Overview:
The Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex (DLPFC) is part of the frontal lobe, one of the most complex parts of the brain and among the last areas to develop. According to numerous neuroimaging studies, it may not be fully mature until a person’s mid-20s. The DLFPC has numerous connections with other parts of the brain and helps integrate information from different systems.
The DLPFC is involved in higher-order processing and executive functions like working memory, planning, attention, and self-regulation. These functions are crucial for everyday tasks like learning, decision-making, and socializing.
Location:
The Prefrontal Cortex lies in the frontal lobe anterior to the motor, premotor, and limbic areas and makes up about ⅓ of the total neocortical area of the brain. The prefrontal cortex may be further subdivided into the dorsolateral, orbitofrontal, and (sometimes) ventrolateral cortices, though there is some debate about these divisions. There is not a clear anatomical line where the DLPFC begins and ends. One way of defining it is by its connection to the parvocellular subdivision of the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus. Some authors say it includes Brodmann Areas 9 and 46 only, others may include
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The whole group went through a normal daily treatment with deep transcranial magnetic stimulation over the four weeks, then a subgroup continued with weekly maintenance sessions. This study is based on previous findings that depression is associated with hypoactivity in the left DLPFC and hyperactivity in the right DLPFC. All subjects showed improvement after the initial treatment, but then declined if they did not receive weekly maintenance
The CNS is further supported by a series of blood vessels that travel through and around the brain bringing oxygen and nutrients that are required for cell health. The CNS is further segmented by lobes such as the frontal lobe which the main role is executive function, long term memory and primary motor function. The temporal lobe which is responsible for language and sensory functioning, and the parietal lobe are responsible for somatosensory functions, and occipital lobe which is the visual association area (Hendelman, 2006). Each of these lobes controls cognitive functions, memory, motor, sight, smell, emotions and bodily functions, and are interconnected by the corpus callosum. Further structures include the basal ganglia, the brainstem, the cerebellum, the diencephalon, the thalamus and the hypothalamus, which are all divided and supported via the ventricles and sulcus which is where the cerebral spinal fluid [CSF] fills and acts as a cushion and nutrient for the brain (Hendelman, 2006). In a healthy functioning person all of these complex structures interconnect to control and regulate not only bodily functions, temperatures, nutrients, and processes, but also complex cognitive and psychological processes. A healthy brain additionally has smaller amounts of accumulated beta-amyloid plaques which can form extracellular aggregations of fibrils, as well as less of hyper-phosphorylation of tau protein which helps to create intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. A healthy brain additionally has balanced neurotransmitters and blood devoid of cholesterol and with balanced blood sugars (Bryant & Knights ,
Creating the world's first Z-Bomb, would have to be the most dangerous thing that could happen to humans. Turning them into Zombies, it would entirely change the characteristics of a human being and its brain. Although both living, Zombies have drastic defects towards certain aspects of the body. This Z-bomb won’t necessarily turn humans into zombies, but rather give humans zombie-ish characteristics.
Imagine a football player is tackled and hits the back of his head. As a result, his brain has hit the back of the cranium, then the front.
This division is not based on functionality, but is an aesthetic one. The frontal lobe is the largest of these geographic areas with the Rolandic fissure (Central sulcus) and the Silvian fissure (Lateral sulcus) and the Corpus Callosum creating the boundaries. The frontal lobe is comprised of three functionally specific areas on the surface area of the cerebral cortex: the precentral cortex or primary motor cortex (Brodmann’s area 4), the premotor cortex (Brodmann’s area 6) and the prefrontal
The right and left frontal lobes at the front of the brain are involved in mood, social behaviour, attention, judgement, planning and self-control. Damage can lead to reduced intellectual abilities and changes in personality, emotion and behaviour.
The key functions of the brain that are affected by dementia are the frontal lobe which controls
The diencephalon forms part of the central core of the forebrain that is surrounded by the cerebral hemispheres, and contains three main structures; the hypothalamus, the thalamus, and the epithalamus (Marieb & Hoehn, 2016).
Evidence of significant cognitive decline from a previous level of performance in one or more cognitive domains — such as complex attention, executive function, learning, memory, language, perceptual-motor or social cognition.
It targets executive functions like impulse control, flexible problem solving skills, controlling emotional responses, regulating behavior in social settings, generating ideas and initiating activities, cognitive skills, planning, and organizing, and lastly, task monitoring, (Roth et al, 2005).
The frontal lobe of the brain have implicated in behavioral exhibition, the ability to control emotions, and impulses. In the Constitution the 26th amendment says, “Old Enough to Fight, Old Enough to Vote,” meaning that an eighteen year old can vote if they are old enough to fight in war. Researchers have shown that adolescence actually extends into the early 20s (Lai, 2018).Dr. Jay Giedd from the National Institute of Mental Health postulates in paragraph eighteen that the “Brain scans show that the frontal lobes don’t mature until age 25, and their connections to other parts of the brain continue to improve to at least that age.” Even though many think
In FD, neuronal atrophy impinges the anterior, frontal and temporal brain lobes. Language difficulty and varied behaviour are common
The book of Exodus is about the people of Israel, who leave slavery through the strength of God, who has chosen them to be His people.
In addition, the limbic system is responsible for our perception of other emotions, both positive and negative, which explains the mood altering properties of many drugs. The cerebral cortex is divided into areas that control specific functions. Different areas process information from our senses, enabling us to see, feel, hear, and taste. The front part of the cortex, the frontal cortex or forebrain, is the thinking center of the brain, it powers our ability to think, plan, solve problems, and make decisions.
Running has been a crucial part of my development as a person and a student. I was a terribly unathletic child growing up. Truly focused on academics, music, and art, I was weak and skinny. Gym class would cause me stress as my peers looked down upon my skills and did not pick me to participate in their team. I still remember my seventh grade gym teacher laughing at my terrible volley ball skills. However, I started track and field in seventh grade. I was definitely not the best runner and it took a while for me to become used to moving after years of idle activities. I was still seen as an un-athletic person, but I decided to persevere and continue to run. I joined the cross country team in eighth grade and continued to run ever since. By
In the ‘Frogs’ and ‘Wasps’ written by the “eminently best” comedian of the fifth century, Aristophanes, we see he utilized humour to exact the important message that Athens is corrupt, and on the verge of chaos. The Athenian audience would expect to be thrust into a world of humour in the City Dionysia, somewhere parallel to their own (e.g. the Athenian jury in the ‘Wasps’, and the failings of the government in ‘Frogs’). It is vital, then, that Aristophanes conveys his political and social views through slapstick, farce, and caricature to interest the audience. This is an important component in both plays as the audience is able to simultaneously accept his diplomatic views whilst being entertained. After all his main point for producing his plays were to produce something with a “little fable, with a moral”.