. As Canada expanded to the west and Northwest Territories, Prime Minister Macdonald created North West Mounted Police (NWMP) in May of 1873 due to the Mets uprising and to control the whisky trade. The Metis uprising was due to the push of settlers

In Part One of Cops see it differently, Chief Flynn from the Milwaukee PD says that “at the level of cop working in neighborhood, race is irrelevant. It’s just people.” He argues that police in his city are not biased against Black residents, but rather that the majority of crimes happen in neighborhoods that are overwhelmingly African American. What evidence is presented in the episode to counter Chief Flynn’s perspective?

The four eras of policing are political era, reform era, community era, and homeland security era. The political era was between 1840s and 1919 where police agencies were underdeveloped, decentralized, and disorganized in their mission, role, and function. Police organizations nationwide were exposed for their inability to maintain order, to control crime, or to fairly provide appropriate services. The reform era occurred between 1920s and 1970s where police was removed from the political arena and established them more as members of a centralized, professional organization formed for the public good. The primary role of police in this era had contributed to the problems crating negative police-community relations. The community era was between

For over a century police departments in the United States and across the world have been following Sir Robert Peel's twelve principals of policing. Almost nothing or very little has changed since these principals were first implemented in England's "Scotland Yard". Many of these principals are behind today's investigating and policing practices.