Depending on age, to what extent does the use of colour impact one’s short-term memory in teenagers’ aged 15 and 17 years old?
Table of Contents
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Abstract
Write this section LAST! (250 to 300 words)
Introduction (including Literature Review) – first sac 1000 words
Colour
Colour¬¬ is the pigmentation produced on the eye, by rays of light when resolved by a prism into different wavelengths.
Colour is a fundamental aspect of our perceptual experience of the external world and has attracted people’s interest for a long time, as can be seen in the voluminous body of research conducted over the past century to examine the physics, physiology, and psychology of color. In the domain of information processing, numerous studies have demonstrated
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For instance, a marketing study performed by J.Morgan, has found that colour can increase brand recognition by up to 80%. (Morgan, 2010) Advertisements use colour to influence their target audience’s attention towards their product and, decision-making. Colour plays a role in conveying information to the general public.
People make up their minds within 90 seconds of their initial interactions with either people or products. About 62-90% of the assessment is based on colors alone. (Singh, 2006)
In an educational setting, excellence in academic is in high demand. Students can have better academic achievement with the contribution of colour.
The cognitive abilities of the students refer to the way the students perceive, pay attention, remember, think, and understand the lessons. There need to be strategies to facilitate the learning process and colours can play a role in motivating students to learn and profit from their educational experiences. (Dzulkifli & Mustafar,
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The distraction was a brain exercise consisting of 20 trivial true or false questions. Afterwards participants were told to write down the nonsense syllables they could recall after the distraction. This was the end of the experiment.
Feasibility and Reasoning
An experiment was used in this research because it could test the hypothesis; that the younger someone is, the more they are attracted to colour. The experiment had controlled conditions, which resulted in gathering verifiable quantitative results. It was also the ideal pathway in observing a cause-effect relationship, which allowed extraneous variables to be ruled out.
On the other hand, it was difficult to a degree to understand factors and variables that impacted the independent and dependent variables. Another disadvantage of experimental research was that it controlled variables that were unrelated/irrelevant at the time, which created ‘artificial’ scenarios.
Limitation of this research method included; the creation of ‘artificial’ situations and limited sampling. Sampling was very important to avoid generalization. For this research, participants selected represented the population studied. If random sampling were done, bias data would
This experiment was conducted by surveying ninety-six people, 48 males and 48 females, to complete a short survey. The survey asked them if they were color blind and whether they were male or female. They were then given five color cards (blue, green, pink, purple and yellow) and ordered the sample colors from their favorite to least favorite on a scale of 1-5.
With this method, a phenomenon is explained without much emphasis on what caused the event to occur. This process examines a situation as it exists in its current state (Bhawna & Gobind, 2015, p. 49). Then there is experimental research. This method is the opposite of descriptive research. The goal here is to explain a phenomenon. Thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are described, and a causal statement is made (Newman, 2016). The experimental research employs the use of control groups and experimental groups; as well as independent and dependent variables. The control group is the baseline for the comparison while the experimental group serves to test the hypothesis (Newman, 2016). Independent variables are manipulated during an experiment, while the dependent variable is what is measured by the outcome of the independent variable (Newman, 2016). Then there is causal research. Bhawna and Gobind (2015) state, "In causal research, the researcher examines how the independent variables reflected by the dependent variables and involve cause and effect relationships between the variables (p. 50)."
Examining both of these methods, experimental psychology has received criticism especially in its use of the laboratory setting. The laboratory experimental setting is considered by some as being too controlled, meaning behaviour studied may be artificial and therefore, not generalisable beyond the laboratory setting. Further criticisms include confounding variables such as 'demand characteristics ', may impact upon results. Demand characteristics occur when participants develop ideas of the purpose of the experiment and alter behaviour accordingly. Furthermore, the experimental method is hampered by its inability to study naturally occurring behaviour which occurs would be considered 'unethical ' to study if artificially created. For example, Oates (2012), cites concerns over the effects of participation in research of young children, who may be detrimentally affected by being exposed to things which they would not encounter in their day to day living. One possible way to avoid some of these criticisms and problems is using observational methods.
