Drab Guppies Research Paper

The data for Pond 5 were taken first on August 5th, with a temperature of 85.5°F, and wind was headed in a northern direction. Since Pond 5 is quite deep, the group took a small boat out into the middle of the pond about 15 feet away from the shoreline where the water is clear. The data for Pond 3 were taken on August 10th, temperature at time of experimentation was approximately 79.3°F, and wind was northerly. The group walked through the pond to the north of island 1 (Figure 2) and obtained the samples.

When the dissolved oxygen level drops below 2.0 the trout seem to lose all their coloring. Once they lose their coloring they do not get it back.

Do you observe a selective advantage or disadvantage for the red or blue beads on the blue habitat? Why?

The golden trout’s skin is a gradient, ranging from deep blue to turquoise to gray on its top to shimmering gold on its bottom. The two colors blend on the middle of the fish's side, a flawless inter-melting of two vibrant hues. A bright red band streaks across its middle, blood red, and bright. Around 10 dark

With the addition of cichlid A it would have good eye sight which would allow it to see the particularly bright spotted guppies. These bright spotted guppies would then be eaten and only the less bright guppies would survive to reproduce creating a population of less bright spots. The cichlid B would have eyesight level somewhere in-between the other two predators. With the presence of cichlid B there was a low population of guppies with bright spots and a low population of guppies with dull spots. Therefore the guppies with the brightest spots would be eaten while the guppies will in-betweens spots were able to reproduce while guppies with dull spots did not get the chance to reproduce.

As the Dissolved oxygen increases so does the number of fish that are observed, until the ppm gets up to 14 then the

- To test this hypothesis my experimental approach would be testing different bodies of water or testing one and just testing different areas while tracking the fish.

The null hypothesis for this experiment is that there is no statistically significant relationship between the metabolic rate of goldfish and their exposure to light. The alternative hypothesis is that goldfish exposed to ambient light will exhibit a higher metabolic rate compared to goldfish that are exposed to dark light. Results Overall 86 goldfish (N=43) were used in the experiment. Altogether, 43 trails (2 fish per trial) were conducted in order to track the metabolic rates of the fishes. Differences in metabolic rates (with respect to light exposure) were calculated by measuring the changes of oxygen concentration in the water chambers where the fishes were placed.

Being loose-school natured fish, the Guppies need to be on the go constantly with good tank breeding potential even as they eat their young, they still manage to reproduce easily enough in community living.

The Colours of the lab greatly affected the survivability of each of the species by making the species very camouflaged well in it’s environment or made the species stood out in its community. For instance Cloth Green had a high survivability for being the exact colour of it’s green background, being low volume and being very low to the ground. Due these traits, for a predator to quickly sight a low green Cloth organism in the green lowlands will be slower than that of an organism that’s tall and brightly coloure to its surroundings. Block 1 ( Black) was hit hard in Generation 3 specifically for its colour. In that generation the predator had a liking for Black Blocks so hunted many of this species. The Colour affected this round for it stood

Predatory selection demonstrated heavily on how the predators prefered brighter males and how females then resorted to whatever was left. From my data of mostly drab and mostly bright guppies with the simulation having 30 rivulus, 30 acara, and 30 cichlids, I could see a clear trend. For the mostly drab guppies, in a mere 7 generations or 141 weeks, showed that the predators had wiped out the brighter guppies having a split demographic of 0% of the brightest and bright guppies, 30% for drab guppies and 70% for the drabbest of guppies. In the mostly bright guppy test, it was more even but showed an obvious lean towards the drabber guppies having 20% and 17% for brightest and bright guppies, and 17% and 46% for the drab and drabbest guppies respectively. With all this data, the trend leaned towards having the bright guppies

The answer lies in the fact that guppies have to do more than just survive. They also have to reproduce -- and to do that, they have to attract mates. The "flashier" a male guppy is, the more likely a female guppy will choose him as a mate, giving him the opportunity to pass his genes along to the next generation. This is sexual selection at work, and it is the force that pushes guppy coloration toward conspicuousness just as hard as predation pushes coloration toward drabness.

Does The Brightness in Coloration of The Papilio Troilus in Larval Stage Affect The Survival Rate When They Encountered with Predators?

Even when starting with the same initial guppy color (even mix), and having the same amount of generations (10), the color percentages seem to be impacted greatly by the predators present in the habitat. When only 30 rivulus are in the habitat, sexual selection is more prominent and predators have less of an impact on the guppy’s coloration, resulting in 70% of the guppies having the brightest color, 16% of bright, 3% drab, and 5% drabbest. There is a noticeable gap in the number of bright and drab shades, with the brightest being the most plentiful thanks to sexual selection and lack of threat from predators.

When breeding, many male reef fishes display bright and showy color patterns. Discuss the potential advantages and disadvantages of this strategy.