Everyday you are surrounded by hundreds of beautiful colors, now imagine that just hearing words or letters would make you see colors in your mind. Letters, numbers, even feelings become perceived as colors: the letter “J” is a light blue, the number “3” is a deep purple, “October” is a deep orange, pain is felt in a hue of colors
Analyses in this experiment will done using SPSS. An ANOVA for when the faces of both race were paired with a positive or negative judgement will reveal that it is a statistically significant predictor of reaction time. This indicates that participants were faster to respond when their ingroup was associated with a positive trait. Participants will display longer response time for when the outgroup is associated with a negative trait. One-sample t-test will reveal that there is no significant difference in the results in terms of the participant gender. Two-way ANOVA for the interaction between age and reaction time for each of the four test groups reveal that there is no significant differences for both ages.
The question we hope to answer is How do colors affect the way people view or judge others. The purpose of this experiment was to determine if colors affect the way people judge or view others. There are many factors that may affect this experiment. My lab partner for this experiment is Niamh McDonnell. We hypothesized that colors will indeed affect the way people view others. The part of the brain that helps us understand colors and allows us to have emotions is the frontal lobe. The frontal lobe controls the way we feel or recognize colors. The study we have done shows the way average humans can manipulate the way people see colors.We conducted this experiment May 1, 2016. Make sure to have parental guidance while conducting this experiment.
The participants who were involved in this experiment were Drake University students’ enrolled in Introduction to Psychology Lab. The students’ age ranged from 18-23 years old. In total there were 10 participants, 5 of which were male and 5 were female.
This experiment was developed with the help of a website that tested my hypothesis most effectively. For this experiment, I tested sixty eight people in total. Thirty four people for dates in color, and thirty four people for dates in black and white. I would recommend using a large amount of people
To rule out social conditioning, the researchers tested whether color red influenced the men’s ratings. The men were unaware of the role of color in their decision. They believed that their judgments were thoughtful and sophisticated. Conversely, the researchers described the men’s choice as automatic and rather primitive. The men were even unaware that the photos belonged to the same woman.
For example, we usually associate blue with calm feelings, and red with more excited feelings. Philosopher from the 1800s Johann Wolfgang von Goeth linked colors to emotional responses in his work Theory of Colors (Elliot 3.) Not only does color affect emotion, but also it directly affects behavior. F.H. Mahnke says in his work about environment and human response, “Color is also a part of the conscious, subconscious, and unconscious, and an experience that is integral to human behavior” (Mahnke 6.) This shows that color in our environment affects our behavior on many different levels, even at times when we do not realize that it is determining how we
Gi-Yeul Bae, Maria Olkkonen, Sarah R. Allred, and Jonathan I. Flombaum created a three part hypothesis with the first part hypothesizing that working memory exhibits color-specific
Since I was a child I have always loved the color red. Whenever my parents would ask me what color I wanted for various objects, or theme color for a party, I would always choose red. Until coming into this class, I never gave much thought to what the color red represents or why I have always liked it. I have read studies about the physiological and psychological impact that colors have upon individuals, and I have observed the effect of certain colors upon individuals, and I’ve found that my basic reaction to certain colors are different than most people.
Color is an abstract thought in most of our minds. When viewed through strong opposing topics it is seemingly found to be a completely different entity from how it is viewed neutrally. While art and science may seemingly contrast, both go hand in hand. They are both parts of the fundamental properties that make the universe that we know. From each of the subjects’ perspective, we find unique views of how humanity came to be diverse and affluent in many degrees of intelligence through observing the
Strictly speaking, blue is nothing but light that is reflected off the surface of an object and into receivers. These receivers then send electrical impulses to the brain that then interprets the impulses as blue. In that case, what more is color other than the interpretation of electrical signals? Without the stimuli and the receiver, there would be no color. In that case, color is only defined by the measurement of something else. A scientific approach to seeing color reveals a puzzling explanation.
In trying to decide whether or not they want to eat a particular food, most people don’t care how healthy the food is, but they do care very much what the color is. The color of the food makes signals to our brains.